Physical science Chapter 12 study guide

One Newton is the force that can give a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of

1 m/s2

One Newton is the force that can give an object with a mass of 1 kg an acceleration of 1 m/s2

1N=1 kg x 1m/s 2

What unbalanced force is needed to give a 976 kg vehicle an acceleration of 2.50 m/s2

2.44 x 10^3 N

Newton's ___________ law tells us how much an objects speed will be increased or decreased by an unbalanced force

2nd law of motion

What is the approximate terminal velocity of a sky diver before the parachute opens ?

320 km/h

What is the momentum of 255 g Apple falling at 16.0 m/s?

4.08 kg • m/s downward

Calculate the velocity of a 90.5 kg man running south with a momentum of 389 kg • m/s

4.30 m/s south

One pound is equal to how many Newton's ?

4.448 N

A 0.25 kg steel ball experiences a new force of 1.15 N as it rolls down a ramp. What is the acceleration of the ball ?

4.6 m/s2

How much does a 59.0 woman weigh on earth ?

578 N

A 10.0 kg dog chasing a rabbit north at 6.0 m/s has momentum of

60.0 kg m/s north

A force of 240.0 N causes an object to accelerate at 3.2 m/s2. What is the mass of the object

75 kg

Which of the following objects exerts a gravitational force ?

A bowling ball, a book, and a feather

Which is an example of projectile motion

A dart thrown at a dart board

Which statement illustrates Newton's first law ?

A stone will not move unless something pushes or pulls it, a ball rolling across the floor eventually slows down, as a car comes to a stop, the passenger sleep continue to move forward; all of the above

Which of the following is not a factor in calculating momentum

Acceleration

What happens immediately after a sky diver opens her parachute?

Air resistance greatly increases

Which statement about weight is incorrect?

An object weighs more on the moon than it weighs on Earth.

A situation known as _________ occurs when astronauts and their surroundings all accelerate at the same rate

Apparent weightlessness

Two identical cars are traveling at equal speeds, one is going north and the other south. If they collide head-on and stick together, what will happen to the motion of the cars ?

Both cars will stop

If you are given the mass of an object in pounds, the time in seconds, and the distance in feet, what must you do before you can calculate the momentum in SI units ?

Convert the mass to kilograms and convert the distance to meters

When objects are moved further apart from each other, the force of gravity between them

Decreases

When the same force is applied to two different masses, these masses will have ______ accelerations

Different

Near earths surface, the strongest gravitational force would occur between an elephant and

Earth

Whenever a force is exerted, another force occurs that is ________ in size, and ______ in direction

Equal , opposite

When you kick a stone, your foot exerts a force _________in size and ______in direction on your foot

Equal ; opposite

An example of an action-reaction pair is the action force when you jump down into a trampoline, your weight pushes down on the surface and the reaction force when the trampoline pushes back up on you with a force

Equal to your weight

The total momentum of objects before collision _______ the total momentum of the objects after collision

Equals

Orbital motion is a combination of ______ motion and freefall

Forward

When a satellite orbits earth, it experiences two motions: ________ motion and _______ toward earth

Forward ; freefall

The motion of an object resulting from only the force of gravity is _______

Free fall

What force causes a skater sliding in the ice to gradually slow down ?

Friction

Free fall is the motion of an object resulting from __________

Gravity

When an object is in free fall, the only force actions on it is

Gravity

astronauts "float" when inside on orbiting spaceship because they are

In free fall

When you stand, your weight pushes down on the ground and the ground pushes back with a force equal to your weight __________

In the opposite direction

The gravitational force on an object ________ as the objects mass increases

Increases

The tendency of an object at rest to remain a rest, or if moving, to continue moving at a constant velocity is ___________

Inertia

The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest is

Inertia

Free-fall acceleration near earths surface

Is the same for all objects

How does the total momentum of two objects before a collision compare with the total momentum after the collision

It is the same

Which of the following units is used to measure acceleration

M/s2

According to Newton's second law of motion, force is the product of _______ and _____

Mass; acceleration

The _______ of an object remains constant while it's _______ varies according to the gravitational force it experiences

Mass; weight

Mass is measure of the amount of _______in an object

Matter

mass times velocity equals______

Momentum

When the same amount of force is applied to two different masses, the smaller mass will be accelerated _______than the larger mass

More

All ________ objects have momentum

Moving

The SI unit of force, named after the scientist who described the relationship between motion and force, is called the

Newton

The law that states that every object maintains constant velocity unless acted on by an unbalanced force is

Newton's first law of motion

The law that states that the unbalanced force acting on an object equals the objects mass times its acceleration is

Newton's second law of motion

Earth pulls on the moon and holds the mood in its orbit. The moon pulls on earth with an equal and opposite force. This is an example of...

Newton's third law

The law that states that for every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force is

Newton's third law of motion

Near earths surface, an objects free-fall acceleration increases as its

None of above

An important safety feature in your car that is based on the concept of inertia is the

Seatbelt

As the time period of an objects momentum change becomes longer, the force needed to cause this change becomes

Smaller

Whenever an object is standing still, which value is always zero ?

Speed, velocity and momentum

When gravitational force and air resistance equalize on on object that is falling toward earth and the object stops accelerating, its velocity is called the ________ velocity

Terminal

What is the unbalanced force that slows down a ball rolling across the floor ?

The force of friction

What is the reaction force when you place a cup on a table

The force of the table on the cup

If two objects with two different masses and traveling with different velocities collide, what law allows you to predict the motion of the objects after the collision?

The law of conservation of momentum

In space, an astronaut hammers a nail. The hammer moves in one direction and the astronaut moves _____

The other direction

If an equal force is applied to two cars of equal mass, car A and car B, car A will have ______ acceleration as (than) car B

The same

Which statement about action-reaction force pairs is incorrect

They act on the same object

In the absence of air resistance, how would the acceleration of a 1.5 kg book and the acceleration of a 15 kg rock digger if the objects were dropped from the same height

They would not differ; they would be the same

An object at rest remains at rest unless it experiences a(n)

Unbalanced force

Which of the following equations is correct ?

W=mg

Which of the following is true?

Weight and mass are proportional by not equal , weight is gravitational force an object experience due to its mass, the weight of an object on earth is greater than the weight of the same object on the moon, but the objects mass stays the same

When two billiard balls collide, the total change in momentum of the balls is

Zero

Which object has the greatest inertia?

a bowling ball

When the velocity of an object changes, it is acted upon by a(n)

force

Orbital motion is a combination of

forward motion and free fall

When a moving bowling ball hits a pin, some of the ball's momentum

is transferred to the pin

Weight is best described as

the downward force exerted on objects due to gravity.

A seat belt helps you when your car stops suddenly by providing a(n)

unbalanced backward force