physics chapter 9

If the mass of Earth somehow increased with no change in radius, your weight would

increase also

Which is most responsible for Earth's ocean tides?

the Moon

The best time for digging clams (when the low tide is extra low) is during the time of the

new or full moon

The force of Earth's gravity on a capsule in space will lessen as it moves farther away. If the capsule moves to twice its distance, the force toward Earth becomes

one-fourth as much as before

Half-way to the center of a planet of uniform density, your weight compared to that at the surface would be

one-half as much

For lunar tides to occur in the human body,

parts of the body would have to be appreciably closer to the Moon than other parts

Suppose the Moon had twice the diameter but the same mass and same orbital distance from Earth. In that case, the high tides on Earth would be

practically the same

The force of gravity acts on all apples on an apple tree. Some apples are twice as far from the ground as others. For the same mass, these twice-as-high apples have

practically the same weight.

If your mass, the mass of Earth, and the mass of everything in the solar system were twice as much as it is now, yet everything stayed the same size, your weight on Earth would

quadruple

An asteroid exerts a 360-N gravitational force on a nearby spacecraft. The 360-N force on the spacecraft is directed

toward the asteroid

Which rocket would require more fuel?

one going from Earth to the Moon

You can experience the feeling of weight

all of the above ( in an accelerating elevator away from Earth, standing on Earth's surface, in a rotating habitat in space)

You experience "weightlessness"

all of the above (momentarily when you step off a chair, in a freely falling elevator, in the absence of a supporting surface)

When the distance between two interacting objects doubles, the gravitational force is

1/4 as much as before

A weight watcher who normally weighs 400 N stands on top of a very tall ladder so that she is one Earth radius above Earth's surface. How much is her weight there?

100 N

If the Moon were covered with water, tidal effects caused by the Earth would cause the Moon to have

2 tidal bulges

An asteroid exerts a 360-N gravitational force on a nearby spacecraft. If the spacecraft moves to a position three times as far from the center of the asteroid, the force will be

40 N

What is the force of gravity on a 500-N woman standing on Earth's surface?

500 N

The planet Jupiter is about 300 times as massive as Earth, yet on its surface, you would weigh only about 3 times as much because

Jupiter's radius is about 10 times Earth's radius

Rate this statement: No force due to Earth's gravity acts on astronauts inside the orbiting space station

always false

Rate this statement: No force due to Earth's gravity acts on astronauts inside the orbiting space station.

always false

Earth's gravitational field extends

both inside and outside Earth and throughout the entire universe

If the Sun were twice as massive,

both of the above (the pull of Earth on the sun would double; its pull on Earth would double)

if the sun were twice as massive

both of the above (the pull of earth on the sun would double and its pull on earth would double)

To make a profit, a buyer purchases metal by weight at one altitude and sells it at the same price per pound at another altitude. The supplier should

buy at a high altitude and sell at a low altitude

If Earth's radius somehow increased with no change in mass, your weight would

decrease

If the Earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, then your weight would

decrease to half.

On each given day and location, tides rise and fall at

different times

The origin of any microtides in the human body is most likely the

earth

During an eclipse of the Sun, the high ocean tides on Earth are

extra high

How far must one travel to escape Earth's gravitational field?

forget it; you can't travel far enough

The force of Earth's gravity on a capsule in space increases as it comes closer. When the capsule moves to half its distance, the force toward Earth is then

four times greater

The greater the masses of interacting objects, the

greater the gravitational force between them

The direction of a gravitational field is

in the same direction as gravitational attraction.

As two objects moving toward each other due to gravity get closer, the acceleration of each

increases

Two objects move toward each other due to gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the force between them

increases

When the distance between two stars decreases to one-third of the initial distance, the force between them

increases to nine times as much.

If the Moon had twice as much mass and still orbited Earth at the same distance, ocean bulges on Earth would be

larger

If the Moon were four times as massive but twice as far from Earth, high tides on Earth would be

lower

Each of us weighs a tiny bit less inside the ground floor of a skyscraper than we do on the ground away from the skyscraper because the

mass of the building above slightly attracts us upward

The amount of gravitational force that acts on a space vehicle while in Earth orbit is

nearly as much as the vehicle's weight on Earth's surface

There would be only one ocean tide per 24-hour day if the

none of the above (Earth and moon were equally massive, moon were more massive than the Earth, sun's influence on the tides were negligible, moon's mass were small - only a few kilograms)

Two planets in space gravitationally attract each other. If both their masses and the distance between them are doubled, the force between them is

none of the above (twice as much as before, half as much as before, 1/4 as much as before, four times as much as before)

If the Sun became twice as massive, your attraction to the Sun would double and your weight as measured on Earth would

not change

The main reason ocean tides exist is that the Moon's pull is stronger

on water closer to it than on water farther away

Earth is presently accelerating toward the Sun (centripetal acceleration). If the Sun collapsed into a black hole, this acceleration would

remain the same

If you drop a stone into a hole drilled all the way to the other side of Earth (neglect the molten core and any air along the way), the stone will

speed up until it gets to Earth's center

The force of gravity acting on you will increase if you

stand on a planet with a shrinking radius

Which of these three produces the greatest tidal effect on you right now?

the earth

Planets wobble in their orbits due to

the gravitational attraction to other planets

Which produces a greater tidal effect in your body: the Moon or a 1-kg melon held at arm's length above your head?

the melon

If you bounce and jump up and down on a bathroom scale, what varies on the scale reading is

the normal force

A black hole

the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse.

A black hole is

the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse.

Which pulls on the oceans of the Earth with a greater force?

the sun

Tidal forces in general are the result of

unequal gravitational forces acting on different parts of a body

In comparison with other fundamental forces, the universal gravitational constant G indicates that gravity is

very weak

The Earth is closer to the Sun in January than in July, which accounts for the fact that the highest high tides in the Northern Hemisphere occur in

winter

Passengers in a high-flying jumbo jet feel their normal weight in flight, while passengers in an orbiting space vehicle do not, because passengers in the space vehicle are

without support forces

Half-way to the center of a completely hollow planet with a thin uniform shell, your weight would be

zero