Physiology: Adrenergic Agonists Review Questions
A 22-year-old male is brought to the emergency room with suspected cocaine overdose. Which of the following symptoms is most likely in this patient? A. Hypertension B. Bronchoconstriction C. Bradycardia D. Miosis (constriction of pupil)
a
Which of the following is correct regarding adrenergic neurotransmission? A. Norepinephrine is the major neurotransmitter released from sympathetic nerve terminals. B. Norepinephrine is mainly released from the adrenal glands. C. Tricyclic antidepressants and cocaine prevent the release of norepinephrine from the nerve terminals. D. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) converts dopamine to norepinephrine in the nerve terminal
a
Which of the following is correct regarding responses mediated by adrenergic receptors? A. Stimulation of α1 receptors increases blood pressure. B. Stimulation of sympathetic presynaptic α2 receptors increases norepinephrine release. C. Stimulation of β2 receptors increases heart rate (tachycardia). D. Stimulation of β2 receptors causes bronchoconstriction.
a
A hypertensive patient was accidentally given an α2 agonist instead of an α1 blocker. Which of the following is correct in this situation? A. α2 Agonists can increase the release of norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve terminals. B. α2 Agonists can reduce blood pressure in this patient. C. α2 Agonists can increase blood pressure in this patient. D. α2 Agonists will not affect blood pressure in this patient.
b
An asthma patient was given a nonselective β agonist to relieve bronchoconstriction. Which adverse effect would you expect in this patient? A. Bradycardia B. Tachycardia C. Hypotension (reduction in blood pressure) D. Worsening bronchoconstriction
b
Which of the following classes of adrenergic agents has utility in the management of hypertension? A. α1 Agonist B. α2 Agonist C. β1 Agonist D. β3 Agonist
b
A patient who has hypertension and mild asthma attacks bought a herbal remedy for asthma online. He does not take any prescription medications for asthma, but takes a β1 -selective blocker for hypertension. The herbal remedy relieves the asthma attacks, but his blood pressure seems to increase despite the β-blocker therapy. Which of the following drugs is most likely present in the herbal remedy? A. Phenylephrine B. Norepinephrine C. Ephedrine D. Salmeterol
c
An elderly patient is brought to the emergency room with a blood pressure of 76/60 mm Hg, tachycardia, and low cardiac output. He is diagnosed with acute heart failure. Which of the following drugs is most appropriate to improve his cardiac function? A. Epinephrine B. Fenoldopam C. Dobutamine D. Isoproterenol
c
Which of the following adrenergic agonists is commonly present in nasal sprays available over-the-counter (OTC) to treat nasal congestion? A. Clonidine B. Albuterol C. Oxymetazoline D. Formoterol
c
Which of the following is correct regarding adrenergic neurotransmission? A. Epinephrine is the major neurotransmitter released from sympathetic nerve terminals. B. Norepinephrine is mainly released from the adrenal glands. C. Tricyclic antidepressants and cocaine prevent reuptake of norepinephrine into the nerve terminals. D. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) converts dopamine to norepinephrine in the nerve terminal.
c
A 12-year-old boy with a peanut allergy is brought to the emergency room after accidental consumption of peanuts. He is in anaphylactic shock. Which of the following drugs is most appropriate to treat this patient? A. Norepinephrine B. Phenylephrine C. Dobutamine D. Epinephrine
d
All of the following are correct regarding adrenergic receptors, except: A. α1 Receptors are primarily located on the postsynaptic membrane in the effector organs. B. α2 Receptors are primarily located on the presynaptic sympathetic nerve terminals. C. β1 Receptors are found mainly in the heart. D. β2 Receptors are found mainly in adipose tissue.
d
Which of the following adrenergic drugs is used in the treatment of overactive bladder? A. Epinephrine B. Dobutamine C. Phenylephrine D. Mirabegron
d
Which of the following adrenergic agonists is most likely to cause CNS side effects when administered systemically? A. Epinephrine. B. Norepinephrine. C. Isoproterenol. D. Dopamine. E. Ephedrine.
e
