Planning Processes
what are the six steps in the planning process?
1. define objectives 2.determine where you stand 3.develop premises regarding the future 4.analyse and choose action alternatives 5. inplement the plan 6. evaluate results
planning improves... ( 3 things)
1.focus and action 2.coordination and control 3.time managment
Objectives top to down
each level of management sets objectives based on the organizations purpose. ( see pg 117 ch 5)
attempt to predict future
forecasting
5 planning tools
forecasting,contingency planning, scenario planning, benchmarking, and participatory planning
type of plan that implements strategic planning
operational.... why?
broad guidelines for decision making
policies
steps/actions to implement policies
procedures
specific short term tasks
projects
alternative future possibilities by which to develop plans
scenario planning
type of plan that is broad, comprehensive long-term goals
strategic
Goals need to be...
1. Specific and timely 2. measurable , challenging, and attainable
why does managers use planning processes?
-because its sets a stage for other funtions of managment -provides direction -sets objectives and how to acomplish them
plan to commit resources
budgets
goal setting based on comparisons
Benchmarking
type of plan that is within three or more years
Long-Range
seeking input from those who will implement plan
Participatory Planning
type of plan that is within one year or less
Short- range
back up plan
contingency planning
Good planning makes us
action oriented, priority oriented, change oriented, advantage oriented, & it gives the team a common vision