Political Parties, Candidates, and Campaigns: Defining the Voter's Choice

Which of the following states have closed/partially closed primaries?

North Carolina Nevada Florida

Which is a reason that some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment?

The Republican Party has become stronger in the South and the Democratic Party had become stronger in the Northeast.

What has happened to the New England states since the 1980s?

They have shifted toward the Democrats.

Which of the following are functions of political consultants?

advising on how to run a successful campaign gathering voter opinions producing promotional materials

Which of the following best describes the voting electorate after the expansion of voting rights during the era of Jacksonian democracy?

all white males

What percentage of voters today cast a split ticket?

less than 20 percent

A reason political parties have emerged whenever democracy has been established is that ______.

political parties provide individuals a way to join together in order to exercise their collective influence

Which of the following are part of the money chase of politics?

pursuing wealthy patrons raising funds

When casting a ______, citizens vote for candidates from different parties.

split ticket

What relationship does the national Democratic or Republican Party have with the state and local parties?

All three levels are independent but work together.

Which of the following are true about political contributions called hard money?

Hard money is money given directly to a candidate. Hard money is subject to legal limits. Hard money can be spent as the recipient chooses. Hard money is money political parties give to candidates.

State party organizations are usually small and are directed by ______.

a full-time chairperson

What three basic elements are usually involved in a party realignment?

an enduring change in the parties' policies and coalitions a shift in voters' partisan support in elections unusually powerful and divisive issues

The U.S. government functions as a(n) ______ system.

two-party

What is another name for the plurality system?

winner-take-all system

Which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true? (Choose every correct answer.)

Abraham Lincoln was the target of insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns. Negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office

Political scientist Darrell West uses the term air wars to describe ______.

candidates' use of televised ads

True or false: Local, state, and national party organizations are hierarchical in structure.

false

In the era of Jacksonian democracy, the efforts of local party organizations, along with the extension of voting rights to citizens without property, contributed to an almost ______ increase in election turnout.

fourfold

Political parties began to emerge in the United States ______.

in spite of many of the founding fathers' mistrust of them

The highlighting of candidates' attributes and policy positions to appeal to voters is called ______.

packaging

Today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful?

pollsters campaign strategists media producers

The national, state, and local organizations of the Republican and Democratic parties are ______.

relatively independent; that is, each level does not have much control over the others