Populations MCQ

If a city of population 10,000 experiences 100 births, 40 deaths, 10 immigrants, and 30 emigrants in the course of a year, what is its net annual percentage growth rate? A. 0.4% B. 0.8% C. 1.0% D. 4.0% E. 8.0%

A. 0.4%

Which of the following best exemplifies population momentum? A. Continued growth of a population after fertility drops to replacement level B. Continued growth of a population due to emigration C. Decreased population due to increase in the death rate D. Decreased population due to a reduced death rate and an increased fertility rate E. Growth of a population after the fertility rate doubles

A. Continued growth of a population after fertility drops to replacement level

Cycads are gymnosperms that were diverse and abundant during the Mesozoic era. Extant species of cycads share many traits with those from the Mesozoic era. Cycads bear cones, are long-lived with slow growth rates, show late reproductive maturity, and have very few offspring. Based on this description, the cycads are A. K-strategists with a Type I survivorship curve. B. r-strategists with a Type III survivorship curve. C. K-strategists with a Type III survivorship curve. D. r-strategists with a Type II survivorship curve.

A. K-strategists with a Type I survivorship curve

Which of the following is most typically associated with the transition from a rural to an urbanized society? A. Reduced birth rates B. Reduced need for sewage-treatment facilities C. Increased rates of population growth D. Increased air quality in urban areas E. Increased stabilization of microclimate in urban areas

A. Reduced birth rates

In a certain country, the birth rate is high, the death rate is high, and there are many children that are part of the workforce. The country is most likely in which of the following stages of the demographic transition? A. Stage 1 B. Stage 2 C. Stage 3 D. Stage 4

A. Stage 1

In a human population, the population momentum effect is most likely to occur in cases in which a large percent of people in the population are in which age-group? A. Younger than eighteen years old B. Between thirty and forty-four years old C. Between forty-five and fifty-four years old D. Between fifty-five and sixty years old E. Older than sixty-five years old

A. Younger than eighteen years old

The K-selection reproductive strategy maximizes survival of offspring by producing A. few offspring with high levels of parental care B. few offspring with low levels of parental care C. many offspring with high levels of parental care D. many offspring with low levels of parental care E. many offspring without parental care

A. few offspring with high levels of parental care

If a country has a crude birth rate of 24 per 1,000 and a crude death rate of 8 per 1,000, the natural annual percent increase of its population is A. 0.6% B. 1.6% C. 3% D. 16% E. 32%

B. 1.6%

If the population of a country is growing at a rate of 1.75 percent per year, the population will double in approximately how many years? A. 30 years B. 40 years C. 50 years D. 70 years E. 140 years

B. 40 years

In a human population undergoing the demographic transition, which of the following generally decreases first? A. Birth rate B. Death rate C. Average family size D. Life expectancy E. Level of education

B. Death rate

Which of the following pairs of statistics would most likely indicate the highest quality of life in a country? A. High rate of teenage pregnancy and low gross domestic product B. High life expectancy and low infant mortality C. High crude birth rate and low literacy rate D. High level of export and low social status of women E. High emigration rate and low total fertility rate

B. High life expectancy and low infant mortality

Which of the following statements is best supported by the population doubling times indicated on the map? A. Australia and China both have a greater population than the other countries have. B. India has a higher population growth rate than China and Australia have. C. The countries with the shortest doubling times have higher population densities than the other countries have. D. The countries with the longest doubling times are less developed than the other countries. E. The most arable land for growing crops is in Australia and China.

B. India has a higher population growth rate than China and Australia have.

The increase in the size of Earth's human population in the last century has been dramatic. Which of the following identifies two major contributors to this increase? A. New methods of agriculture and the identification of new food crops B. The Industrial Revolution and modern medicine C. Increased emigration/immigration and decreased warfare D. New methods of birth control and decrease warfare E. Increased education for women and the development of new pesticides

B. The Industrial Revolution and modern medicine

A certain species of dinosaur laid large numbers of eggs, and the hatchlings had high mortality early in life. But if they survived, the young dinosaurs were able to grow at a rapid pace and disperse into the environment in order to thrive. Based on this information and the graph above, which of the following best characterizes this species of dinosaur? A. The dinosaurs were r-strategists and exhibited a Type I survivorship curve. B. The dinosaurs were r-strategists and exhibited a Type III survivorship curve C. The dinosaurs were K-strategists and exhibited a Type II survivorship curve. D. The dinosaurs were K-strategists and exhibited a Type I survivorship curve.

B. The dinosaurs were r-strategists and exhibited a Type III survivorship curve

If the population of a country grows at a rate of approximately 5 percent per year, the number of years required for the population to double is closest to A. 5 years B. 10 years C. 15 years D. 25 years E. 35 years

C. 15 years

Which of the following best characterizes a population that is growing exponentially with time? A. Equal increases in number over equal increments of time B. Controlled growth over a finite time C. Doubling in size over equal increments of time D. Reaching a maximum then experiencing a rapid decline E. Growing at a rate proportional to the square root of time

C. Doubling in size over equal increments of time

The rate of population growth starts to slow down at which point? A. The end of phase I B. The middle of phase II C. The beginning of phase III D. The end of phase III E. The middle of phase IV

C. The beginning of phase III

The total fertility rate in country A was 6.8 in 1980. Which of the following statements best supports the change in the total fertility rate in country A between 1980 and 2015? A. The total fertility rate increased as a result of improved health care and better nutrition. B. The total fertility rate remained constant even though there was improved access to clean water. C. The total fertility rate decreased as a result of a delay in age of first marriage and increased contraceptive use. D. The total fertility rate decreased as a result of increased infant mortality rate.

C. The total fertility rate decreased as a result of a delay in age of first marriage and increased contraceptive use.

As a country goes through the demographic transition, the greatest rate of population growth takes place during which phase? A. The preindustrial B. The pretransitional C. The transitional D. The industrial E. The postindustrial

C. The transitional

Members of an r-selected species characteristically A. grow slowly B. produce few offspring C. reach sexual maturity quickly D. have long life spans E. are very protective of their offspring

C. reach sexual maturity quickly

The most populous countries in the world are China, India, and A. Indonesia B. Russia C. the United States D. Japan E. Mexico

C. the United States

A country currently has a population of 100 million and an annual growth rate of 3.5 percent. If the growth rate remains constant, what will be the population of this country in 40 years? A. 150 million B. 200 million C. 300 million D. 400 million E. 800 million

D. 400 million

The current world population is closest to which of the following? A. 1 million B. 500 million C. 1 billion D. 5 billion E. 20 billion

D. 5 billion

Which of the following is the best description of a population that has a stable age distribution? A. A large population that is growing at a constant rate B. A large population with a negative growth rate C. A population that is in the early stages of logistic population growth D. A growing population in which the proportions of individuals in the different age classes remain constant E. A small population that has not yet achieved exponential growth

D. A growing population in which the proportions of individuals in the different age classes remain constant

By the year 2050, world population is expected to approach 10 billion. If the current population trends continue, which region of the world will most likely experience the majority of the growth? A. North and Central America B. Central and South America C. Eastern and Western Europe D. Africa and Asia E. Australia and New Zealand

D. Africa and Asia

Which of the following is most likely the primary cause of high death rates in phase I? A. Loss of breeding-age males due to warfare B. Loss of breeding-age females due to disease C. Large percentage of elderly individuals in the population D. Infant and childhood mortality E. General starvation due to famine

D. Infant and childhood mortality

Which of the following is generally true of K-strategist species as compared to r-strategist species? A. They reach sexual maturity earlier. B. They have more young. C. They are more likely to be invasive species. D. They have longer life spans. E. Their population cycles are more rapid.

D. They have longer life spans.

The world population growth rate in 2015 is about 1 percent. It is expected to drop to 0.5 percent by 2050, partly because of increased access to birth control in developing nations. Another likely cause for the expected decline is A. a decrease in the spread of pandemic diseases like Ebola B. an increase in the total fertility rate in developed nations C. an increased global food supply as a result of climate change D. increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations E. medical advances that will increase the life spans of people in developing nations

D. increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations

Which of the following is a true statement about replacement-level fertility? A. It equals the average number of children a woman will give birth to during her child-bearing years. B. It equals the annual number of live births per 1,000 people in a population. C. It equals the natural increase of a population in one year. D. It is found by subtracting the number of emigrants from the number of immigrants in one year. E. It is greater in countries with high infant-mortality rates than in countries with low infant-mortality rates.

E. It is greater in countries with high infant-mortality rates than in countries with low infant-mortality rates.

Which of the following describes the changes in a country's demographics as it begins its transition from a preindustrial state to an industrial state? A. Population increases rapidly, birth rate declines, death rate increases B. Population increases rapidly, birth rate declines, death rate remains high C. Population decreases rapidly, birth rate declines, death rate decreases D. Population decreases rapidly, birth rate remains high, death rate increases E. Population increases rapidly, birth rate remains high, death rate decreases

E. Population increases rapidly, birth rate remains high, death rate decreases

Which of the following is a true statement about the total fertility of a society? A. The total fertility of a society is the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate. B. The total fertility of a society is the number of children necessary for a couple to replace themselves in the next generation. C. The total fertility of a society is positively correlated with the average education of women. D. The total fertility of a society is negatively correlated with the number of women of child-bearing age. E. The total fertility of a society decreases as the society progresses through the demographic transition.

E. The total fertility of a society decreases as the society progresses through the demographic transition.

Although the fertility rate for women in the United States has declined in recent years to a value below replacement level, the United States population is still increasing because of A. lower average age at first marriage B. lower infant death rates C. increased longevity D. improved health care E. immigration

E. immigration

Zero population growth is associated with A. phase I only B. phase II only C. phase III only D. phase IV only E. phases I and IV

E. phases I and IV