Practice Exam Questions

The label on a bag of salt-free pretzels indicates that the chips are "low-fat." This means the pretzels provide _____ gram(s) of fat or less per serving.

3

According to national surveys, the percentage of obese American adults increased by almost ____ % between 1988-1994 and 2011-2012.

50

Which of the following compounds enters the citric acid cycle?

Acetyl CoA

Which of the following cooking methods can result in major losses of water-soluble vitamins? -Stir-frying in a small amount of oil -Boiling in a saucepan of water -Steaming in a vegetable steamer -Microwaving in little or no water

Boiling in a saucepan of water

Plants use glucose to make fiber and starch. (True or False)

True

The body uses cholesterol to make _____.

steroid hormones

To conserve the vitamin content of foods, _____________. -cook slowly in large amounts of water -peel vegetables and cut into small pieces before cooking in water -stir-fry instead of boil -store in warm conditions, and expose to sunlight and air

stir-fry instead of boil

Ashley's BMI is 16.8. Based on this information, her weight is in the _____ range.

underweight

Julio wants to cook chicken and bake a pie made with eggs and milk for his roommates. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he _____.

wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables

___________ is a condition characterized by the accumulation of scar tissue in the liver leading to its irreversible damage.

Cirrhosis of the liver

The toxin produced by _____ can cause blurry vision, muscle weakness, difficulty swallowing, and even death.

Clostridium botulinum

Which of the following plant oils contain a high amount of saturated fat? -Coconut oil -Canola oil -Walnut oil -Safflower oil

Coconut oil

Karen has type 2 diabetes and has been complaining that her breath has a fruity smell. Based on your knowledge about macromolecule metabolism, what will be the best explanation of her actual situation?

Due to her hyperglycemia, the process of ketosis is occurring, and the fatty acids are breaking down to form ketone bodies responsible for the fruity smell.

Three days after eating an undercooked hamburger patty at a picnic, Grace experienced intestinal cramps and bloody diarrhea. When Grace became too weak to walk, her roommate took her to the emergency room of a hospital. Grace required treatment for kidney failure. Based on this information, which of the following food-borne pathogens was most likely responsible for Grace's serious illness?

E. coli O157:H7

Direct calorimetry measures a person's oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. (True or False)

False

Inside our cells, the Acetyl CoA can be converted into pyruvate. (True or False)

False

Water-soluble vitamins are stored inside our body and do not need to be ingested daily. ( True or False)

False

Which of the following compounds is secreted by the human stomach?

Hydrochloric acid

Which of the following measurement techniques is a convenient, practical, and inexpensive way to determine if a person has an unhealthy distribution of body fat?

Measuring the person's waist circumference

Paul just had a cholecystectomy (gall bladder removal); which of the following dietary modifications does he need to implement?

Reduce his lipid intake

Which of the following statements is true? -Nutrient requirements are the same, regardless of a person's age or sex. -The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake. -A group of scientists at the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics developed the DRIs. -Recommended Dietary Allowances meet the nutrient needs of 50% of healthy people.

The adult AMDR for carbohydrates is 45 to 65% of total energy intake.

Which of the following statements is true? -The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine. -The esophagus is the muscular valve that connects the stomach to the small intestine. -The colon is the major site of nutrient absorption in the human digestive system. -Lean people have a higher risk of gallstones than fat people.

The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.

If Kara's body weight is 120 pounds, her RDA for protein is approximately 44 g. (True or False)

True

Local health departments have the authority to close restaurants that receive low sanitation scores and prevent them from reopening until food safety hazards have been corrected. (True or False)

True

Which of the following is not a water-soluble vitamin? -Vitamin A -Folate -Ascorbic Acid -Biotin

Vitamin A

Which of the following foods is not a good source of thiamin? -Whole milk -Pork chops -Enriched bread -Wheat germ

Whole milk

Antonio has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce his likelihood of developing heartburn, his physician recommended that he _____. -take a multivitamin/multimineral pill before meals -decrease his intake of fruits and vegetables -increase his intake of solid fats -avoid overeating during meals

avoid overeating during meals

Esther would like to gain weight, but despite eating regular meals and having no disordered eating practice or eating disorder, her BMI dropped from 19.0 to 16.2 in 1 year. According to this information, Esther's physician will need to _________.

determine whether Esther has cancer or another chronic disease.

In their efforts to avoid regaining the weight they have lost, members of the National Weight Control Registry tend to _________.

eat breakfast daily

The process of pasteurization involves the use of ____________.

heat to kill pathogens