Pre-assessment

At what age would the nurse expect an infant to be able to say "mama" and "dada" with meaning?

10 months

By what age should the nurse expect that an infant will be able to pull to a standing position?

11-12 months

At what age is it safe to give infants whole milk instead of commercial infant formula?

12 months

At what age should the nurse expect an infant to begin smiling in response to pleasurable stimuli?

2 months

At about what age does an infant start to recognize familiar faces and objects, such as own hand?

3 months

At what age do most infants begin to fear strangers?

6 months

At what age can most infants sit steadily unsupported?

8 months

The psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include which of the following?

Ability to delay gratification

Which of the following characteristics best describes the FINE motor skills of an infant at age 5 months?

Able to grasp object voluntarily

A toddler, age 16 months, falls down a few stairs. He gets up and "scolds" the stairs as if they caused him to fall. This is an example of which of the following?

Animism

Which of the following types of play is most typical of the preschool period?

Associative

The developmental task with which the child of 15 to 30 months is likely to be struggling is a sense of what?

Autonomy

The parents of a 2-month-old boy are concerned about spoiling their son by picking him up when he cries. The nurse's best response is which of the following?

Babies need comforting and cuddling. Meeting these needs will not spoil him

A 4-year-old boy is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. He tells the nurse that he is sick because he was "bad." Which of the following is the nurse's best interpretation of this comment?

Common at this age

Which of the following is true concerning the development of autonomy during adolescence?

Conformity to both parents and peers gradually declines toward the end of adolescence

An infant, age 6 months, has six teeth. The nurse should recognize that this is which of the following?

Earlier than expected tooth eruption

Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation for relief of teething pain?

Give child a frozen teething ring to relieve inflammation

What information should be given to the parents of a 12-month-old child regarding appropriate play activities for this age?

Give large push-pull toys for kinetic stimulation

When discussing development and play activities with the parent of a 2-month-old boy. Which of the following statements by the parent would indicate a correct understanding of the teaching?

I can use a music box and soft mobiles as appropriate play activities for my baby

According to Erikson, the psychosocial task of adolescence is developing which of the following?

Identity

The parent of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that the child believes "monsters and boogeymen" are in his bedroom at night. The nurse's best suggestion for coping with this problem is which of the following?

Keep a night light on in the child's bedroom Sleep terror

Parents tell the nurse they found their 3-year-old daughter and a male cousin of the same age inspecting each other closely as they used the bathroom. Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation for the nurse to make?

Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity

The mother of a 6-month-old infant has returned to work and is expressing breast milk to be frozen. She asks for directions on how to safely thaw the breast milk in the microwave. The nurse should recommend which of the following?

Never thaw or heat breast milk in a microwave oven

During a well-child visit the father of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that he is not sure if his son is ready for kindergarten. The boy's birthday is close to the cut-off date, and he has not attended preschool. Which of the following is the nurse's best recommendation?

Perform developmental screening

A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she doesn't want another blood sample drawn because "I need all of my insides and I don't want anyone taking them out." Which of the following is the nurse's best interpretation of this?

Preschoolers have poorly defined sense of skin properties

A boy age 4 1/2 years has been having increasingly frequent angry outbursts in preschool. He is aggressive toward the other children and the teachers. This behavior has been a problem for approximately 8 to 10 weeks. His parent asks the nurse for advice. Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention?

Refer the child for a professional psychosocial assessment

A toddler's parent asks the nurse for suggestions on dealing with temper tantrums. Which of the following is the most appropriate recommendation?

Remain close by the child but without eye contact

Which one of the following dysfunctional speech patterns is a normal characteristic of the language development of a preschool child?

Stammering

Which of the following characteristics best describes the language skills of a 3-year-old child?

Talks incessantly regardless of whether anyone is listening

A 17-month-old child would be expected to be in what stage, according to Piaget?

Tertiary circular reaction

The parents of a newborn say that their toddler "hates the baby. . . . He suggested that we put him in the trash can so the trash truck could take him away." The nurse's best reply is which of the following?

That is a normal response to the birth of a sibling. Let's look at ways to deal with this.

A parent of an 18-month-old boy tells the nurse that he says "no" to everything and has rapid mood swings. If he is scolded, he shows anger and then immediately wants to be held. The nurse's best interpretation of this behavior is which of the following?

This is normal behavior for his age

Although a 14-month-old girl received a shock from an electrical outlet recently, her parent finds her about to place a paper clip in another outlet. Which of the following is the best interpretation of this behavior?

This is typical behavior because of inability to transfer knowledge to new situations

In terms of GROSS motor development, what would the nurse expect an infant age 5 months to do?

Turn from abdomen to back

During the 2-month well-child check-up the nurse expects the infant to respond to sound in the following manner:

Turns head to side when sound is at ear level

In terms of cognitive development, the 5-year-old child would be expected to do which of the following?

Use maginal thinking

Which of the following characteristics best describes the gross motor skills of a 24-month-old child?

Walks up and down stairs

Which of the following statements is correct about toilet training?

Wanting to please the parent helps motivate the child to use the toilet

The parents of a 7-year-old boy tell the nurse that lately he has been cruel to their family pets and actually caused physical harm. The nurse's recommendations should be based on knowledge that this is:

a warning sign of a serious problem

Adolescents often do not use reasoned decision making when issues such as substance abuse and sexual behavior are involved. This is because they:

are dealing with issues that are stressful and emotionally laden

Which of the following is most descriptive of the spiritual development of the older adolescent?

beliefs become more abstract

In girls the initial indication of puberty is which of the following?

breast development

Which of the following is the most common form of child maltreatment?

child neglect

The mother of a 3-month-old breast-fed infant asks about giving her baby water because it is summer and very warm. The nurse should tell her that:

fluids in addition to breast milk are not needed

According to Piaget, adolescents tend to be in which stage of cognitive development?

formal operational thought

Girls experience an increase in weight and fat deposition during puberty. Nursing considerations related to this include which of the following?

give reassurance that these changes are normal

The nurse is interviewing the father of a 10-month-old. The child is playing on the floor when she notices an electrical outlet and reaches up to touch it. Her father says "no" firmly and moves her away from the outlet. The nurse should use this opportunity to teach the father that the child:

is old enough to understand the word "no."

Which of the following is an appropriate play activity for a 7-month-old infant to encourage visual stimulation?

playing peek-a-boo

According to Piaget, the 6-month-old infant would be in what developmental stage?

secondary circular reactions

In boys the initial indication of puberty is which of the following?

testicular enlargement