prep u : Med Surg ch 3 - Critical Thinking, Ethical Decision Making, and the Nursing Process, ch. 4 - Health Education and Health Promotion

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to an elderly client. The nurse hands the client a paper about a new medication. The client cannot read. Learning does not occur. In this situation the nurse has failed to assess the

Appropriateness of teaching techniques

What percentage of people older than 65 years have one or more chronic disease(s)?

80%

The following nursing diagnoses are formulated with a client: constipation, acute pain, and caregiver role strain. During the planning phase of the nursing process, the nurse will prioritize the diagnoses in what order?

Acute pain, constipation, caregiver role strain

The use of patient restraints limits which ethical principle?

Autonomy

Which ethical principle refers to the duty to do good?

Beneficence

In many situations, measurement of which of the following is the most accurate measurement technique to identify changes in patient behavior? Direct observation of behavior Anecdotal notes Use of checklists Use of rating scales

Direct observation of behavior

Which of the following is a cognitive or mental activity that nurses use in critical thinking?

Drawing on past clinical experiences and knowledge to explain what is happening

Select the nursing action that is least likely to motivate a person to learn.

Emphasis on negative outcomes as a method to prevent learning incorrect practices

Which step of the nursing process determines whether the client understands the health teaching that is provided?

Evaluation

The practice of nursing care is multifaceted in its scope and delivery. Which of the following activities describe the role of nursing? Select all that apply. Promoting health Changing prescribed treatment protocols Health education and maintenance Preventing illness Altering a medical plan of care

Health education and maintenance Preventing illness Promoting health

There are many goals for health teaching. Which of the following is the primary goal of family and patient education?

Improve patient outcomes

Which of the following is a diagnosis related to health education? Self-esteem disturbance Ineffective health maintenance Ineffective airway clearance Altered nutrition, less than body requirements

Ineffective health maintenance

Which of the following is a true statement about a living will?

It states the client's wishes regarding healthcare if terminally ill.

The nurse is in the process of initiating and delivering a teaching-learning program. What is the strongest predictor of a client's health status? Life style Cultural skills High socio- economic level Health literacy skills

Life style

The nurse is caring for a 33-year-old male client. Which clinical screening should the client have, based on his age? Colonoscopy Lipid panel Electrocardiogram Hemoccult screening

Lipid panel

The nurse is to administer a potassium supplement to the client. The nurse does not check the potassium level prior to administering the medication and later finds that the potassium level was at a critical high. What principle has this nurse violated?

Nonmaleficence

Which factor is a leading health indicator used to measure the health of the nation?

Overweight and obesity

A nurse developed a program of increased ambulation for a patient with an orthopedic disorder. This goal setting is a component of the nursing process known as: Implementation Evaluation Planning Assessment

Planning

When a person authorizes another to make medical decisions on his or her behalf, the person has written which of the following?

Proxy directive

Which of the following is the highest level of human need according to Maslow (1968)?

Self-actualization

Which of the following nursing action exemplifies the evaluation of the teaching-learning process to determines how effectively the patient has responded to teaching?

Watching a return demonstration of insulin administration from a client newly diagnosed with diabetes

A staff nurse teaches a client on the proper technique of self-injection for a client with multiple sclerosis. When does the nurse anticipate the end of the implementation phase of teaching-learning process?

When the client's responses to the actions have been recorded

A client recently diagnosed with pancreatic cancer asks the nurse not to share the diagnosis with the client's family members. After visiting the client, the client's daughter approaches the nurse and states, "Mom just did not seem herself today. Are biopsy reports back and do they confirm pancreatic cancer?" What is the best response from the nurse to the client's daughter?

"It is unethical and illegal for me to discuss your mother's medical information with you."

When an ethical decision is made based on the reasoning of the "greatest good for the greatest number," what theory is the nurse following?

Utilitarian theory

Based on the nurse's knowledge of the increased risk for bleeding in a client undergoing chemotherapy or radiation, which of the following interventions does the nurse need to include in the client's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Monitoring the platelet count Monitoring for signs of abnormal bleeding Instructing the client to use a soft toothbrush Instructing the client to use an electric razor

A 27-year-old client is a regular smoker, has diabetes, and has been diagnosed with hypertension. The client says it is cumbersome and time consuming to visit the doctor regularly just for a blood pressure check. Which aspect of teaching would the nurse use with this client?

Suggest the client purchase a self-monitoring cuff

Which of the following teaching strategies may be used with a patient diagnosed with a developmental disability? Select all that apply. Base information on chronologic age. Use nonverbal cues as needed. Demonstrate information followed by return demonstration. Use simple explanations. Encourage active participation.

Use nonverbal cues as needed. Demonstrate information followed by return demonstration. Use simple explanations. Encourage active participation.

A client has been diagnosed with cardiac dysfunction and admitted to a health care center. The nurse notices that the client's ankles and feet are swollen. Using critical thinking skills, which nursing intervention does the nurse know to perform next?

assess client for dependent edema

How is assessment defined as part of the nursing process?

careful observation and evaluation of a client's health status

Several days this week, a nurse takes time after work to read to a visually impaired client who has no family close by. This behavior demonstrates that ethical values:

concern the treatment of others.

Several times, family members have asked a nurse to share personal prescriptions when they were in need of pain medication or antibiotics. Which type of rules or standards should govern the nurse's moral decision?

ethics

Which term is defined as a formal systematic study of moral beliefs?

ethics

A client had a total hip replacement earlier in the day. The nurse sits with the client to establish some goals. One goal they agree on is to ambulate 1 to 2 miles each day. This is an example of which type of goal?

long term goal

A longterm care facility's newest client refuses to attend group activities or social events offered by the facility. Which level of Maslow's hierarchy do social events address?

third: love and belonging needs

A nurse saw a coworker steal drugs from a locked cabinet. The supervisor notices the missing drugs and has a good idea who is responsible for the theft. The supervisor asks if the nurse saw anything out of the ordinary. Which professional value reflects a nurse's duty to tell the truth?

veracity

Which of the following is accurate regarding wellness? Select all that apply. -One tries to maximize one's own health. -It requires a conscious commitment. -It is a specific health status with the absence of disease. -It is the result of adopting lifestyle behaviors for the attainment of one's highest potential. -Is the same for every person.

One tries to maximize one's own health. It requires a conscious commitment. It is the result of adopting lifestyle behaviors for the attainment of one's highest potential.

A hospital board of directors decides to close a pediatric burn treatment center (BTC) that annually admits 50 patients and to open a treatment center for terminally ill AIDS patients (with an expected annual admission of 200). This decision means that the nearest BTC for children is now 300 miles away. What example of ethical reasoning is this decision consistent with?

Utilitarianism