Presenting Online

What is the mean of the group of numbers: 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 12, 27?

11

If you were giving a speech about a Japanese tsunami, and you quoted a local survivor on the hardships endured, you would be using ______ testimony.

peer

Which of the following would be considered an unbiased source for a speech on gun control?

New York Times

It can be especially helpful to use statistics in a speech when you are attempting to convince your audience of the existence of

a problem.

Compared to a real-time presentation, a recorded online speech is more likely to

mirror a speech given in a traditional classroom setting.

A real-time speech

should be adapted to work properly with a webcam.

You are giving a speech about school violence, and you briefly mention Columbine, Virginia Tech, and the Amish school shootings in a sentence. You are using

specific instances.

If you are giving a speech with many abstract ideas that are hard to explain, which of the following would be the best supporting material to use?

Examples

True or false: A TED talk is a type of real-time presentation.

False

True or false: Visual aids take too much time to use effectively in a speech.

False

Speakers have a(n) ______ responsibility to use testimonies accurately and effectively.

ethical

The technology used during an online speech

exposes the speech to an increased number of potential problems.

One of the most important steps when using statistics in a speech is to make sure that the numbers are

meaningful.

Gesturing, facial expressions, and eye movements during an online speech are all elements of

nonverbal communication.

Which of the following questions may be on a list about effectively using statistics in a speech?

Are my numbers from reliable sources? Do I relate the statistics to the audience? Do I use statistics to quantify ideas?

Which of the following are tips for creating good nonverbal online communication?

Make sure your eyes do not dart back and forth Look at the camera Use gestures that are controlled

What are the key points to keep in mind when using testimony in a speech?

Quote accurately Use qualified sources Paraphrase accurately Use unbiased sources

Maizie is going to give a real-time presentation next week. She has given recorded online speeches before, but this is her first real-time presentation. How is it likely to differ from her previous online speeches?

She will not be able to edit her mistakes before the audience sees them.

What is the best way to present a series of statistics during a speech?

Simple graph

In a speech about childhood obesity, Terence told the story of the real-life case of a young girl who spent her time watching television and eating junk food. He went into detail about how the young girl ended up in this situation. This type of supporting material is defined as

an extended example

A hypothetical example is an example that describes

an imaginary or fictitious situation.

A real-life case used to illustrate or represent a group of people, ideas, conditions, experiences, or the like is called a(n)

example.

What is one way to lend credibility to a speech?

Mentioning the sources of statistics

Which of the following are ways to enhance your delivery of extended examples during a speech?

Use eye contact Vary the speed at which you speak Vary your voice volume

How do visual aids factor into the pacing of an online speech?

Visual aids should be introduced after the speaker has become established on the screen.

Certain types of examples can personalize your ideas by adding ______ interest to them.

human

In addition to quoting or paraphrasing text accurately from supporting material, it is important both for ethical reasons and for credibility to

identify your sources aloud in a speech.

An important use of examples is to ______ your ideas.

reinforce

An effective delivery for a persuasive online speech should be

sincere and personable.

Numbers, especially large numbers, can be hard for listeners to

visualize.

Which of the following are guidelines for the effective use of statistics?

Explain any statistics that are used. Use statistics sparingly. Use visual aids to clarify statistical trends.

Patty is preparing a speech on tourism in island countries in the Caribbean. She suspects there might be a relationship between visitor totals to particular island countries and outbreaks of disease. Keeping in mind the importance of obtaining statistics from a reliable source, from which of the following should Patty first seek the data on disease rates for specific Caribbean island countries?

World Health Organization

A speaker should be wary of testimony from self-interested, or ______, sources.

biased

An effective format for a persuasive speech, either online or in person, is

Monroe's motivated sequence.

What is the number 421,113,603,533 when rounded?

421 billion

Which of the following questions should be asked when evaluating the validity of statistics?

Are the statistics from a reliable source? Are statistical measures used correctly? Are the statistics from a large enough sample? Are the statistics representative?

Polly is giving a speech about the world economy. She offers interesting statistics about the gross domestic product of several countries, all of which are in the billions of dollars. How could Polly have improved her speech?

She could have translated the large numbers into terms listeners can relate to.

Examples used in speeches are used for which of the following purposes?

Clarify an idea Reinforce an idea Personalize an idea

True or false: You can only be found guilty of plagiarism when you quote material verbatim.

False

Suppose you want to use an example in your speech to describe what it is like to be a child advocate. Which of the following suggestions would make the example more effective?

Make it vivid and richly textured.

Using quotes accurately involves which of the following?

Making sure you do not quote out of context Making sure you do not skew the meaning of paraphrased statements Making sure you do not misquote anyone

Unlike a traditional speech, a speech presented in an online environment has which of the following challenges?

Online speakers are less able to determine if the audience is engaging with external distractions. Online speakers are less able to gauge audience responses. Online speeches lack direct eye contact.

If you quoted your sister about her experience at summer camp, you are using what type of testimony?

Peer testimony

______ is the term for using another person's ideas or words without giving credit to that person.

Plagiarism

Jenna used the following statistics in her speech about infectious diseases: 2,700 cases of Hepatitis A, 16 million parasitic diseases, 34,000 cases of Lyme disease. What did Jenna do before she presented these numbers to her audience?

Rounded them off

Tansie was preparing a speech about the value of final exams for high school seniors. To gather some statistics, she asked 10 of her girlfriends in the junior class for their opinion. Six were against final exams, and four supported them. Why are Tansie's statistics not usable?

She only asked 10 people, which is not a large enough sample. She only spoke with girls, which is not representative of the student body. She only spoke with juniors, which is not representative of the student body.

In a birthday toast to her husband, Sandra said, "Physical fitness expert Bonnie Prudden once said, 'You can't turn back the clock. But you can wind it up again.' So here's to many more years of winding!" Which of the following are reasons why Sandra used a direct quotation?

The direct quotation is witty and compelling. The quotation is brief and conveys what Sandra wants to say better than she can.

How are visual aids addressed when using Skype to make a real-time online presentation?

They can be displayed by means of a "share screen" feature.

Which of the following are good reasons for identifying the source of testimony that you provide in a speech?

To add credibility to the testimony given To give proper attribution and avoid plagiarism To help listeners determine if the source is biased

What is the main reason to use statistics in a speech?

To give your ideas numerical precision

In your speech, you discuss the health problems of obese children. Which of the following sources would be the most credible and reliable source of testimony?

U.S. Centers for Disease Control

What is one of the best ways for a speaker to explain a technical process or term to an audience?

Use an example

In her speech about the maternal mortality rate around the world, Hannah included the following: "According to the CIA's World Factbook, Sierra Leone has the highest death rate, at 1,360 per 100,000 live births. The Central African Republic follows, with 882. Chad and Nigeria are not far behind, at 856 and 814, respectively. The United States ranked 138th with a rate of 14 deaths per 100,000 live births." What did Hannah fail to do when using statistics in her speech?

Use numbers sparingly

When you use examples in your speeches, they should be which of the following?

Vivid Richly textured

Guidelines for both recorded and real-time online speeches include

adjusting the pace. remembering the audience. practicing repeatedly.

Darrell Huff, the author of How to Lie with Statistics, attempted to question the long-held belief that numbers

do not lie.

An expressive delivery is especially important when using ______ examples in a speech.

extended

Determining what angles and distances an online speech audience will see you from is known as

framing.

Rick explained, "Sue said that turning the faucet clockwise three times will stop the dripping." Carmen added, "Sue said, 'These rotations always fix the problem.'" If both Rick and Carmen were reporting accurately, then Rick ______ Sue, and Carmen ______ Sue.

paraphrased; quoted

Samantha explained her grandmother's trick for grilling hamburgers by saying, "To yield the juiciest burgers, my grandmother told me she would make a small impression on the top of the burger, then she would place a small ice cube in that indentation while the burger grills." Samantha was ______ her grandmother.

paraphrasing

When an example gives a human face or perspective to an abstract idea, it is said to ______ the idea.

personalize

Speakers who will present in an online environment must

practice with the equipment.

Among the tips for using statistics are to

use numbers sparingly. round off numbers. name the source of statistics.

Since you can't see your audience online, it is important to keep their interest by

utilizing visual aids. keeping the speech within time limits.

Changing the speed and tone of your _______ depending on the type of example you are giving can affect how listeners respond to your speech.

voice

When citing sources in your speech, you do not need to include all of the information that you would use in a written bibliography. What you include depends on

your topic. your audience. the kind of supporting material you are using. the claim you are making.

GoToMeeting, Skype, Zoom, and Adobe Connect are all examples of

software designed for real-time online speeches.

Brief examples are also called

specific instances.

One of the most important tips for using extended examples is to

work on expressive delivery.

What is the problem with the following numbers (25.7 inches, 62,789,499 people, 78.55 kilometers per hour) being used in a speech?

They are too complicated to be easily understood by listeners.

Speeches without examples generally come off as which of the following?

Vague Impersonal

"About 1.4 million shelter dogs are adopted each year" is an example of

a statistic.

Because numbers can be interpreted in many ways, what should a speaker avoid when including numbers in a speech?

Biased sources

Which of the following should you do to make sure your statistics are representative?

Different groups of a population sample must be in correct proportion. The sample size must be large enough.

What are the two major kinds of testimony?

Expert and Peer

Which of the following terms is used to describe quotations or paraphrases from an authority in a given field?

Expert testimony

What does a richly textured example supply that helps pull listeners into a speech?

Everyday details

True or false: It is generally better to use statistics from a company or an organization that has a vested interest in the figures.

False

True or false: Listeners do not generally care whether or not a speaker provides the source of his or her statistics.

False

Technical difficulties during a real-time online speech

are less severe when a backup plan is available.

A good method for starting a real-time online speech is to

confirm that the audience has audio and visual contact with the speaker.

In a real-time online speech,

the main concern with framing is determining the distance you should be from the webcam.

Some statistics are better understood when the audience can actually see them, such as in a graph. What are these types of support materials called?

Visual aids

In his speech, Joe says, "George Washington Carver, Lonnie G. Johnson, Percy Julian." By reciting a list like this that relates to his topic, Joe is using

brief examples.

Peer testimony works well in a speech when you need a statement from someone who has ______ on the topic.

experience

Darnell feels confident that his speech on the benefits of plastic shopping bags will be persuasive because of the testimony he will provide. This testimony comes from two expert witnesses: one who is the president of a successful plastics manufacturing company and one who is a research scientist conducting studies funded by the plastics industry. Should Darnell feel confident that his speech will be convincing?

No, because his testimony is likely to be biased by sources whose work depends on the plastics industry.

When there are major technological problems in presenting an online presentation, the speaker should do which of the following?

Offer to present the speech in a different format Share the text of the speech and allow the audience to make comments about it Offer to present the speech at a different time

When should you use statistics in a speech?

Only when needed

Examples that make the most impact on an audience are usually which of the following?

Specific Vivid Richly textured

When using statistics in a speech, a speaker should ensure which of the following?

That the statistics are representative of what they claim to measure

Seeing your online speech as a mental dialogue with listeners is an element of

considering the audience.

Making an effort to control the visual environment

helps to achieve an appearance or feeling with the desired level of formality.

According to 19th-century physicist Lord Kelvin, when a person can measure and express what they are speaking about in ______, they have proved that they know something about the topic.

numbers

Deciding when to show visual aids is primarily an aspect of

pacing.

A politician refers to a proposed new program as a "potentially tremendous disaster." The program's supporters quote the politician as saying it is "potentially tremendous." The supporters are

quoting out of context.

A vivid example can be very effective in reinforcing an idea in your speech, but for such a purpose you should be especially certain that it is a(n) ______ example and not an exceptional case.

representative

When someone presenting a real-time online presentation has a technical problem, the presenter

should consider alternate ways to get the material to the audience.

You have decided to take up running. You have a friend who has been running and coaching a long time. She tells you to go to a specialty store and look for lightweight, flexible running shoes rather than buying cheap shoes online, so you do. You were influenced by her

testimony.

When preparing an online speech, you must realize that

the environment will change many aspects of the presentation.

Controlling the visual environment and adjusting the pacing are two guidelines that apply

to both real-time and recorded online speeches.

To quote or paraphrase someone correctly, it is essential that you

do not misquote. do not quote out of context. do not violate the meaning of the statements being paraphrased.

Perry is going to deliver an online speech, and he wants to perfect his nonverbal communication, particularly his eye contact. Some tips he should bear in mind include

gazing straight into the camera. realizing that the camera makes eye movements more noticeable. making sure his eyes do not dart around.

Dani is in an online speech class, preparing for her final speech. She needs to realize that

her goal is to communicate with her audience.

When using testimony, it is best to make certain that the source

is qualified on the subject at hand. is unbiased.

Major elements of the visual environment include

lighting. setting. framing.

The mean, the median, and the ________ are basic statistical measures that determine characteristics of a given group of numbers.

mode

Ivan is giving a speech about global warming. He explains that an iceberg measuring about 2,200 square miles has recently gone adrift. He mentions that the iceberg is the size of Delaware and holds twice as much water used in the United States each year. Which of the following did Ivan do correctly in this example?

He explained the statistics in a way that would be meaningful to the audience. He provided a visual for large statistics.

Daniel is presenting his speech to his classmates. He uses examples, testimony, and statistics to support his ideas. He does not explain his sources during the speech, but he does show his bibliography on a PowerPoint slide at the end of the speech. What common error has Daniel made in his speech?

He failed to cite his sources orally.

Which type of example always describes an imaginary, nonfactual, situation?

Hypothetical

What are three other names for extended examples?

Illustrations Anecdotes Narratives

Harry is giving a speech in class on endangered species. He has conducted a significant amount of research and includes some of the data he found in his speech. How else could Harry lend credibility to the information he is reporting?

Include quotations from experts on endangered species

Which of the following statements about expert testimony are true?

It lends credibility to your speeches. It is especially important to use when your speech is on a controversial topic.

Rey's instructor tells him to practice his speech by placing chairs around the room with a sticky note on each one. Why did the instructor tell Rey to do this?

It will help Rey visualize an actual audience.

Anne is presenting budget information to the corporate office in another city via an online presentation. On the day of the speech, she discovers that the corporate office is unable to hear what she is saying because the audiovisual equipment in their conference room isn't working properly. Which of the following would be effective options for Anne to communicate with her colleagues?

Postponing the meeting to allow the equipment to be fixed Arranging an audio-only conference call with different equipment E-mailing her colleagues the outline of the speech

When giving a speech about homelessness, Trina describes Jules, the youngest child of a family of four, all of whom have been living on the streets for six months. She talks about how Jules has never had a bedtime story read to him or a warm breakfast to wake up to. Trina is using this example to ______ the ideas in her speech.

support personalize

Quotations or paraphrases from trusted sources that are used to support a point are known as

testimony.