Principles of Law Enforcement Test 3
The Office of Community Policing Services (COPS) is part of the
NIJ
An annual event in which citizens are encouraged to turn on outside lighting and step outside their homes for an hour in the evening to get to know their neighbors is called
National Night out
National Night Out is in effect:
Once a year
Data on what occurs when an officer encounters a citizen - when the officer is either on an assignment from the dispatcher or on self-initiated activities - can be best retrieved from researcher observations
TRue
According to research, red light cameras that target traffic violators seem to reduce the occurrence of traffic violations at that location
True
Police departments are restricting the use of pursuits and using alternative methods to catch the individuals who attempt to elude police officers
True
Predictive policing involves linking data and clues to potential suspects or victims by indentifying at-risk groups, individuals and locations
True
The Kansas City study demonstrated that adding or taking away police patrols from an area made no difference within the community
True
The Kansas City study indicated that our traditional three cornerstones of policing might not be the most effective way to do police work
True
Many believe that modern community policing began with James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling's article "_________": The Police and Neighborhood Safety
Broken Windows
The Regional Community Policing (RCPIs) are part of the _____ program
COPS
DARE is a program aimed at:
Children
Distracted drivers are able to multi-task effectively while driving
Falase
According to Jonathan Adkins, the next big issue in highway safety is speed enforcement
False
At the conclusion of the Kansas City study, everyone in the community knew that an experiment regarding policing had been conducted in his or her community
False
Decoy operations involve using occupied vehicles in strategic locations to give the perception of omnipresence
False
Police officers are never allowed to use potentially deadly force to end a high-speed chase of a suspect, even if the suspect's actions risk the safety of other drivers and pedestrians
False
Rapid response to 911 calls works better discovery crimes than in involvement crimes
False
Research during the past 20 years has pointed out that we can depend on television portrayals for realistic examples of police work.
False
The Newark foot patrol study concluded that foot patrols do not make citizens feel safer
False
The concept of problem-solving policing can be attributed to
Herman Goldstein
One of the primary purposes of police patrol is to prevent crime by creating a sense of
omnipresence
Marvin Wolfgang discovered that most predatory street crime in the United States is committed by
only a few criminals
The MCI program is designed to put most of an investigator's time and effort into
only very important cases and cases that actually can be solved
According to the author, the police should be seen by the community as
part of the community
The Police Explorer program is aimed at youths interested in
police work
James Q. Wilson said that the police "probably exaggerate the extent of citizen hostility" when acknowledging the fact that police feel that the public does not like or support them, even when the 2016 Gallup poll indicated that the attitudes of both white and non-white citizens toward the polce were
positive
Analyzing crime issues to determine the underlying problems and addressing those underlying problems is referred to as:
problem-solving policing
Programs concentrating investigative resources on career criminals are called:
repeat offender programs
Prior to the Rand study, it was common for police departments to have policies and procedures in place that emphasized:
retroactive investigations by detectives of past crimes
Detectives in a centralized squad are considered ____________________.
specialists
Officers practicing incident-driven policing:
tend to respond to similar incidents at the same location numerous times
The biggest recent threat to community policing and, consequently, the biggest criticism of community policing initiatives is
the inability to keep police departments fully staffed and to keep the money flowing to these initiatives
One of the newest forms of aggressive driving known to post a public safety threat is motorcycle swarms
true
Probelm-oriented policing involves officers dealing with the
underlyng causes of the incidents
The National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals recommended that detectives should be assigned only to preliminary investigations of
very serious or complex preliminary investigations
During the 1990s, the crime rates across the country:
went down at an unprecedented rate
Based on recent national polls, all of the following gave police high ratings except _________________.
young people
Nationally, police are only able to clear _______ percent of all property crimes reported to them
19
In what decade did increases in crime, technological advances, and changes in police management thinking lead to the reduction of police foot patrols and their resultant ties to the community
1960s
More than ____________________ RCPIs provide regional community policing training and technical assistance to law enforcement around the country.
30
As many as ____ million people are victims of violent or property crime in the United States annually
31
Nationally, police are able to clear only _______ percent of all violent crimes reported to them
46.0
A study by Florida State University released in 2006 found that offenders tracked by GPS were ____________________ percent less likely to abscond or reoffend than those not monitored.
90
Texas State University-San Marcos worked with the San Marcos, Texas, Police Department to develop the ________ campaign
Achieving Community Together (ACT)
Most of the tension between police officers and members of minority groups has focused on police relationships with:
African Americans
Crime Stoppers originated in
Albuquerque, New Mexico
In a case enhancement program, detectives______
All of these choices
In jurisdictions with populations greater than 100,000, approximately 7 percent of police contacts involve ________, which can be some of the most dangerous calls that officers face
mentally ill
The premise of smart policing is that agencies themselves are in the best position to know their specific crime problems.
True
Typically, the larger urban departments such as New York, Chicago, Washington, D.C., and Los Angeles have deployed two-officer cars, and most suburban and rural departments prefer one-officer cars
True
A specific type of saturation patrol is a crackdown, which generally targets a specific violation of the law, such as a traffic violation
Ture
Many large cities, faced with rising crime problems, are eager to hire administrators who are familiar with CompStat and "broken windows" policing, and who served under this successful police chief
William Bratton
Dressing as and playing the role of a potential crime victim is known as:
a decoy operation
In a 2016 nationwide poll asking people how much respect they have in the police, 76 percent answered
a great deal
McGruff, the crime dog, and the "Take a Bite Out of Crime" program is an example of:
a police mass media campaign
Entrapment is a(n) _______ defense
affirmative
A well-rounded chaplain program will attempt to have representatives from _____ religious groups.
all local
Another name for Neighborhood Watch programs is
all of these choices
Crime Stoppers is a program in which police typically
ask television and radio stations to publicize a "crime of the week" so citizens can call tips into a special police phone number
Plainclothes officers' efforts to blend into an area and attempt to catch a criminal are called
blending
Recently, social media has played a valuable role in the crime fight as well as _____ between the police departments and their clients.
building relationships
Community-oriented policing strategies have proven successful in
cities of all sizes
Non-police who volunteer to walk the streets or drive around in cars to alert police to possible crimes or area criminals are participating in ______.?
citizen patrols
An investigative unit that reexamines cold cases that have remained unsolved is called a
cold-case squad
The Executive Sessions on Policing focused and debated on the use and price of
community policing
A very early attempt at community policing involving the development of decentralized neighborhood-based precincts that served as "storefront" police stations was tried in what city
detroit
In the proactive group in the Kansas City study, the police presence was
doubled or tripled
The MCI program involves all of the following except
enhanced patrol techniques
According to the author, one of the best ways to improve relationships between the police and minority groups is to
ensure that minority groups are adequately represented in a jurisdiction's police department
A legal defense that holds that police originated the criminal idea or initiated the criminal action is called:
entrapment
David L. Carter of Michigan State University explains that community policing:
evolved over time from research conducted by a wife range of scholars
In "broken windows" and Police discretion, George L. Kelling notes that the community policing model ________ the use of police discretion among officers at all levels of the organization
expands and encourages
It is impossible to conduct a controlled experiment to study the effectiveness of certain types of police patrol
false
in the 1960's, changes in police management led to the abandonment of
foot patrol
Detectives in a decentralized squad are considered ____________________.
generalists
Everything done with each other as human beings in all kinds of relationships is the definition of:
human relations
According to Herman Goldstein, traditional policing is ___________.
incident driven
Community-oriented policing is an approach toward crime that addresses the underlying causes of crime and endeavors to apply__________ problem solving to the issue through improved police-community relationships
long-term
Decoy operations are most effective in detecting and arresting all of the following except:
murderers