Principles of Law Enforcement Test 3

The Office of Community Policing Services (COPS) is part of the

NIJ

An annual event in which citizens are encouraged to turn on outside lighting and step outside their homes for an hour in the evening to get to know their neighbors is called

National Night out

National Night Out is in effect:

Once a year

Data on what occurs when an officer encounters a citizen - when the officer is either on an assignment from the dispatcher or on self-initiated activities - can be best retrieved from researcher observations

TRue

According to research, red light cameras that target traffic violators seem to reduce the occurrence of traffic violations at that location

True

Police departments are restricting the use of pursuits and using alternative methods to catch the individuals who attempt to elude police officers

True

Predictive policing involves linking data and clues to potential suspects or victims by indentifying at-risk groups, individuals and locations

True

The Kansas City study demonstrated that adding or taking away police patrols from an area made no difference within the community

True

The Kansas City study indicated that our traditional three cornerstones of policing might not be the most effective way to do police work

True

Many believe that modern community policing began with James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling's article "_________": The Police and Neighborhood Safety

Broken Windows

The Regional Community Policing (RCPIs) are part of the _____ program

COPS

DARE is a program aimed at:

Children

Distracted drivers are able to multi-task effectively while driving

Falase

According to Jonathan Adkins, the next big issue in highway safety is speed enforcement

False

At the conclusion of the Kansas City study, everyone in the community knew that an experiment regarding policing had been conducted in his or her community

False

Decoy operations involve using occupied vehicles in strategic locations to give the perception of omnipresence

False

Police officers are never allowed to use potentially deadly force to end a high-speed chase of a suspect, even if the suspect's actions risk the safety of other drivers and pedestrians

False

Rapid response to 911 calls works better discovery crimes than in involvement crimes

False

Research during the past 20 years has pointed out that we can depend on television portrayals for realistic examples of police work.

False

The Newark foot patrol study concluded that foot patrols do not make citizens feel safer

False

The concept of problem-solving policing can be attributed to

Herman Goldstein

One of the primary purposes of police patrol is to prevent crime by creating a sense of

omnipresence

Marvin Wolfgang discovered that most predatory street crime in the United States is committed by

only a few criminals

The MCI program is designed to put most of an investigator's time and effort into

only very important cases and cases that actually can be solved

According to the author, the police should be seen by the community as

part of the community

The Police Explorer program is aimed at youths interested in

police work

James Q. Wilson said that the police "probably exaggerate the extent of citizen hostility" when acknowledging the fact that police feel that the public does not like or support them, even when the 2016 Gallup poll indicated that the attitudes of both white and non-white citizens toward the polce were

positive

Analyzing crime issues to determine the underlying problems and addressing those underlying problems is referred to as:

problem-solving policing

Programs concentrating investigative resources on career criminals are called:

repeat offender programs

Prior to the Rand study, it was common for police departments to have policies and procedures in place that emphasized:

retroactive investigations by detectives of past crimes

Detectives in a centralized squad are considered ____________________.

specialists

Officers practicing incident-driven policing:

tend to respond to similar incidents at the same location numerous times

The biggest recent threat to community policing and, consequently, the biggest criticism of community policing initiatives is

the inability to keep police departments fully staffed and to keep the money flowing to these initiatives

One of the newest forms of aggressive driving known to post a public safety threat is motorcycle swarms

true

Probelm-oriented policing involves officers dealing with the

underlyng causes of the incidents

The National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals recommended that detectives should be assigned only to preliminary investigations of

very serious or complex preliminary investigations

During the 1990s, the crime rates across the country:

went down at an unprecedented rate

Based on recent national polls, all of the following gave police high ratings except _________________.

young people

Nationally, police are only able to clear _______ percent of all property crimes reported to them

19

In what decade did increases in crime, technological advances, and changes in police management thinking lead to the reduction of police foot patrols and their resultant ties to the community

1960s

More than ____________________ RCPIs provide regional community policing training and technical assistance to law enforcement around the country.

30

As many as ____ million people are victims of violent or property crime in the United States annually

31

Nationally, police are able to clear only _______ percent of all violent crimes reported to them

46.0

A study by Florida State University released in 2006 found that offenders tracked by GPS were ____________________ percent less likely to abscond or reoffend than those not monitored.

90

Texas State University-San Marcos worked with the San Marcos, Texas, Police Department to develop the ________ campaign

Achieving Community Together (ACT)

Most of the tension between police officers and members of minority groups has focused on police relationships with:

African Americans

Crime Stoppers originated in

Albuquerque, New Mexico

In a case enhancement program, detectives______

All of these choices

In jurisdictions with populations greater than 100,000, approximately 7 percent of police contacts involve ________, which can be some of the most dangerous calls that officers face

mentally ill

The premise of smart policing is that agencies themselves are in the best position to know their specific crime problems.

True

Typically, the larger urban departments such as New York, Chicago, Washington, D.C., and Los Angeles have deployed two-officer cars, and most suburban and rural departments prefer one-officer cars

True

A specific type of saturation patrol is a crackdown, which generally targets a specific violation of the law, such as a traffic violation

Ture

Many large cities, faced with rising crime problems, are eager to hire administrators who are familiar with CompStat and "broken windows" policing, and who served under this successful police chief

William Bratton

Dressing as and playing the role of a potential crime victim is known as:

a decoy operation

In a 2016 nationwide poll asking people how much respect they have in the police, 76 percent answered

a great deal

McGruff, the crime dog, and the "Take a Bite Out of Crime" program is an example of:

a police mass media campaign

Entrapment is a(n) _______ defense

affirmative

A well-rounded chaplain program will attempt to have representatives from _____ religious groups.

all local

Another name for Neighborhood Watch programs is

all of these choices

Crime Stoppers is a program in which police typically

ask television and radio stations to publicize a "crime of the week" so citizens can call tips into a special police phone number

Plainclothes officers' efforts to blend into an area and attempt to catch a criminal are called

blending

Recently, social media has played a valuable role in the crime fight as well as _____ between the police departments and their clients.

building relationships

Community-oriented policing strategies have proven successful in

cities of all sizes

Non-police who volunteer to walk the streets or drive around in cars to alert police to possible crimes or area criminals are participating in ______.?

citizen patrols

An investigative unit that reexamines cold cases that have remained unsolved is called a

cold-case squad

The Executive Sessions on Policing focused and debated on the use and price of

community policing

A very early attempt at community policing involving the development of decentralized neighborhood-based precincts that served as "storefront" police stations was tried in what city

detroit

In the proactive group in the Kansas City study, the police presence was

doubled or tripled

The MCI program involves all of the following except

enhanced patrol techniques

According to the author, one of the best ways to improve relationships between the police and minority groups is to

ensure that minority groups are adequately represented in a jurisdiction's police department

A legal defense that holds that police originated the criminal idea or initiated the criminal action is called:

entrapment

David L. Carter of Michigan State University explains that community policing:

evolved over time from research conducted by a wife range of scholars

In "broken windows" and Police discretion, George L. Kelling notes that the community policing model ________ the use of police discretion among officers at all levels of the organization

expands and encourages

It is impossible to conduct a controlled experiment to study the effectiveness of certain types of police patrol

false

in the 1960's, changes in police management led to the abandonment of

foot patrol

Detectives in a decentralized squad are considered ____________________.

generalists

Everything done with each other as human beings in all kinds of relationships is the definition of:

human relations

According to Herman Goldstein, traditional policing is ___________.

incident driven

Community-oriented policing is an approach toward crime that addresses the underlying causes of crime and endeavors to apply__________ problem solving to the issue through improved police-community relationships

long-term

Decoy operations are most effective in detecting and arresting all of the following except:

murderers