Principles of Management (Multiple Choice)

growth

Existence, relatedness, and _____ are three sets of needs postulated by ERG. A) goals B) growth C) guard D) group E) guidance

power

Gary has a strong desire to control other people. According to McClelland, this could be described as a need for A) affiliation. B) achievement. C) power. D) equity. E) safety.

Can speed decisions and cut costs.

Identify an advantage of the matrix structure. A) Reduced confusion as people do not have a single superior. B) Discourages managers who share subordinates to jockey for power. C) Everyone must be consulted for every decision. D) Can speed decisions and cut costs.

Lateral leadership

Identify the leadership style in which colleagues at the same hierarchical level are invited to collaborate and facilitate joint problem solving. A) Lateral leadership B) Servant-leadership C) Bridge leadership D) Shared leadership

Serves customers faster.

Identify the primary advantage of customer/regional approaches to departmentalization. A) Most flexible structure. B) Serves customers faster. C) Drastically reduces cost. D) Avoids duplication of activities

can help raise all aspects of organization performance

Incentives A) do nothing to raise organization performance. B) can help raise all aspects of organization performance. C) are an added burden to almost all organizations. D) rarely encourage and motivate employees to be more productive.

compensation policy of organization

Internal factors affecting the wage mix include A) area wage rates. B) collective bargaining. C) legal requirements. D) compensation policy of organization. E) cost of living.

enrichment

Job _____ means that jobs are restructured or redesigned by adding higher levels of responsibility. A) enlargement B) enrichment C) rotation D) hygiene E) assembly

enrichment

Job _____ refers to changing a task to make it inherently more rewarding, motivating, and satisfying. A) enlargement B) rotation C) enhancement D) enrichment E) horizontal loading

job descriptions; job specifications

Job analysis provides ___________ and ____________. A) job descriptions; job specifications B) orientation training; development training C) recruitment needs; selection tools D) performance appraisal; outplacement E) benefit programs; assessment center

continuous improvement.

Kaizen is also referred to as A) continuous improvement. B) simultaneous engineering. C) lean manufacturing. D) mass customization. E) economies of scope.

behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated.

Law of effect states that A) behavior that is followed by positive consequences will likely be repeated. B) every action has an equal and opposite reaction. C) a body in motion remains in motion. D) behavior that is followed by extinction will always be repeated. E) negative consequences motivate behavior.

results

MBO is one approach to ________ appraisals. A) trait B) behavioral C) results D) personality E) leadership

country club management

Managers who score high on concern for people and low on concern for production demonstrate _____ leadership styles, according to the Leadership Grid. A) country club management B) team management C) authority-compliance D) middle of the road management E) impoverished management

mentor

Mark, a senior VP at ABC helps ensure that high-potential employees are introduced to top management and socialized into the norms and values of the organization. Mark can be described as a(n) A) unethical manager. B) ineffective vice president. C) coach. D) mentor. E) manager who has hit the glass ceiling.

one out of every four

Minorities and immigrants hold approximately _____ jobs in the United States. A) one out of every two B) two out of every three C) four out of every ten D) one out of every twenty-five E) one out of every four

flexible factories.

Notch, Inc. has manufacturing plants that have short production runs, are organized around products, and use decentralized scheduling. These plants can be described as A) simultaneous engineering. B) JIT operations. C) flexible factories. D) lean manufacturing. E) large batches.

Consult the group

Raj, a manager at Zink Co., always presents the problem to his group members in suggestions, and then makes the decisions himself. According to Vroom, Raj is using which leader decision style? A) Delegate B) Decide C) Consult individually D) Facilitate E) Consult the group

negative reinforcement

Removing or withholding an undesirable consequence is A) negative reinforcement. B) punishment. C) positive reinforcement. D) the law of effect. E) extinction.

hit the glass ceiling

Rosalie reached the level of regional manager at Bike Tools Etc. nine years ago. Three of her counterparts have been promoted to vice president level. Although Rosalie has more experience and better performance numbers, she has not been promoted. As a matter of fact, white males occupy all senior positions at Bike Tools Etc. Rosalie appears to have A) a problem of quid pro quo harassment. B) inappropriate skills. C) mentoring relationship problems. D) hit the glass ceiling. E) a hostile work environment.

Self-actualization

Sarah is driven by becoming everything she is capable of being. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of these needs is a powerful motivator for Sarah? A) Self-actualization B) Physiological C) Safety D) Ego E) Social

behavioral description

The _____ interview explores what candidates have actually done in the past. A) situational B) directive C) behavioral description D) follow-up E) hypothetical

pay structure

The decision that prices different jobs within the organization is A) pay structure. B) reliability. C) individual. D) validity. E) pay level.

validity

The degree to which a selection test predicts or correlates with job performance is called A) validity. B) job analysis. C) assessment center appraisal. D) reliability. E) 360 degree appraisal.

Equal Pay Act

The law that prohibits gender based pay discrimination between two jobs substantially similar in skill, effort, responsibility, and working conditions is A) Title VII of Civil Right Act. B) Age discrimination in Employment Act. C) Family and Medical Leave Act. D) Equal Pay Act. E) Americans with Disabilities Act.

communication problems.

The most common negative effect of diversity is A) lack of cohesiveness. B) mistrust and tension. C) stereotyping. D) organizational flexibility. E) communication problems.

instrumentality

The perceived likelihood that performance will be followed by a particular outcome is A) valence. B) instrumentality. C) expectancy. D) the law of effect. E) equity.

"If you were the customer, how would you like us to operate?"

The principal idea of reengineering is to revolutionize key organizational systems and processes to answer the question, A) "How can we make minor organizational changes here and there?" B) "If you were the customer, how would you like us to operate?" C) "What do you think would affect productivity levels in an operation like this?" D) "What is the most effective way for us to operate?" E) "How can we make major organizational changes cost effectively?"

arbitration

The use of a neutral third party to resolve labor dispute is called A) union shop. B) needs assessment. C) outplacement D) arbitration. E) assessment center

good for people and good for the bottom line

Transformational leadership is A) good for people and bad for the bottom line. B) bad for people and good for the bottom line. C) bad for people and bad for the bottom line. D) good for people and good for the bottom line.

procedural justice

Using fair process in decision making and making sure that others know that the process was as fair as possible is A) quality of work life. B) job satisfaction. C) procedural justice. D) psychological contract. E) expectancy.

Achieving work goals

What do task performance behaviors focus on? A) Achieving work goals. B) Ensuring satisfaction of group members. C) Developing and maintain harmonious work relationships D) Preserving the social stability of the group.

46

What percent of women currently make up the workforce? A) 46 B) 83 C) 62 D) 26 E) 71

Task performance

What type of behaviors are actions taken to ensure that the work group or organization reaches its goals? A) Leader-member exchange B) Group maintenance C) Task performance D) Strategic leadership E) Autocratic leadership

Organizations today seek new ways to reduce benefits costs.

Which of the following observations is true? A) Benefits costs are receiving less management attention. B) Organizations today seek new ways to reduce benefits costs. C) During the past two decades, benefits costs have risen slower than wages and salaries. D) Benefits costs have reduced due to rapid advances in medical care.

Goals can be set for anything that is important

Which of the following observations is true? A) Goals cannot be set for innovation. B) Goals can be set for speed and quality alone. C) Goals cannot be set for service. D) Goals can be set for anything that is important.

Intrinsic rewards and the freedom to be creative

Which of these are considered keys to innovation? A) Extrinsic motivators and focus on bottom line B) Intrinsic rewards and the freedom to be creative C) Best practices and strict supervision D) Specialization and extrinsic motivations

Assessment center

Which of these is a managerial performance test in which candidates participate in a variety of exercises and situations? A) Cognitive ability tests B) Assessment center C) Drug testing D) Personality tests E) Integrity tests

Followership

Which of these is not a criterion for the Baldrige Award? A) Process management B) Strategic quality planning C) Knowledge management D) Workforce focus E) Followership

Interviews

Which of these is the most popular selection tool? A) Personality tests B) Performance tests C) Interviews D) Drug testing E) Cognitive ability tests

They have the potential to achieve real results

Which of these is true of job enrichment and empowerment? A) They work magic overnight B) People rarely resist the new approaches. C) They have the potential to achieve real results. D) People rarely make mistakes along the way.

Improves employee quality

Which of these is true of training? A) Negatively affects speed of operations. B) Reduces innovation. C) Improves employee quality. D) Reduces long-term profits.

Expert and referent

Which of these powers are considered "personal" powers? A) Reward and coercive B) Referent and legitimate C) Legitimate and reward D) Reward and expert E) Expert and referent

Effective feedback

Which of these raises employee performance? A) Hierarchy B) Fear C) Setting low standards D) Effective feedback

Economies of scope

Which of these refers to economies in which materials and processes employed in one product can be used to make other, related products? A) Lean manufacturing B) Economies of scope C) Flexible factories D) Economies of scale E) Simultaneous engineering

Often speeds decision making.

Which of these would you commonly associate with decentralization? A) More decisions made at higher levels. B) More valuable when departments have conflicting goals. C) Often speeds decision making. D) Important decisions usually are made at the top.

outplacement

While laying off 160 employees in a cost cutting move, Peel and Seal, Inc. is also helping these laid-off employees regain employment elsewhere. This is referred to as A) right-to-work process. B) assessment center. C) flexible benefit program. D) comparable worth. E) outplacement.

quid pro quo

William was denied promotion because he rejected the sexual advances from his boss, Reba. This appears to be a case of _____ harassment. A) gender-based B) quid pro quo C) religious D) hostile environment E) reverse discrimination

Supervisory leadership

Yogi provides guidance, support, and corrective feedback for the day-to-day activities of his work unit members. Yogi can be described as providing which of these? A) Strategic leadership B) Directive leadership C) Supervisory leadership D) Charismatic leadership E) Authoritarian leadership

People with disabilities

_____ are the largest unemployed minority in the United States. A) Women B) African Americans C) People with disabilities D) Hispanics E) Asian Americans

Individual incentive plans

_____ are the most common type of incentive plan. A) Individual incentive plans B) Gainsharing plans C) Profit-sharing plans D) Group incentive plans E) Merit pay systems

Effort-performance linkage

_____ describes expectancy. A) Performance-outcome linkage B) Performance-effort linkage C) Effort-outcome linkage D) Effort-performance linkage E) Instrumentality-valence linkage

A vision

_____ is a mental image of a possible and desirable future state of the organization. A) A vision B) A trait C) Power D) Leadership E) A strategy

Logistics

_____ is the movement of resources into the organization, and products from the organization to its customers. A) Lean manufacturing B) Logistics C) Simultaneous engineering D) JIT operations E) Rightsizing

Network organization

_____ structure can improve cost, quality, service, speed, and innovation. A) Network organization B) Functional organization C) Divisional organization D) Matrix organization

Development

________ involves teaching managers and professional employees broader skills needed for their present and future jobs. A) Outplacement B) Development C) Assessment center D) Training E) MBO

Transformational

__________ leaders get people to transcend their personal interests for the sake of the larger community. A) Autocratic B) Charismatic C) Democratic D) Transformational E) Transactional

is often violated

"Make sure that you reward the right things, not the wrong things." This principle A) is often violated. B) is always upheld. C) is never upheld. D) never works in practice.

corporation.

A key player in the strategic triangle is the A) supplier. B) distributor. C) freighter. D) corporation. E) alliance.

laissez-faire

A leadership philosophy characterized by an absence of managerial decision making is called _____ style. A) autocratic B) democratic C) participation D) laissez-faire E) empowering

charismatic

A(n) _____ leader is a person who is dominant, self-confident, convinced of the moral righteousness of his/her beliefs, and able to arouse a sense of excitement and adventure in followers. A) charismatic B) autocratic C) democratic D) transactional E) task-directed

directive

A(n) _____ leadership style is more appropriate for highly authoritarian people. A) supportive B) participative C) achievement-oriented D) directive E) delegating

pluralistic organization

A(n)____ is an organization that has a relatively diverse employee population and makes an effort to involve employees from different gender, racial, or cultural backgrounds. A) pluralistic organization B) cross-border firm C) EEOC D) mentored organization E) unitary organization

Recognition

According to Herzberg, which of these can be classified as a motivator? A) Company policies B) Working conditions C) Pay D) Supervision E) Recognition

small batch

According to Woodward, technologies that produce goods and services in low volume are called ________ technologies. A) continuous process B) large batch C) small batch D) CIM E) JIT

Sweden

Achievement, growth, and self-actualization are profoundly important in all of these countries except A) Great Britain. B) Sweden. C) the U.S. D) Canada. E) Japan.

honesty.

All of the following are personality characteristics that distinguish effective leaders from other people except A) self-confidence. B) integrity. C) drive. D) honesty. E) knowledge of the business.

directive leadership is appropriate if tasks already are well structured.

All of the following are true except A) directive leadership is appropriate if tasks already are well structured. B) directive leadership will create greater dissatisfaction if the task and the authority or rule system are dissatisfying. C) supportive leadership is less important if the primary work group provides social support to its members. D) if the task or authority system is dissatisfying, supportive leadership is especially appropriate, because it offers one positive source of gratification in an otherwise negative situation. E) a directive style is more appropriate when subordinates' ability is low.

essentially gives the subordinate a less important job.

All of the following are true of effective delegation except A) raises the quality of subordinates. B) raises the quality of service subordinates provide to coworkers. C) essentially gives the subordinate a less important job. D) leverages the manager's energy and talent.

African American workforce is growing the fastest in the United States followed by Asian and Hispanic workforces.

All of the following statements are true except A) African American workforce is growing the fastest in the United States followed by Asian and Hispanic workforces. B) by 2020, most of California's entry-level workers will be Hispanic. C) the younger Americans are, the more likely they are to be persons of color. D) three in ten college enrollees are people of color. E) foreign-born workers make up more than 15 percent of the U.S. civilian labor force.

qualitative

All of these are what goals need to be in order for them to be motivating except being A) specific. B) measurable. C) acceptable. D) challenging and attainable. E) qualitative.

increased cycle times

All of these concepts except _____ are included in JIT. A) increased cycle times B) elimination of waste C) perfect quality D) value-added manufacturing E) employee involvement

delegating

All of these except _____ are pertinent leadership behaviors, according to path-goal theory. A) directive B) delegating C) supportive D) participative E) achievement-oriented

transformational leaders avoid using intellectual stimulation.

All of these skills or strategies contribute to transformational leadership except A) transformational leaders have a vision. B) transformational leaders communicate their vision. C) transformational leaders build trust. D) transformational leaders have a positive self-regard. E) transformational leaders avoid using intellectual stimulation.

mechanistic.

An organization that seeks to maximize internal efficiency is A) mechanistic. B) network. C) organic. D) flexible factories. E) time-based.

skill variety

At Rolling Ball, Inc., employees decide what skills they need and grade themselves on their performance. This is an example of A) skill variety. B) task identity. C) task significance. D) autonomy. E) feedback.

coercive

Beth, a production line manager at Priceless Pets Inc., recently implemented a tardiness policy that administers disciplinary actions to offending employees. Beth is said to be exercising _____ power. A) reward B) coercive C) expert D) referent E) connection

rightsizing.

Carl's Coal recently announced that they would be eliminating 300 jobs in an effort to turn profitable and cope with competition. This action is referred to as A) simultaneous engineering. B) time-based competition. C) survivor's syndrome. D) reengineering. E) rightsizing.

demand forecasts

Conducting ___________ is the most difficult part of HR planning. A) performance appraisals B) demand forecasts C) applicant interviews D) selection tools choice E) employee training