Project Management (CH9)

What are the bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as? Answers: a. growth b. self-actualization c. deficiency d. safety

deficiency

The main outputs of which process are team performance assessments, change requests, and updates to several documents? Answers: a. human resource planning b. acquiring the project team c. managing the project team d. developing the project team

developing the project team

What is the first step in the framework for defining and assigning work? Answers: a. finalizing the project requirements b. assigning work responsibilities c. defining how the work will be accomplished d. breaking down the work into manageable elements

finalizing the project requirements

What need is at the highest level in Maslow's structure? Answers: a. growth b. deficiency c. safety d. physiological

growth

Which type of intelligence involves the capacity to understand the motivations, intentions and desires of others? Answers: a. emotional b. intrapersonal c. interpersonal d. human

interpersonal

Which process involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance? Answers: a. acquiring the project team b. developing the human resource plan c. managing the project team d. developing the project team

managing the project team

Which concept refers to matching certain behaviors of the other person? Answers: a. rapport b. synergy c. mirroring d. empathic listening

mirroring

In the Tuckman model, what occurs when the emphasis is on reaching the team goals, rather than working on team process? Answers: a. performing b. norming c. forming d. storming

performing

What needs are at the bottom of Maslow's structure? Answers: a. social b. physiological c. self-actualization d. esteem

physiological

According to McClelland's acquired-needs theory, what do people who want to direct others, and can be seen as bossy, have a need for? Answers: a. achievement b. power c. advancement d. affiliation

power

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the ability to improve a worker's position? Answers: a. promotion b. expertise c. assignment d. penalty

promotion

What term is used for the relation of harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity? Answers: a. empathy b. rapport c. democracy d. mirroring

rapport

According to Herzberg, which is a motivational factor? Answers: a. training b. health benefits c. recognition d. salary

recognition

Which type of power is based on an individual's personal charisma? Answers: a. reward b. referent c. legitimate d. coercive

referent

Which tool is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to a project over time? Answers: a. organizational breakdown structure b. resource histogram c. responsibility assignment matrix d. RACI charts

resource histogram

Which term refers to the amount of individual resources an existing schedule requires during specific time periods? Answers: a. resource histogram b. resource logs c. resource leveling d. resource loading

resource loading

Which type of power involves using incentives to induce people to do things? Answers: a. legitimate b. referent c. reward d. coercive

reward

What is at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? Answers: a. self-actualization b. social c. esteem d. physiological

self-actualization

In the Tuckman model, what occurs as team members have different opinions as to how the team should operate? Answers: a. storming b. norming c. performing d. forming

storming

In the Social Styles Profile team building activity, drivers are reactive and people-oriented. Answers: True False

False

What do people who seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations to improve their chances for achieving something worthwhile have a high need for? Answers: a. power b. security c. affiliation d. achievement

achievemen

According to McClelland's acquired-needs theory, what do people who desire harmonious relationships with other people and need to feel accepted by others have a high need for? Answers: a. self-actualization b. affiliation c. power d. achievement

affiliation

Psychologist David Merril describes which behavioral profile as reactive and task-oriented? Answers: a. amiables b. expressives c. drivers d. analyticals

analyticals

According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the legitimate hierarchical right to issue orders? Answers: a. expertise b. self-actualization c. authority d. achievement

authority

Which type of power involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do? Answers: a. referent b. legitimate c. coercive d. reward

coercive

According to Blake and Mouton, project managers who use which method employ a give-and take-approach to resolving conflicts? Answers: a. smoothing b. confrontation c. compromise d. forcing

compromise

Which process involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance? Answers: a. managing the project team b. developing the human resource plan c. developing the project team d. acquiring the project team

developing the project team

Recognizing an employee as the "Star Performer of the Month" would be satisfying which need in Maslow's hierarchy? Answers: a. self-actualization b. esteem c. safety d. physiological

esteem

Which technique is used for resolving resource conflicts by delaying tasks? Answers: a. resource leveling b. resource histogram c. resource loading d. resource allocation

resource leveling

What term is used for taking time to renew oneself physically, spiritually, mentally and socially? Answers: a. thinking win/win b. empathic mirroring c. sharpening the saw d. synergizing

sharpening the saw

According to Lencioni, which quality is present in organizations that succeed? Answers: a. commitment b. teamwork c. autonomy d. accountability

teamwork

Who is best known for developing Theory X and Theory Y? Answers: a. Frederick Herzberg b. David McClelland c. Abraham Maslow d. Douglas McGregor

Douglas McGregor

A RAM is used only to assign detailed work activities. Answers: True False

False

A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) is a matrix that maps the work of the project as described in the OBS to the people responsible for performing the work as described in the WBS. Answers: True False

False

According to Covey, project managers must use a win/lose approach in making decisions. Answers: True False

False

According to Herzberg, hygiene factors such as larger salaries, more supervision, or a more attractive work environment would motivate workers to do more if present. Answers: True False

False

Assignment, budget, promotion, money, and penalty influence bases are automatically available to project managers as part of their position. Answers: True False

False

Extrinsic motivation causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment. Answers: True False

False

Legitimate power involves using personal knowledge and expertise to get people to change their behavior. Answers: True False

False

Managers who believe in Theory Y assume that workers dislike and avoid work if possible, so managers must use coercion, threats, and various control schemes to get workers to make adequate efforts to meet objectives. Answers: True False

False

Maslow suggests that each level of the hierarchy of needs is not necessarily a prerequisite for the levels above. Answers: True False

False

Project managers must try to avoid conflict at all costs as all conflict within groups is bad. Answers: True False

False

Project managers should always reward people who work overtime. Answers: True False

False

The forcing mode is one in which the project manager deemphasizes or avoids areas of differences and emphasizes areas of agreement. Answers: True False

False

Who is best known for distinguishing between motivational factors and hygiene factors when considering motivation in work settings? Answers: a. Douglas McGregor b. David McClelland c. Abraham Maslow d. Frederick Herzberg

Frederick Herzberg

In the MBTI, which dimension relates to the manner in which you gather information? Answers: a. Extrovert/Introvert b. Sensation/Intuition c. Judgment/Perception d. Thinking/Feeling

Sensation/Intuition

Which test presents subjects with a series of ambiguous pictures and asks them to develop a spontaneous story for each picture, assuming they will project their own needs into the story? Answers: a. MBTI b. RACI c. RAM d. TAT

TAT

Managers who follow which theory assume that the average worker wants to be directed and prefers to avoid responsibility? Answers: a. Theory K b. Theory Z c. Theory X d. Theory Y

Theory X

What theory emphasizes factors such as job rotation, broadening of skills, generalization versus specialization, and the need for continuous training of workers? Answers: a. Theory Z b. Theory W c. Theory X d. Theory Y

Theory Z

A staffing management plan describes when and how people will be added to and taken off the project team. Answers: True False

True

In the Tuckman model, storming occurs when team members have different opinions for how the team should operate. Answers: True False

True

Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that people's behaviors are guided or motivated by a sequence of needs. Answers: True False

True

People who need institutional power or social power want to organize others to further the goals of the organization. Answers: True False

True

Resource leveling results in fewer problems for project personnel and accounting departments. Answers: True False

True

Thamhain and Wilemon found that when project managers used work challenge and expertise to influence people, projects were more likely to succeed. Answers: True False

True

The first dimension of psychological type in the MBTI signifies whether people draw their energy from other people (extroverts) or from inside themselves (introverts). Answers: True False

True

Which highly respected psychologist, rejected the dehumanizing negativism of psychology and proposed the hierarchy of needs theory? Answers: a. Abraham Maslow b. Carl Jung c. Sigmund Freud d. Philip Zimbardo

Abraham Maslow