Project Management (CH9)
What are the bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as? Answers: a. growth b. self-actualization c. deficiency d. safety
deficiency
The main outputs of which process are team performance assessments, change requests, and updates to several documents? Answers: a. human resource planning b. acquiring the project team c. managing the project team d. developing the project team
developing the project team
What is the first step in the framework for defining and assigning work? Answers: a. finalizing the project requirements b. assigning work responsibilities c. defining how the work will be accomplished d. breaking down the work into manageable elements
finalizing the project requirements
What need is at the highest level in Maslow's structure? Answers: a. growth b. deficiency c. safety d. physiological
growth
Which type of intelligence involves the capacity to understand the motivations, intentions and desires of others? Answers: a. emotional b. intrapersonal c. interpersonal d. human
interpersonal
Which process involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance? Answers: a. acquiring the project team b. developing the human resource plan c. managing the project team d. developing the project team
managing the project team
Which concept refers to matching certain behaviors of the other person? Answers: a. rapport b. synergy c. mirroring d. empathic listening
mirroring
In the Tuckman model, what occurs when the emphasis is on reaching the team goals, rather than working on team process? Answers: a. performing b. norming c. forming d. storming
performing
What needs are at the bottom of Maslow's structure? Answers: a. social b. physiological c. self-actualization d. esteem
physiological
According to McClelland's acquired-needs theory, what do people who want to direct others, and can be seen as bossy, have a need for? Answers: a. achievement b. power c. advancement d. affiliation
power
According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the ability to improve a worker's position? Answers: a. promotion b. expertise c. assignment d. penalty
promotion
What term is used for the relation of harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity? Answers: a. empathy b. rapport c. democracy d. mirroring
rapport
According to Herzberg, which is a motivational factor? Answers: a. training b. health benefits c. recognition d. salary
recognition
Which type of power is based on an individual's personal charisma? Answers: a. reward b. referent c. legitimate d. coercive
referent
Which tool is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to a project over time? Answers: a. organizational breakdown structure b. resource histogram c. responsibility assignment matrix d. RACI charts
resource histogram
Which term refers to the amount of individual resources an existing schedule requires during specific time periods? Answers: a. resource histogram b. resource logs c. resource leveling d. resource loading
resource loading
Which type of power involves using incentives to induce people to do things? Answers: a. legitimate b. referent c. reward d. coercive
reward
What is at the top of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? Answers: a. self-actualization b. social c. esteem d. physiological
self-actualization
In the Tuckman model, what occurs as team members have different opinions as to how the team should operate? Answers: a. storming b. norming c. performing d. forming
storming
In the Social Styles Profile team building activity, drivers are reactive and people-oriented. Answers: True False
False
What do people who seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations to improve their chances for achieving something worthwhile have a high need for? Answers: a. power b. security c. affiliation d. achievement
achievemen
According to McClelland's acquired-needs theory, what do people who desire harmonious relationships with other people and need to feel accepted by others have a high need for? Answers: a. self-actualization b. affiliation c. power d. achievement
affiliation
Psychologist David Merril describes which behavioral profile as reactive and task-oriented? Answers: a. amiables b. expressives c. drivers d. analyticals
analyticals
According to Thamhain and Wilemon, what is the legitimate hierarchical right to issue orders? Answers: a. expertise b. self-actualization c. authority d. achievement
authority
Which type of power involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do? Answers: a. referent b. legitimate c. coercive d. reward
coercive
According to Blake and Mouton, project managers who use which method employ a give-and take-approach to resolving conflicts? Answers: a. smoothing b. confrontation c. compromise d. forcing
compromise
Which process involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance? Answers: a. managing the project team b. developing the human resource plan c. developing the project team d. acquiring the project team
developing the project team
Recognizing an employee as the "Star Performer of the Month" would be satisfying which need in Maslow's hierarchy? Answers: a. self-actualization b. esteem c. safety d. physiological
esteem
Which technique is used for resolving resource conflicts by delaying tasks? Answers: a. resource leveling b. resource histogram c. resource loading d. resource allocation
resource leveling
What term is used for taking time to renew oneself physically, spiritually, mentally and socially? Answers: a. thinking win/win b. empathic mirroring c. sharpening the saw d. synergizing
sharpening the saw
According to Lencioni, which quality is present in organizations that succeed? Answers: a. commitment b. teamwork c. autonomy d. accountability
teamwork
Who is best known for developing Theory X and Theory Y? Answers: a. Frederick Herzberg b. David McClelland c. Abraham Maslow d. Douglas McGregor
Douglas McGregor
A RAM is used only to assign detailed work activities. Answers: True False
False
A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM) is a matrix that maps the work of the project as described in the OBS to the people responsible for performing the work as described in the WBS. Answers: True False
False
According to Covey, project managers must use a win/lose approach in making decisions. Answers: True False
False
According to Herzberg, hygiene factors such as larger salaries, more supervision, or a more attractive work environment would motivate workers to do more if present. Answers: True False
False
Assignment, budget, promotion, money, and penalty influence bases are automatically available to project managers as part of their position. Answers: True False
False
Extrinsic motivation causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment. Answers: True False
False
Legitimate power involves using personal knowledge and expertise to get people to change their behavior. Answers: True False
False
Managers who believe in Theory Y assume that workers dislike and avoid work if possible, so managers must use coercion, threats, and various control schemes to get workers to make adequate efforts to meet objectives. Answers: True False
False
Maslow suggests that each level of the hierarchy of needs is not necessarily a prerequisite for the levels above. Answers: True False
False
Project managers must try to avoid conflict at all costs as all conflict within groups is bad. Answers: True False
False
Project managers should always reward people who work overtime. Answers: True False
False
The forcing mode is one in which the project manager deemphasizes or avoids areas of differences and emphasizes areas of agreement. Answers: True False
False
Who is best known for distinguishing between motivational factors and hygiene factors when considering motivation in work settings? Answers: a. Douglas McGregor b. David McClelland c. Abraham Maslow d. Frederick Herzberg
Frederick Herzberg
In the MBTI, which dimension relates to the manner in which you gather information? Answers: a. Extrovert/Introvert b. Sensation/Intuition c. Judgment/Perception d. Thinking/Feeling
Sensation/Intuition
Which test presents subjects with a series of ambiguous pictures and asks them to develop a spontaneous story for each picture, assuming they will project their own needs into the story? Answers: a. MBTI b. RACI c. RAM d. TAT
TAT
Managers who follow which theory assume that the average worker wants to be directed and prefers to avoid responsibility? Answers: a. Theory K b. Theory Z c. Theory X d. Theory Y
Theory X
What theory emphasizes factors such as job rotation, broadening of skills, generalization versus specialization, and the need for continuous training of workers? Answers: a. Theory Z b. Theory W c. Theory X d. Theory Y
Theory Z
A staffing management plan describes when and how people will be added to and taken off the project team. Answers: True False
True
In the Tuckman model, storming occurs when team members have different opinions for how the team should operate. Answers: True False
True
Maslow's hierarchy of needs states that people's behaviors are guided or motivated by a sequence of needs. Answers: True False
True
People who need institutional power or social power want to organize others to further the goals of the organization. Answers: True False
True
Resource leveling results in fewer problems for project personnel and accounting departments. Answers: True False
True
Thamhain and Wilemon found that when project managers used work challenge and expertise to influence people, projects were more likely to succeed. Answers: True False
True
The first dimension of psychological type in the MBTI signifies whether people draw their energy from other people (extroverts) or from inside themselves (introverts). Answers: True False
True
Which highly respected psychologist, rejected the dehumanizing negativism of psychology and proposed the hierarchy of needs theory? Answers: a. Abraham Maslow b. Carl Jung c. Sigmund Freud d. Philip Zimbardo
Abraham Maslow