Properties of atoms and the periodic table
Explain how a rotating fan might be used to model the atom. Explain how the fan is unlike an atom.
A fan may be used to model an atom because the fan blades form something similar to a electron cloud. But there is really nothing to model the neutrons and protons. Also the fan is flat like where an atom is more 3-D sphere-like.
ductile
A term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire.
Electron cloud
Is the area around the nucleus of an atom where its electrons are most likely
Describe the electric cloud model of an atom.
This model shows how the electrons form a cloud much like spokes on a moving bicycle wheel, they are kind of a blur.
mass number
Number of Protons and Neutrons
Atom
Which is the smallest piece of matter that still retains the property of an element
periods
the horizontal rows of elements on the periodic tables
Neutrons
Are neutral particles that do not have electrical charge
Protons
Are particles that do not have an electrical charge
Electrons
Are particles with an electrical charge 1-
isotope
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
List the chemical symbols for the elements carbon, aluminum, hydrogen, oxygen, and sodium
Carbon C, Aluminum Al, Hydrogen H, Oxygen O, and Sodium Na
Diatomic molecule
consist of two atoms of the same element in a covalent bond
malleable
Easy to shape or bend
atomic number
Number of protons
Identify the names, charges, and locations of three kinds of particles that make up an atom
Proton + charge, Neutron neutral charge, are both located in the nucleus of an atom. The electrons - charge are located around the nucleus in a cloudlike form.
Nucleus
Protons and neutrons are found in a small, positvely charged center of the atom that is surronded by a cloud containing electron
Quarks
Protons and neutrons, however, are made up of smaller particles
transition elements
Roman numerals are used to indicate the oxidation number of what types of elements?
radioactive element
an unstable element that breaks down into a different element
Nonmetals
are usually brittle solids or gases at room temp.
Salt
if a halogen gains an electron from a metal, an iconic compound
metallic bonding
the chemical bonding that results from the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of electrons
periodic table
the elements are arranged by increases atomic number and by changes in physical and chemical properties
Sublimation
the process of a solid changing directly to a vapor without forming a liquid
Identify the smallest particle of matter, how are they discovered.
the smallest particle of matter is the quark. The quark was discovered by accelerating charged particles to great speeds and smashing them into protons.
electron dot diagram
uses the symbol of the element and dots to represent the electrons in the outer energy level
metals
usually have common properties they are good conductors of heat electricity
groups
vertical columns in the periodic table
average atomic mass
weighted average of the atomic masses for the isotopes of an element
