PS201 Quiz Questions Ch.16
According to the Supreme Court in the Civil Rights Cases (1883) why was Congress unable to prohibit discrimination in public accommodations?
Congress cannot regulate public accommodations because they tend to be owned by private individuals.
__________ discrimination is discrimination based in practice.
De facto
Which of the following accurately describes a difference between de jure and de facto segregation/discrimination in the United States?
De jure segregation/discrimination is now fairly rare; de facto segregation/discrimination is now fairly common.
Which of the following laws would be the most likely to draw strict scrutiny from the Supreme Court when determining its constitutionality?
Government contracts must be awarded to a contractor who is a racial minority whenever at least 10 percent of the bidders are minority-owned businesses.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was designed to overturn which of the following?
Jim Crow laws
Which of the following amendments gave women the right to vote?
Nineteenth
Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor, who favored affirmative action in higher education, was replaced by Justice __________ who was far more hostile to these programs.
Samuel Alito
What justification grounded the Supreme Court's decision to overturn the separate but equal doctrine?
Segregated schools stigmatize minority children and are inherently unequal.
What was the rationale for the Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that upheld the constitutionality of a state law requiring segregated railroad facilities?
The Constitution does not prohibit segregation; it only mandates equal protection under the law.
In which of the following instances would a company be most likely to be absolved of liability for the sexually harassing behavior of a supervisor?
The company had a solid and well-communicated harassment policy, but the victim failed to report the behavior within a reasonable amount of time.
What was the rationale for rejecting the claim that the federal government needed to abolish Jim Crow laws because they conflicted with the equal protection clause?
The federal government should not interfere in states' rights to determine their own equal protection laws and should not practice social engineering.
Although laws and courts have prohibited age discrimination in hiring, benefit, and promotion practices, problems for older workers persist for which of the following reasons?
The jobs of older workers can be in jeopardy when companies are downsizing.
Which of the following statements about women in political office is accurate?
The percentage of women holding public office has steadily increased since the 1970s.
In what ways are the Fourteenth Amendment and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 similar?
They both sought equal rights for African Americans.
If a group of people were systematically discriminated against in the past, which of the following would constitute an affirmative action policy designed as a remedy to help the members of this group overcome the legacy of discrimination?
a college admissions policy that gives preferential treatment to members of the group
Which of the following situations would most likely be a violation of Title IX?
a college that spends significantly more on sports programs for men than for women
Why might some people be worried about voter identification laws that require government-issued ID cards for citizens to vote?
because it might have the effect of keeping poorer African Americans and Hispanics from voting
At its core, the intent of the Fourteenth Amendment was to guarantee which of the following to former slaves?
citizenship rights
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans which of the following?
discrimination in public accommodations
Which clause in the Fourteenth Amendment prohibits any state from denying any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws"?
equal protection
The Supreme Court's decision in Lawrence v. Texas (2003) primarily enhanced the civil liberties of which group?
gays and lesbians
According to the "Using the Framework" box, the Supreme Court's rejection of diversity as a compelling state interest in awarding government contracts and jobs is an example of __________.
government action
In which of the following cases would the Supreme Court use the intermediate standard of review to determine a potential violation of the equal protection clause?
having different minimum ages for men and women to marry
Under the intermediate scrutiny standard, government enactments that relied on gender would be constitutional under what condition?
if the use of gender were substantially related to an important governmental interest
When was the Thirteenth Amendment banning slavery passed?
immediately after the Civil War
Which of the following accommodations would an employer most likely have to make to be in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act?
installing a ramp and other physical accommodations for someone who uses a wheelchair
What does the Lilly Ledbetter Act do?
makes it easier for someone to sue over gender-based pay discrimination
Under the Court's review standards, a law that classifies people according to __________ will be given strict scrutiny by the Supreme Court to determine its constitutionality.
race
What did the Supreme Court determine was unconstitutional in Brown v. Board of Education?
segregation of schools
In 2012 the net worth for white households was __________ times that of African American households.
seventeen
The privileges and immunities clause in the Constitution and the Fourteenth Amendment ensures which of the following?
that citizens from out of state will have the same legal rights as local citizens
In Shelby County v. Holder (2013) the Supreme Court overturned a key portion of which of the following laws that required states to pre-clear any changes to their election laws with the Department of Justice?
the 1965 Voting Rights Act
The women's suffrage movement sought to achieve what objective for women?
the right to vote
Why did southern states enact poll taxes?
to get around the Fifteenth Amendment
The Fifteenth Amendment guarantees citizens the right to __________ regardless of race.
vote
What was the primary focus at the 1848 convention at Seneca Falls, New York?
women's rights
