PSY 101 Chapter 8 Practice Quiz

James-Lange theory is the theory of emotion stating that you experience emotion:

by noticing changes in the body first and then interpreting those changes as feelings.

People may meet their self-transcendence needs by doing all of the following EXCEPT:

completing a graduate degree in sociology.

Autonomous motivation leads to experiencing:

control over your life and what you do

Theories of emotion have focused primarily on:

determining which comes first, mind or body.

What is the MOST researched and well-known consequence of being overweight or obese?

disease

The modern theories of motivation include all EXCEPT:

drive reduction theory.

Which tactic will NOT help you limit your portion size when eating?

eating out of a shared bowl instead of your own

A criticism of the cognitive appraisal theory is that in some cases:

emotion can come before thought.

When Tamara brings home straight As on her report card, her father gives her $50. This is an example of:

extrinsic motivation

When you are immersed in an activity you truly enjoy and lose track of time, you are in a state of:

flow

A(n) _____ is the term for an area that has very few healthy food options.

food desert

Leptin is a hormone that signals feelings of _____, while grehlin is a hormone that signals feelings of _____.

fullness; hunger

Which is NOT a potential benefit to having intrinsic motivation, as opposed to having extrinsic motivation?

greater anxiety

People from individualistic cultures are more likely to approve of expressing _____ than those from collectivistic cultures.

happiness and surprise

Kristi cries every time she watches a late-night infomercial asking for donations to help starving children in the world. Kristi is likely a _____ person.

high-empathy

As the amount of TV watching _____, weight _____.

increases; increases

Which is NOT an example of an individual strategy to healthy eating?

increasing costs of fruits and vegetables

The _____ theory states that motivation is innate within us, while _____ theory states that motivation allows us to maintain homeostasis.

instinct; drive reduction

When Jamal first learned how to play chess, he did so because he was intrigued with the game. This is an example of:

intrinsic motivation

Self-determination theory endorses the use of _____, and controlling _____ so that it becomes more autonomous.

intrinsic motivation; extrinsic motivation

Your motivation is _____ if you get personal satisfaction from playing the piano, but _____ if you do it because your mom rewards you with praise when you play for her.

intrinsic; extrinsic

Which is NOT one of the BMI categories?

lean

The two hormones related to hunger are:

leptin and ghrelin

People who are bullies, abusers of others, or violent criminals tend to have _____ than others.

less empathy

Your metabolic rate is typically _____ when you are resting and _____ when you are active

low; high

The Yerkes-Dodson law states that _____ levels of arousal are related to _____ levels of performance.

moderate; high

Older adults tend to experience _____ emotions than younger adults.

more positive

Bob and Linda are highly stressed due to the opening of their new burger restaurant. In this situation, Linda will probably eat _____ and Bob will probably eat _____.

more; less

People in individualistic cultures tend to attribute their happiness to _____, while those in collectivistic cultures tend to attribute their happiness to _____.

personal achievements; interpersonal harmony

Which level of needs is not being met if you are an insomniac and get poor quality of sleep?

physiological needs

When you live a life that allows you to match your balance of getting what you want with avoiding losing what you have, you are experiencing:

regulatory fit

Research demonstrates that women are more likely to be driven by _____ goals, while men are more likely to be driven by _____ goals.

relationship; personal power

Chris's father is an alcoholic and tends to throw things at Chris or his mom when he gets drunk. What level of needs is probably not being met for Chris or his mother?

safety needs

Which is the highest level of needs in the hierarchy of needs?

self-actualization needs

Margot has recently taken up Buddhism as a means of connecting to her spirituality and the world around her. She is meeting her _____ needs by focusing on things beyond herself

self-transcendence

Your _____ is a particular weight that your body tends to stay around, even after increasing or decreasing.

set point

You will typically pour more of your favorite drink into _____ glasses than _____ glasses.

short and wide; tall and narrow

People around the world naturally express emotions _____, and recognize facial expressions _____.

similarly; similarly

What is NOT a good strategy for minimizing negative emotions in your life?

suppressing your negative emotions so they go away

In the United States there is a strong correlation between:

the obesity rate and the number of residents per fast food restaurant.

Research on different cultures and those who are blind demonstrate that:

there are basic human emotions that are universal and innate.

You can calculate your body mass index (BMI) by dividing your _____ by the square of your _____.

weight; height

Positive emotions might help from an evolutionary standpoint because:

you are more able to expand your thinking, solve problems in new ways, and connect with others to increase your safety.

Jason and Tanya are going on a trip to the beach with their kids. If Jason has high promotion motivation, what is he MOST likely to say while they prepare for the trip?

"I can't wait to feel the sand in my toes and see some beautiful sunsets on the beach."

Your mother told you that she now realizes she is overweight because of a "fat gene" she read about in a magazine. She tells you that she knows she has this gene and being overweight is out of her control so she shouldn't bother trying to lose weight. What is the BEST response you can give your mother?

"Mom, even though genes play a role in weight, it is complex and related to many things, some of which you can change."

Your sister, Lola, is getting ready to go to college and is worried about putting on the "freshman 15." She is currently at a healthy BMI but tends to get stressed easily. What is the BEST advice you could give her?

"Most people with a normal BMI only gain a few pounds in college. However, you will need to be careful not to overeat when you get stressed."

Your friend, Marlon, wants to feel happier and asks you what tips you've learned from your psychology class. What is the BEST advice you could give him?

"Perform random acts of kindness, express gratitude to others, appreciate what you have, and visualize your happy future."

How much more does a healthy diet cost per day per person than an unhealthy diet?

$1.50

Based on research, what is the average amount of weight a freshman in college is likely to gain?

3 to 4 pounds

_____ are norms within a group regarding how we should express emotion.

Display rules

_____ is all aspects of feeling, including the changes that occur to body, behavior, and consciousness.

Emotion

_____ is a balance of your biological state.

Homeostasis

_____ cultures are more likely to encourage the quest for self-esteem needs.

Individualistic

Why would you want to have more mastery goals when it comes to learning a new subject, like psychology, instead of performance goals?

Mastery goals will lead to deeper understanding, greater interest, and longer motivation to study the material.

_____ goals focus on doing something well, while _____ goals focus on demonstrating that you can do something well.

Mastery; performance

Which is FALSE regarding gender differences in emotions?

Men tend to have more intense feelings.

What is NOT a possible explanation for the differences in emotional tendencies in older adults versus younger adults?

Older adults are more likely to use response modulation in dealing with emotional situations

_____ is a more acceptable form of emotional regulation in collectivistic cultures than in individualistic cultures.

Suppression

Which is NOT an explanation for obesity in industrialized countries due to the thrifty-gene hypothesis?

There is a lack of motivation to eat healthier.

What happens when babies are placed on a visual cliff and the mother presents a fearful face?

They never crawl over the deep end

What is the BEST explanation for the relationship between money and happiness?

Those with enough money to buy what they want or need are typically happier.

How does the thrifty-gene hypothesis explain hunger in humans?

We tend to eat more when high-calorie, high-fat foods are available in order to safeguard for a famine that might occur in the future

Which is NOT a good example of motivation taking place?

When anxious you avoid doing anything.

Which is TRUE regarding sex differences in eating behaviors?

Women eat less when in social settings with men

You are playing outside with your 3-year-old nephew, Parker, when he suddenly runs toward the street. According to the cognitive appraisal theory, how might your emotion of fear result from this situation?

You feel fear because you realize he could run into the street and get hurt

You are playing outside with your 3-year-old nephew, Parker, when he suddenly runs toward the street. According to the Schacter-Singer's two-factor theory, how might your emotion of fear result from this situation?

Your heart rate increases, you realize you fear that he might get hurt, and then you feel fear.

You like to get good grades because you love doing well in school and learning new things. However, your school starts to award "student of the month" to those who get good grades. What might happen to your motivation?

Your interest in doing well might decrease because the extrinsic motivation of praise from the award will undermine your intrinsic motivation to do well.

What is the trend in weight gain during college?

a steady increase in BMI across all 4 years, with only minor fluctuations

You experience a lot of positive emotions, which means you are LESS likely to have:

a stroke or heart disease.

If you used _____ to regulate emotion while on a blind date with an annoying person, you might check your social networks on your cellphone to distract yourself.

attentional deployment

The risk of having mental disorders among overweight and obese individuals is MOST likely a result of:

being stigmatized and discriminated against by others in social and work settings.

A BMI that is considered normal or healthy weight is:

between 18.5 and 24.9

Body mass index (BMI) indicates your:

body fat and overall fitness level