PSY-150 Chapter 8 Quiz
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of needs, what must be developed immediately prior to esteem needs?
Love and belongingness
_________ is best described as the field of psychology that is about personal well-being and satisfaction; joy, sensual pleasure, and happiness; and optimism and hope for the future.
Positive psychology
According to this theory, events and arousal are appraised by the individual. The emotional response stems from the person's appraisal of the situation and his or her level of arousal.
cognitive appraisal theory
Which of the following is not one of Ekman's (1980) universal emotions?
confusion
According to James and Lange, __________ are the cognitive representations of automatic physiological and behavioral responses.
emotions
Eli is a school student. Her teacher's appreciation motivates her to study well. She also aims to impress her teacher and parents by getting into a good university after she graduates from high school. Eli's performance goals seem to be met through __________.
extrinsic rewards
Alina thinks that she is overweight. She often indulges in binge eating and later forcibly vomits the food. Which eating disorder is Alina most likely suffering from?
Bulimia nervosa.
Daniella thinks that she is extremely overweight despite having a normal body weight. She avoids eating food and has recently lost a lot of weight. Despite this, she continues to think that she is overweight. Which eating disorder is Daniella most likely suffers from?
Anorexia nervosa
In the context of hunger, which of the following is true?
Watching television increases the amount of food we eat.
Jerrion was working in his apartment on a very difficult project for work. He decided to take a break and walk outside. It was a bright sunny day and he was squinting a lot because of the light. Upon getting back inside to work on the project he felt more excited about it. This behavior is consistent with the __________.
facial-feedback hypothesis
Clark Hull's drive-reduction theory states that:
humans learn to engage in behaviors that reduce a state of arousal.
The __________ is a pea-sized structure in the brain that is involved in many aspects of motivation, including sex, aggression, and hunger.
hypothalamus
Jorge works for a finance company. His boss tells him that he will get a raise if he completes his work two days before the actual deadline. The raise that Jorge is being offered is referred to as a _____.
incentive
Ophelia is in high school. She enjoys studying and does well in school. Her parents encourage her to think and act independently. Whenever she does well in an exam, she feels a sense of self-satisfaction. In this scenario, Ophelia's achievement motivation stems from a/an _________.
learning goal
In the context of hunger, __________ is the state of being satisfied.
satiety
Alan works in a research laboratory. He owns a house, and he earns enough to sustain himself. He has a large social circle and makes time to meet his friends at least once a week. However, Alan feels that he is capable of much more and can achieve a lot more in life. He is striving to bring out the best within himself. In the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs, Alan is trying to fulfill his __________.
self-actualization needs
The work of McClelland (1965) found that college graduates who were high in achievement motivation:
sought careers that had elements of risk, decision making, business management, sales, or self-employment.
When watching a horror movie, Mark was frightened by a scene; he reacted by dropping the glass of soda that he was holding. This reaction is linked to the __________.
sympathetic nervous system
In the context of hunger, adaptive thermogenesis causes _________ when someone goes on a diet.
the body to burn fewer calories
Emma, a college gymnast, has been struggling with several injuries in recent years. She has had several fractures and broken bones. Because gymnastics often emphasize thinness, Emma might be suffering from __________.
the female athlete triad