PSY 200 TEST 3 QUIZZES

An intelligence score that falls below ________ indicates significant cognitive delays, and may be indicative of an intellectual disability.

70

Researchers have found that approximately _____ percent of those with dissociative identity disorder were physically and/or sexually abused in childhood, leading to the conclusion that trauma can be a cause of this disorder.

95

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________.

A token economy

Piper is terribly afraid of a number of different situations. She doesn't like riding on public busses or subways, finds open spaces very intimidating, does not like feeling "lost in a crowd," and prefers the safe and secure feeling of her own home. If these symptoms cause disruptions in her life, Piper might be diagnosed with ________.

Agoraphobia

Which individual was asked by the French government to create an assessment tool - an intelligence test, of sorts - that would be used to identify schoolchildren who would be more likely to have difficulty in school?

Alfred Binet

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

The type of intelligence that involves seeing complex relationships and solving problems is ________ intelligence.

Fluid

What is the confirmation bias?

Focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs

Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for?

Functional fixedness

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?

Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

A particular benefit of ________ therapy is the possibility of decreasing a client's sense of shame and isolation about the problem they face, while also letting them offer support to others

Group

Niaz's car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. This exemplifies ________.

Hindsight bias

In a study of several thousand women, it was found that rates of bulimia nervosa was more prevalent among _________ women when compared to non-Hispanic whites.

Hispanic and African American

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

How you think determines how you feel.

Of the following substances or substance groups, which is the only one where illicit use patterns are higher in those between 12 and 17 years old than those who are 18 to 25 years of age?

Inhalants

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence.

Interpersonal; intrapersonal

Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?

Involuntary

Nima excels at working with numbers in subjects such as calculus and algebra. This exemplifies ________ intelligence from the multiple intelligences theory.

Logical-mathematical

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing a(n) ________ episode.

Manic

Which pair of individuals is most likely to have the highest similarity in their IQ scores?

Marcus and Maria are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families.

Gonzalo is attempting to open his car door using the auto lock button on his keychain. He pushes the button twice, but his car door does not open. He continues to push the button even though it is likely that the auto lock feature has stopped working, and he will need to open the door manually with his key. This illustrates a ________.

Mental set

Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.

A ________ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning.

Morpheme

Aram is proficient in playing a number of instruments and can easily learn new songs and rhythms. This exemplifies ________ intelligence from the multiple intelligences theory.

Musical

Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a(n) ________ concept.

Natural

Those symptoms that involve noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives in those afflicted with schizophrenia are called ________ symptoms.

Negative

Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?

Obsessive compulsive personality disorder

Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

Overgeneralization

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?

Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

Which of the following is an inaccurate statement about dissociative disorders?

People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture.

The amount of time a client spends in psychotherapy is determined by the client's needs as well as his or her ________.

Personal goals

Dr. Kaplan is working with a Japanese-American client, and regards the client's silence as an indication that he is not happy to be in therapy. He fails to consider that his client has learned that authority figures should be shown deference and that his silence is a sign of respect. Dr. Kaplan is demonstrating ________.

Poor cultural competence

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring Cordelia's left arm. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing ________ disorder.

Post traumatic stress

Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for the mentally ill?

Psychiatric hospitals

At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) ________ disorder.

Psychotic

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

Repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence?

Robert Sternberg

Samara meets a nurse. She immediately assumes he is able to help care for sick people, works long hours, and dispenses advice about illness because her ________ schema suggests that nurses behave this way.

Role

Mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as avoiding eye contact or rehearsing sentences before speaking are called ________.

Safety behaviors

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during the fall and winter months when she gets less direct exposure to sunlight What kind of depression does Alexis have?

Seasonal pattern

Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails and that the spiders will hatch inside his skin and will eventually begin to eat his organs. What kind of delusion is this?

Somatic

Which statistic is a measure of how data are dispersed in a population and can be used to give context to larger data sets?

Standard deviation

The practice of administering, scoring, and interpreting an assessment tool in the same manner is called ________.

Standardization

Which child is most likely to receive treatment for her or his psychological challenge?

Stavros, who suffers from ADHD

Peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression ________.

That applies to women who experience major depressive symptoms during or in the four weeks after a pregnancy.

Illnesses such as diabetes and cancer kill more than twice the number of Americans than murder or car accidents. However, Zale sees car accidents as more dangerous because he often hears about car accident fatalities on the nightly news, and he doesn't know anyone with diabetes or cancer. Therefore, Zale takes more precautions against car accidents. This exemplifies ________.

The availability heuristic

In the African American community, what has been found to play a significant role as an alternate source of support to mental health services?

The church

Which of the following choices is an emphasis of humanistic approaches to psychotherapy?

The client's present and future

What principle underlies cognitive-behavioral therapy?

Thoughts affect actions

Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn't go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality?

Avoidant personality disorder

The approach to psychology suggesting that psychological disorders may be best explained by looking at genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities is the ________ perspective.

Biological

What is comorbidity?

Co-occurrence of two disorders

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her distorted ways of thinking and self-defeating actions by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Roscoe suffers from cocaine use disorder as well as bipolar disorder. The fact that he has two psychiatric diagnoses at once would make his a ________ situation

Comorbid

Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?

Confidentiality

Christine and Susan have been together for 3 years and are thinking about getting married. Lately all they seem to do is fight, as they have trouble communicating over the slightest issue. Both are unhappy and are each thinking that they may need to call off the wedding. They go to see a(n) ________ therapist who might help them work through these communication issues and to help them build collaborative problem-solving strategies.

Couples

Kai cuts her foot while hiking. She forgot to pack bandages, but she has a tube of superglue and uses that to seal the wound. Kai's ability to invent a solution uses the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.

Creative

Anti-anxiety agents work by ________.

Depressing central nervous system activity

Although her reading skills are just fine, Beatriz has difficulty with her writing. Her teachers have noticed that no matter how hard she tries and how much they work with her the handwriting on her papers is almost illegible. Further, although she has great thoughts and understands concepts at a high level, she is unable to put them into a cohesive written paper. Beatriz may suffer from ________.

Dysgraphia

In Medieval times, what would be the most likely form of treatment for someone suffering the symptoms of a psychological illness?

Exorcism