PSY 3080 final
The purpose of European identification of of a superior group was for political, economic, social & scientific growth.
True
Dog salivates at sight of food
Unconditioned Stimulus
What is the label for the content of the collective unconscious per Jung, which consists of images of the primordial (elemental, ancient) character?
Archetypes
Humanistic psychology criticized two "other" forces, such as:
Behaviorism and Psychoanalysis
Ringing of a bell along with presentation of food.
Paired Association
Lunatics, Feeble Minded, Distempered in Mind
Patients
As an early discipline of Psychology, Ethnology sought to identify and magnify differences in
Racial characteristics, mental abilities, personality
The notion that humans and animal represent one natural world and thus subject to similar laws is known as
Principle of Continuity
In Skinner's system, this type of conditioning is based on activities that produce effects:
operant conditioning
Materialists, such as Aristotle, believed that mental life could be explained in _____________ whereas Idealists, such as Plato, believed mental life could be explained by the _____________.
physical terms; non-material soul
Transitions in resources and infrastructure in modern cities during the early 19th century included
rapid technological urbanization.
The need to survive was a constant struggle for Black-American slaves. Many times they ____________ in order to achieve survival.
escaped, identified with their master, revolted aggressively
Erik Erikson theorized that all people pass through eight developmental stages that stretch from birth to death. In each stage, the ego:
faces a crisis to be resolved
Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations were among the first to develop written language. Texts were written on clay tablets that contained descriptions of human psychology. According to the "Books of Instructions," reasoning, behavior and emotion were located in the
heart
Factors contributing to the emergence of Psychology as a science include all of the following except
religious views
Folklore of dark skin tones arised from which of the following sources of belief systems?
religious views
A discovery of 19th century physiology which impacted psychology was
the all-or-none principal of nerve conduction
What was the most prominent "inaugural" case that launched the whole theory of psychoanalysis?
the case of Anna O
At HBCU's, Black-American Professors deemphasized
Hereditarian basis for differences and eugenics
___________ believed human differences were the result of innate characteristics and the "less fit" would perish as civilization advanced.
Hereditarians
Mental Illness is a result of degeneration within families
Hereditary Approach
The study of the ways by which people obtain and disseminate historical knowledge is called
Historiography
Humanistic Psychology emerged due to the belief that American psychological approaches and research lost a connection with
Human beings
Approximately __________ slaves were living in the United States by the mid 1850's.
4 million
Which of the following is not a key principle of cognitive psychology?
A basic dimension in humans is love, growth and thought processes
Post Civil War, most day schools for black-american children were established by the
American Missionary Association
Operant Conditioning
B.F. Skinner
What is the term referring to the shift within psychology from being primarily behavioral to being increasingly cognitive?
Cognitive Revolution
Behavior as operation of mechanical, machine-like components
Clark Hull
Clinical observations compared against brain pathology
Clinical Pathology
At the turn of the century, this methodological approach to understanding human behavior compared clinical observations with data collected from brain autopsies.
Clinical-Pathological Method
The scientific study of human mental processes and their role in thinking, emotions, and behavior is called
Cognitive Psychology
Dog salivated upon ringing of bell
Conditioned Stimulus
Who designed a method known in psychology as the method of nonsense syllables?
Ebbinghaus
Developed the concept of the Learning Curve based on task trials with animals
Edward Thorndike
Study of operational behaviorism
Edward Tolman
What is the component of the psyche that makes compromises between the id and the environment and is guided by the reality principle?
Ego
The "Noble Savage" view impacted ideologies across Europe and the type of research conducted in psychology. Today, the type of research that disregards racial and ethnic differences is known as _____________ and operates under a __________ model
Eurocentric research; deficit
Anthropometry of racial designations lead to comparisons against the perceived European ideal that caused assumptions of equality amongst racial groups.
False
The part of the human psyche that seeks immediate gratification and operates under the pleasure principle is known as the Superego.
False
The conceptual approach designed to improve human and social life through selective mating and sterilization in the name of intellectual superiority.
Galton's Eugenic Movement
Believed mental illness was due to inability to form reflexes and mismanagement of contradictory signals from the nervous system
Ivan Pavlov
Founded the 3 principals of Behaviorism which included Habit Formation and Habit Integration
John Watson
Operation of brain mechanisms on animal behavior
Karl Lashley
_____________ is a concept in Thorndike's theory to describe the dynamic of learning a habit. It also indicates the connection between learning and the time it takes to learn
Learning curve
Which of the following physical characteristics were assessed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries to categorize groups of people?
Lip Thickness, Skin Tone, Hair Color, Hair Texture
Persistent stress and exhaustion of nerves
Nervous Fatigue
Random ringing of a bell in which the dog does not salivate
Neutral Stimulus
Stressful life events trigger the onset of difficult psychological problems
Social-Psychology
Alienists, Medical Superintendents, Psychiatrists
Therapists
Asylums, Mad House, Fool's House
Treatment Facilities
Emil Kraeplin theorized that biological abnormalities and genetic mutations were the primary causes of psychiatric conditions. He is widely considered the father of modern psychiatry per his theory and classification system of mental disorders.
True
Employment opportunities for Black professionals in Psychology were virtually non-existent well into the 1930's.
True
Experimental introspection is the method in which the researcher had to carefully observe his own experience as a response to a physical stimulus delivered in laboratory surroundings.
True
Free Association methods were used as a treatment approach in psychoanalysis.
True
A type of description or scientific approach to portray animal behavior in human terms is called:
anthropomorphism
Gall divided the brain into two large groups and 37 zones representing
emotional and intellectual characteristics
Clark Hull tried to reduce practically every aspect of human existence to:
mechanical, physical terms
In the 19th century, in the United States, black slaves who had made repeated attempts to escape from their owners were frequently labeled as _____________. This was due to the _____________ of the day which defamed enslaved persons.
mentally ill; ideology
The concepts of race and racism evolved in the name of
modern civilization