PSY 3080 final

The purpose of European identification of of a superior group was for political, economic, social & scientific growth.

True

Dog salivates at sight of food

Unconditioned Stimulus

What is the label for the content of the collective unconscious per Jung, which consists of images of the primordial (elemental, ancient) character?

Archetypes

Humanistic psychology criticized two "other" forces, such as:

Behaviorism and Psychoanalysis

Ringing of a bell along with presentation of food.

Paired Association

Lunatics, Feeble Minded, Distempered in Mind

Patients

As an early discipline of Psychology, Ethnology sought to identify and magnify differences in

Racial characteristics, mental abilities, personality

The notion that humans and animal represent one natural world and thus subject to similar laws is known as

Principle of Continuity

In Skinner's system, this type of conditioning is based on activities that produce effects:

operant conditioning

Materialists, such as Aristotle, believed that mental life could be explained in _____________ whereas Idealists, such as Plato, believed mental life could be explained by the _____________.

physical terms; non-material soul

Transitions in resources and infrastructure in modern cities during the early 19th century included

rapid technological urbanization.

The need to survive was a constant struggle for Black-American slaves. Many times they ____________ in order to achieve survival.

escaped, identified with their master, revolted aggressively

Erik Erikson theorized that all people pass through eight developmental stages that stretch from birth to death. In each stage, the ego:

faces a crisis to be resolved

Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations were among the first to develop written language. Texts were written on clay tablets that contained descriptions of human psychology. According to the "Books of Instructions," reasoning, behavior and emotion were located in the

heart

Factors contributing to the emergence of Psychology as a science include all of the following except

religious views

Folklore of dark skin tones arised from which of the following sources of belief systems?

religious views

A discovery of 19th century physiology which impacted psychology was

the all-or-none principal of nerve conduction

What was the most prominent "inaugural" case that launched the whole theory of psychoanalysis?

the case of Anna O

At HBCU's, Black-American Professors deemphasized

Hereditarian basis for differences and eugenics

___________ believed human differences were the result of innate characteristics and the "less fit" would perish as civilization advanced.

Hereditarians

Mental Illness is a result of degeneration within families

Hereditary Approach

The study of the ways by which people obtain and disseminate historical knowledge is called

Historiography

Humanistic Psychology emerged due to the belief that American psychological approaches and research lost a connection with

Human beings

Approximately __________ slaves were living in the United States by the mid 1850's.

4 million

Which of the following is not a key principle of cognitive psychology?

A basic dimension in humans is love, growth and thought processes

Post Civil War, most day schools for black-american children were established by the

American Missionary Association

Operant Conditioning

B.F. Skinner

What is the term referring to the shift within psychology from being primarily behavioral to being increasingly cognitive?

Cognitive Revolution

Behavior as operation of mechanical, machine-like components

Clark Hull

Clinical observations compared against brain pathology

Clinical Pathology

At the turn of the century, this methodological approach to understanding human behavior compared clinical observations with data collected from brain autopsies.

Clinical-Pathological Method

The scientific study of human mental processes and their role in thinking, emotions, and behavior is called

Cognitive Psychology

Dog salivated upon ringing of bell

Conditioned Stimulus

Who designed a method known in psychology as the method of nonsense syllables?

Ebbinghaus

Developed the concept of the Learning Curve based on task trials with animals

Edward Thorndike

Study of operational behaviorism

Edward Tolman

What is the component of the psyche that makes compromises between the id and the environment and is guided by the reality principle?

Ego

The "Noble Savage" view impacted ideologies across Europe and the type of research conducted in psychology. Today, the type of research that disregards racial and ethnic differences is known as _____________ and operates under a __________ model

Eurocentric research; deficit

Anthropometry of racial designations lead to comparisons against the perceived European ideal that caused assumptions of equality amongst racial groups.

False

The part of the human psyche that seeks immediate gratification and operates under the pleasure principle is known as the Superego.

False

The conceptual approach designed to improve human and social life through selective mating and sterilization in the name of intellectual superiority.

Galton's Eugenic Movement

Believed mental illness was due to inability to form reflexes and mismanagement of contradictory signals from the nervous system

Ivan Pavlov

Founded the 3 principals of Behaviorism which included Habit Formation and Habit Integration

John Watson

Operation of brain mechanisms on animal behavior

Karl Lashley

_____________ is a concept in Thorndike's theory to describe the dynamic of learning a habit. It also indicates the connection between learning and the time it takes to learn

Learning curve

Which of the following physical characteristics were assessed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries to categorize groups of people?

Lip Thickness, Skin Tone, Hair Color, Hair Texture

Persistent stress and exhaustion of nerves

Nervous Fatigue

Random ringing of a bell in which the dog does not salivate

Neutral Stimulus

Stressful life events trigger the onset of difficult psychological problems

Social-Psychology

Alienists, Medical Superintendents, Psychiatrists

Therapists

Asylums, Mad House, Fool's House

Treatment Facilities

Emil Kraeplin theorized that biological abnormalities and genetic mutations were the primary causes of psychiatric conditions. He is widely considered the father of modern psychiatry per his theory and classification system of mental disorders.

True

Employment opportunities for Black professionals in Psychology were virtually non-existent well into the 1930's.

True

Experimental introspection is the method in which the researcher had to carefully observe his own experience as a response to a physical stimulus delivered in laboratory surroundings.

True

Free Association methods were used as a treatment approach in psychoanalysis.

True

A type of description or scientific approach to portray animal behavior in human terms is called:

anthropomorphism

Gall divided the brain into two large groups and 37 zones representing

emotional and intellectual characteristics

Clark Hull tried to reduce practically every aspect of human existence to:

mechanical, physical terms

In the 19th century, in the United States, black slaves who had made repeated attempts to escape from their owners were frequently labeled as _____________. This was due to the _____________ of the day which defamed enslaved persons.

mentally ill; ideology

The concepts of race and racism evolved in the name of

modern civilization