Psy 313/ In Class Quiz

According to Vygotsky

, social interaction is necessary for children to acquire the ways of thinking and behaving that make up a community's culture.

According to Noam Chomsky

All children have a language acquisition device that contains a universal grammar.

Genotype

An individual's unique genetic information is called ________________.

In Piaget's theory

As the brain develops and children's experiences expand, they move through four broad stages, each characterized by qualitatively distinct ways of thinking.

Assimilating

Baby Olivia dropped her rattle. Later, she let go of her teething ring and watched with interest. When Olivia dropped objects, she was __________ them to her sensorimotor dropping scheme.

Bronfenbrenner

Characterized the environment as dynamic and ever-changing.

False

Crawling is an example of a fine-motor skill.

Both Freud and Erikson

Did not pointed out that normal development must be understood in relation to each culture's life situation.

Cross-sectional Design

Does not permit the study of individual developmental trends. Age differences may be distorted because of cohort effects.

Girls are slightly shorter and lighter than boys; be greatly magnified.

During infancy, __________. These sex differences will __________ during adolescence.

During the Embryonic period

During the period of the _________, the most rapid prenatal changes take place. Between implantation and eight week. The groundwork is laid by for all body structure and internal organs.

Are in a state of disequilibrium

During times of rapid cognitive change, children

Placement on the pillow

Every time baby Gloria nurses, she is placed on a nursing pillow. Gloria's mother later notices that each time Gloria is placed on the pillow, she makes sucking movements. In this example, __________ is the conditioned stimulus.

Behaviorism

Has not been praised for acknowledging people's contributions to their own development.

Little Spurts

Infants and toddlers grow in________________.

Breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months.

Is associated with slower weight gain over the first year, leaner body build through early childhood, and 10 to 20 percent reduced obesity risk in later life.

Object permanence

Nine-month-old Avery can retrieve his ball when his mother hides it under a blanket. Avery has begun to master __________.

"think" with their eyes, ears, and hands

Piaget believed that infants and toddlers ________

Piaget

Research indicates that ____________underestimated the competencies of infants and preschoolers.

Temperament

Research indicates that fetal activity toward the end of pregnancy is linked to infant___________________ .

Habituation

Researchers using the violation-of-expectation method may use __________ by exposing babies to a physical event until their looking declines.

Cerebral Cortex

The __________ is responsible for the highly developed intelligence of the human species.

22-26 weeks

The age of viability occurs sometime between _______ weeks

Sequential

The researcher is interested in whether frequent exposure to violent television programming in early childhood predicts aggressive and antisocial behavior in adulthood.

Sequential Desing

To investigate age-related changes in adults' problem-solving skills, the researcher selects three samples—adults in their thirties, adults in their fifties, and adults in their seventies—and tracks each group for five years.

Cross-sectional

To investigate how children of different ages process traumatic events, such as school violence, the researcher recruits children who are in grades 6, 9, and 12 in the 2016-2017 school year and interviews them about their responses to the Boston Marathon bombing in 2013.

Fertilization

Usually takes place in the fallopian tube

Autosomes

We have 22 matching pairs of chromosomes, called ___________.

Gene

What is a segment of DNA located along the chromosomes called?

Displaced Reference

When 12-month-old Trent's dad asks him to get his stuffed bunny, Trent looks at and points to the pillow where the bunny usually rests. Trent is displaying __________.

Show denser synaptic connections

When animals reared from birth in physically and socially stimulating surroundings are compared with those reared in isolation, the brains of the stimulated animals __________.

The Fetal period

Which period of prenatal development is the longest?