PSY ch. 5,6,7

which of the following describes a physical process that promotes development of lasting memories

tracing

what is a drug that lowers anxiety and reduces tension

tranquilizer

which of the following best describes the process of encoding

transforming information from retention in memory

which of the following lies at the core of flashbulb memories

emotion

which device can record changes in electrical activity in the brain and sleep patterns

EEG

an infant born with weak arousal reflexes and has come down with a slight cough. Which sleep disorder is the infant at highest risk of

SIDS

which theory purposes that dreams are how brains process the random electrical discharges of REM sleep

activation-synthesis hypothesis

during which stage do changes occur in the quality/patterns of mental activity

altered state of consciousness

a Skinner box is also called

an operant conditioning chamber

what enables information to move from sensory memory into short-term memory

attention

any repeating cycle of biological activity such as sleep and waking cycles or changes in body temp

biological rhythm

which of the following are characteristics of a person who is in stage 1 (light) sleep

bursts of small irregular brain waves and some alpha waves

You have a mental picture of how your city is organized so you can easily take an alternate route if there is a traffic jam. Psychologists call this

cognitive map

while drugs all tend to have detrimental effects the most effective way to regain function of these capabilities is through

detoxification

which of the following terms refers to progressive decrease in a person's responsiveness to a drug

drug tolerance

a dog is placed in a two-compartment cage and shocked while in one of the compartments. The dog quickly learns to jump to the other compartment. This reflects __________learning.

escape

a key element underlying cognitive learning is

feedback

which of the following drug types is a stimulant but differs in its effect on the user by stimulating changes in perception

hallucigen

negative reinforcement and punishment

have opposite effects on behavior

Stanford Susceptibility Scale test provides a series of suggestions and counts the number of times a person responds to determine that person's

hypnotizability

what is the term for a dream which the dreamer feels awake and capable of normal thought and action

lucid dream

a brief swift in brain-wave patterns to those of sleep is called

microsleep

which of the following would most likely be acquired by classical conditioning

person learning to blink to the word "psychology"

where would the memory of how to ride a bike be stored

procedural memory

after finished reading a section in your textbook, you complete the Knowledge Builder section. You work through the Recite questions one at a time, checking your answer before moving on. This format illustrates which of the following

programmed instruction

any event that follows a response and decreases likelihood of the response occurring again is referred to as

punishment

hearing an old song triggers a memory, which triggers further associated memories, is an example of

redintegration

responding is reliably increased by

reinforcers

when practicing mediation, the body undergoes certain psychological changes that researcher Herbert Benson calls

relaxation response

lack of appropriate cues can lead to forgetting as a result of ________ failure

retrieval

which term best describes the inability to retrieve memories of events that occurred before an injury/trauma

retrograde amnesia

in which type of memory does information have the briefest life span

sensory memory

where does maintenance rehearsal occur

short term memory

which of the following is best supported by Ebbinghaus' research on forgetting

shows that forgetting is rapid at first and followed by slow decline

which of the following sleep disorders are characterized by short silences during sleep followed by loud gasps of breath or snorts

sleep apnea

a person "remembers" going to a concert with John years ago. In reality, the person went to the concert with Ronnie, but lived on the same dorm floor as John. This is an example of

source confusion

a few weeks after giving up on buying state lottery tickets, many people are tempted to try again, thus, illustrating the concept of

spontaneous recovery

while "playing" with a lighted candle, a child burned her finger. The candle flame becomes a conditioned fear stimulus with the child also developing a healthy fear of other flames (matches/lighters/fireplaces/stoves) This fear of other flames developed because of

stimulus generalization

which of the following best describes explicit memory

stored information that is consciously retrieved

if you wanted to train a dog to play the piano or a cat to turn on the living room lights, you would most likely use

successive approximations

which of the following best reflects state-dependent learning

the emotional condition that exists when obtaining information can be strong cue for later retrieval

which of the following plays a key role in transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory

the hippocampus

Michael is 12 years old undergoing chemotherapy treatment. After first chemotherapy treatment he experienced nausea and vomiting. After several treatments, he now experiences anticipatory nausea when he enters the treatment room and before receiving chemotherapy. In this classical conditioning example, Michael's initial chemotherapy treatment would be considered the

unconditioned stimulus

a critical variable in determining whether modeled behavior will be imitated is

whether the model is successful or unsuccessful

you live in an apartment and your neighbor's stereo is blasting so loudly that your ears hurt. If you pound on the wall and the volume suddenly drops, you are more likely to pound on the wall again if the stereo is loud because

you have been negatively reinforced