PSY ch. 5,6,7
which of the following describes a physical process that promotes development of lasting memories
tracing
what is a drug that lowers anxiety and reduces tension
tranquilizer
which of the following best describes the process of encoding
transforming information from retention in memory
which of the following lies at the core of flashbulb memories
emotion
which device can record changes in electrical activity in the brain and sleep patterns
EEG
an infant born with weak arousal reflexes and has come down with a slight cough. Which sleep disorder is the infant at highest risk of
SIDS
which theory purposes that dreams are how brains process the random electrical discharges of REM sleep
activation-synthesis hypothesis
during which stage do changes occur in the quality/patterns of mental activity
altered state of consciousness
a Skinner box is also called
an operant conditioning chamber
what enables information to move from sensory memory into short-term memory
attention
any repeating cycle of biological activity such as sleep and waking cycles or changes in body temp
biological rhythm
which of the following are characteristics of a person who is in stage 1 (light) sleep
bursts of small irregular brain waves and some alpha waves
You have a mental picture of how your city is organized so you can easily take an alternate route if there is a traffic jam. Psychologists call this
cognitive map
while drugs all tend to have detrimental effects the most effective way to regain function of these capabilities is through
detoxification
which of the following terms refers to progressive decrease in a person's responsiveness to a drug
drug tolerance
a dog is placed in a two-compartment cage and shocked while in one of the compartments. The dog quickly learns to jump to the other compartment. This reflects __________learning.
escape
a key element underlying cognitive learning is
feedback
which of the following drug types is a stimulant but differs in its effect on the user by stimulating changes in perception
hallucigen
negative reinforcement and punishment
have opposite effects on behavior
Stanford Susceptibility Scale test provides a series of suggestions and counts the number of times a person responds to determine that person's
hypnotizability
what is the term for a dream which the dreamer feels awake and capable of normal thought and action
lucid dream
a brief swift in brain-wave patterns to those of sleep is called
microsleep
which of the following would most likely be acquired by classical conditioning
person learning to blink to the word "psychology"
where would the memory of how to ride a bike be stored
procedural memory
after finished reading a section in your textbook, you complete the Knowledge Builder section. You work through the Recite questions one at a time, checking your answer before moving on. This format illustrates which of the following
programmed instruction
any event that follows a response and decreases likelihood of the response occurring again is referred to as
punishment
hearing an old song triggers a memory, which triggers further associated memories, is an example of
redintegration
responding is reliably increased by
reinforcers
when practicing mediation, the body undergoes certain psychological changes that researcher Herbert Benson calls
relaxation response
lack of appropriate cues can lead to forgetting as a result of ________ failure
retrieval
which term best describes the inability to retrieve memories of events that occurred before an injury/trauma
retrograde amnesia
in which type of memory does information have the briefest life span
sensory memory
where does maintenance rehearsal occur
short term memory
which of the following is best supported by Ebbinghaus' research on forgetting
shows that forgetting is rapid at first and followed by slow decline
which of the following sleep disorders are characterized by short silences during sleep followed by loud gasps of breath or snorts
sleep apnea
a person "remembers" going to a concert with John years ago. In reality, the person went to the concert with Ronnie, but lived on the same dorm floor as John. This is an example of
source confusion
a few weeks after giving up on buying state lottery tickets, many people are tempted to try again, thus, illustrating the concept of
spontaneous recovery
while "playing" with a lighted candle, a child burned her finger. The candle flame becomes a conditioned fear stimulus with the child also developing a healthy fear of other flames (matches/lighters/fireplaces/stoves) This fear of other flames developed because of
stimulus generalization
which of the following best describes explicit memory
stored information that is consciously retrieved
if you wanted to train a dog to play the piano or a cat to turn on the living room lights, you would most likely use
successive approximations
which of the following best reflects state-dependent learning
the emotional condition that exists when obtaining information can be strong cue for later retrieval
which of the following plays a key role in transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory
the hippocampus
Michael is 12 years old undergoing chemotherapy treatment. After first chemotherapy treatment he experienced nausea and vomiting. After several treatments, he now experiences anticipatory nausea when he enters the treatment room and before receiving chemotherapy. In this classical conditioning example, Michael's initial chemotherapy treatment would be considered the
unconditioned stimulus
a critical variable in determining whether modeled behavior will be imitated is
whether the model is successful or unsuccessful
you live in an apartment and your neighbor's stereo is blasting so loudly that your ears hurt. If you pound on the wall and the volume suddenly drops, you are more likely to pound on the wall again if the stereo is loud because
you have been negatively reinforced