psy practice quiz 14

Which of the following statements about sibling relationships is TRUE?

It is rare for sibling closeness to develop for the first time in adulthood.

Cathy and Miguel, in their late twenties, have been dating for six months. Which of the following is likely to be LEAST important in their relationship?

Security

For the first time in his life, Kevin, now 46 years old, is allowing himself to spend time to learn how to cook for his family. He has always considered this a feminine task and something he would never brag about. Levinson would say he is working through the conflict of:

being masculine versus being feminine.

In Vaillant's longitudinal study, factors at age 50 that were linked with being in the "happy-well" group at age 75 to 80 years of age included all of the following EXCEPT:

being wealthy.

Salvador, now 42 years old, ponders over what to wear, what to say, and what music to listen to. He knows that if he stays with what is comfortable, he will be seen as "old" to his kids and younger colleagues. At the same time, he doesn't want to feel like he belongs in the generation of his father. Levinson would say he is struggling with:

being young versus being old.

Jesse is known for setting goals and achieving them. When faced with a challenge or problem he will tackle it quickly and directly. His great health is partly due to his running skills, but also to his attention to his nutrition. These characteristics are most closely related to:

conscientiousness

Middle adulthood is referred to as the sandwich generation because:

middle-aged adults may have to care for their own adolescent children as well as their elderly parents.

Whereas ________ is important in new relationships, especially in young adulthood, ________ becomes more important in middle adulthood.

romance; mutual emotional interest

Trevor and Michelle's last child has just left home to attend college. According to research, this will most likely be a time when:

they will spend more quality time together.

Guillermo has taught his apprentices all the specialized techniques he has developed over the years as a carpenter. It makes him feel proud and useful to pass along what he has learned. According to Erikson, he has achieved ________ generativity.

work

James, 32 years old, is married, a father of one, and getting established in his career. He finds himself torn between obligations to his family and his employer, and often ponders where his loyalties are and where to draw boundaries. According to Levinson, he is entering the phase of BOOM, or:

"becoming one's own man."

Which of the following is a major difference between Levinson's and Valliant's views on midlife?

Valliant maintains that only a minority of adults experience midlife as a crisis.

Alexis is feeling the stress of a major life event—her daughter's wedding. Her already high blood pressure is soaring, causing her to worry. The contemporary life-events approach would consider her health issues to be:

a mediating factor.

It has been two weeks since Brianna's husband left her for someone else. She knows that this divorce will be a life-changing event for her. Even though she is distressed, she has coped with difficult things in the past, and is sure she will recover from this, too. The contemporary life-events approach would consider her appraisal to be:

an adaptation factor.

In terms of Erikson's generativity versus stagnation stage, the achievement of generativity is linked to all of the following EXCEPT:

decreased stress.

Marie struggles to take care of her small home with the little money she makes working at the church. When her daughter basically left her granddaughter at Marie's house and left with her boyfriend, Marie had no choice but to become a surrogate parent. Research would say Marie is likely to develop:

depression.

Middle-aged partners are more likely to view their marriage as positive if they:

engage in mutual activities.

In personality research aiming to predict future well-being, ________ tends to be more positive years later, and ________ tends to be more negative years later.

extraversion; neuroticism

Dylan's father just passed away. He knows that he needs to arrange care for his mother and prepare his parents' house for sale. Even though he has an overwhelming list of tasks, he has withdrawn by going hiking for the day. He is responding in a typically male:

fight-or-flight manner.

Holly asked her husband, Cody, if he felt as if he was in crisis during his midlife years. Cody replied, "My thinking on a lot of things changed, but it wasn't a crisis." Cody's experience:

is consistent with current adult development experts.

Katelyn is a recent 43-year-old divorcee. She is likely to report feeling more ________ than her ex-husband, who is 45.

lonely

Dr. Taylor has a very high IQ and several post-baccalaureate degrees. Even though she is pleasant to talk with, her vocabulary is challenging. These characteristics are most closely related to:

openness.

In a recent study, a higher level of ________ following an acute coronary event was linked to engaging in more physical activity.

optimism

Michelle's employer just announced through email that there will be a restructuring of the company and jobs will be eliminated. She quickly hurried down the hall to talk to her friend Phyllis. She is responding in a typically female:

tend and befriend manner.

D'Angelo and his wife just had their last child move out of the house. They had lived vicariously through their children, letting their sports activities and various achievements dominate their lives. Now they may experience ________, which includes a decline in marital satisfaction after children leave the home.

the empty nest syndrome