PSY207 Chapter1, Mindtap practice questions

Age. Which is it? 1. Discrete 2. Continuous

2. Continuous

Weight in pounds. Which is it? 1. Discrete 2. Continuous

2. Continuous

A researcher is interested in whether listening to different types of music or no music while taking a test affects test scores. Students are randomly assigned to one of three groups: The first group takes a test without listening to an iPod, the second group takes the same test while listening to classical music on an iPod, and the third group takes the test while listening to rock music on an iPod. The researcher compares the test scores across the three groups. Which is correct? 1. Correlation 2. Experimental

2. Experimental

Real limits of 180. 1. The lower real limit is― 2. The upper real limit is―

1. 224.95-225.05 2. 130.9-131.1

•Tests (average number of questions answered correctly) •Attitudes toward Graphs (0 = student thinks that graphs used in the course did not contribute to his or her learning; 1 = graphs contributed to learning) •Gender (0 = male, 1 = female) •Academic Major (1 = business; 2 = liberal arts; 3 = science and mathematics; 4 = engineering) •Age (in years) 1. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a nominal scale? 2. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a ordinal scale? 3. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a ratio scale?

1. Attitudes toward Graphs / Gender / Academic Major 2. None 3. Tests / Age

A professor of ophthalmology is interested in developmental precursors of vision disorders. He collects data from a sample of teenagers on right-eye vision, left-eye vision, and whether the bedroom light was kept off or on as they slept during the night as babies. Which is correct? 1. Correlation 2. Experimental

1. Correlation

A statistics student interested in gender and grooming collects data on the shower length and gender of each person taking a shower from a random sample of showers. Which is correct? 1. Correlation 2. Experimental

1. Correlation

Numbers of TV set in the house. Which is it? 1. Discrete 2. Continuous

1. Discrete

Numbers of countries ever visited Which is it? 1. Discrete 2. Continuous

1. Discrete

Shoe size Which is it? 1. Discrete 2. Continuous

1. Discrete

•Heart Rate •Age Group (1 = 60 to 70 years; 2 = 71 to 80 years; 3 = 81+ years) •Body Weight •Environment (0 = nursing home; 1 = living with family) •Height 1. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a nominal scale? 2. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a ordinal scale? 3. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a ratio scale?

1. Environment 2. Age group 3. Heart Rate / Body Weight / Height

What is an example of the professor using inferential statistics? 1. He infers that if all 750 students had done the experiment, the results would show that an average of 68% (plus or minus sampling error) of the words were correctly recognized as being on the original list. 2. He reports that the average percentage of words that were correctly recognized on the original list was 68%. 3. He characterizes the first-year students at the college as consisting of 338 males and 412 females.

1. He infers that if all 750 students had done the experiment, the results would show that an average of 68% (plus or minus sampling error) of the words were correctly recognized as being on the original list.

•Temperature of Incubation (as measured in kelvin) •Gender Group of Hatchling Clutch (0 = 0%; 1 = greater than 0% but less than or equal to 10% male; 2 = greater than 10% but less than or equal to 20% male; 3 = greater than 20% but less than or equal to 30% male; and so on) •Number of Hatched Turtle Eggs •Number of Unhatched Eggs •Location of Turtles (0 = west of North America; 1 = west of South America; 2 = tropical regions of Pacific Ocean; 3 = northwestern Atlantic; 4 = Indian Ocean) 1. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a nominal scale? 2. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a ordinal scale? 3. Which variable(s) in the data set are measured using a ratio scale?

1. Location 2. Gender Group 3. Temperature of Incubation / Number of Hatched Eggs / Number of Unhatched Eggs

The values of data measured on this scale can be a number or a name, but they can be rank ordered. Which is it? 1. Ordinal scale 2. Ratio scale 3. Interval scale 4. Nominal scale

1. Ordinal scale

The values of data measured on this scale can be rank ordered. Which is it? 1. Ordinal scale 2. Ratio scale 3. Interval scale 4. Nominal scale

1. Ordinal scale

What is the population in the study? 1. The 1,000 first-year students at the college 2. The 100 students who participated in the study 3. The 34% of new words mistakenly identified as original words because they were conceptually similar

1. The 1,000 first-year students at the college

A researcher in a medical school would like to test the effectiveness of different insomnia treatments. She conducts a study on 120 volunteers, who are randomly assigned to five different insomnia treatment groups, one of which is a control group receiving a placebo. The number of hours slept per night is recorded for each participant over two weeks. What are the correct answers? ・This study is an example of 1. an experimental / 2. a non-experimental study. ・The number of hours slept per night over two weeks is the 1. dependent / 2.independent variable. The type of insomnia treatment is the 1. dependent / 2. independent variable.

1. an experimental 1. dependent / 2. independent

Researchers at a school of public health conducted a study to test the effect of organic produce on cancer mortality. The 400 patients with prostate cancer who volunteered for the study were randomly assigned to a diet of either organic or conventional produce. The progression of their cancer was monitored, and researchers documented the length of time each patient survived. What are the correct answers? ・This study is an example of 1. an experimental / 2. a non-experimental study. ・The survival time is the 1. dependent / 2. independent / 3.quasi-independent variable. The type of diet is the 1. dependent / 2. independent / 3.quasi-independent variable.

1. an experimental 1. dependent / 2. independent

An economist is interested in the demand behavior of rats. Rats in a rat lab have two levers in their cages. Pressing one lever dispenses Tom Collins mix (without alcohol); pressing the other lever dispenses the same amount of a sodium saccharin solution. Psychologists obtain data on the demand behavior by altering the total number of presses the rats are allotted and the number of presses required to dispense each of the fluids. Which is correct? 1. Correlation 2. Experimental

2. Experimental

The values of data measured on this scale can be rank ordered and have meaningful differences between scale points. For this scale, there is also an absolute zero point. Which is it? 1. Ordinal scale 2. Ratio scale 3. Interval scale 4. Nominal scale

2. Ratio scale

Values measured on this scale can be compared such that you can say, for example, one value is twice as big as another value. Which is it? 1. Ordinal scale 2. Ratio scale 3. Interval scale 4. Nominal scale

2. Ratio scale

What is an example of the professor using descriptive statistics? 1. She infers that if all 1,000 students had done the experiment, the results would show that an average of 34% (plus or minus sampling error) of new words were mistakenly identified as original words because they were conceptually similar. 2. She characterizes the first-year students at the college as consisting of 543 males and 457 females. 3. She randomly chooses the 100 students to represent the 1,000 volunteers.

2. She characterizes the first-year students at the college as consisting of 543 males and 457 females.

What is the sample in the study? 1. The 34% of new words mistakenly identified as original words because they were conceptually similar 2. The 100 students who participated in the study 3. The 1,000 student volunteers

2. The 100 students who participated in the study

Which of the following are variables in the study? 1. The 100 students 2. The students' percentage of new but conceptually similar words that were mistakenly thought to be on the original list 3. The students' verbal SAT scores 4. The 1,000 students

2. The students' percentage of new but conceptually similar words that were mistakenly thought to be on the original list 3. The students' verbal SAT scores

Researchers at a medical school conducted a study to test the effectiveness of a new treatment for lung cancer. Of the 128 lung cancer patients in an affiliated hospital, 94 volunteered for the new treatment, while the remaining 34 declined and underwent traditional treatment instead. The survival rates for the two treatment groups were measured after 12 months. ・This study is an example of 1. experimental / 2. non-experimental study. ・Whether a patient survives after 12 months is the 1. dependent / 2. independent / 3.quasi-independent variable. The type of lung cancer treatment is the 1. dependent / 2. independent / 3.quasi-independent variable.

2. non-experimental 1. dependent / 3. quasi-independent

researcher would like to find out more about the determinants of college achievement. He conducts a study on 437 college students in which he measures their IQ levels and their grades in college courses. The researcher created five different groups using the students' IQ levels and then compared the average grades among members in different groups. What are the correct answers? ・This study is an example of 1. experimental / 2. non-experimental study. ・IQ group assignment is the IQ group assignment is the 1. dependent / 2. independent / 3.quasi-independent variable. The grades of the college students is the 1. dependent / 2. independent / 3.quasi-independent variable.

2. non-experimental 3.quasi-independent / 1. dependent

What is an example of a statistic in the study? 1. 457 females and 543 males 2. 34%, the average percentage of the conceptually similar words expected to be mistaken as being on the original list by the 1,000 students 3. 34%, the average percentage of conceptually similar words mistakenly thought to be on the original list by the 100 students

3. 34%, the average percentage of conceptually similar words mistakenly thought to be on the original list by the 100 students

What is an example of the professor using descriptive statistics? 1. He infers that if all 750 students had done the experiment, the results would show that an average of 68% (plus or minus sampling error) of the words were correctly recognized as being on the original list. 2. He randomly chooses the 75 students to represent the 750 volunteers. 3. He reports that the average percentage of words that were correctly recognized on the original list was 68%.

3. He reports that the average percentage of words that were correctly recognized on the original list was 68%.

The values of data measured on this scale can be rank ordered and have meaningful differences between scale points. Which is it? 1. Ordinal scale 2. Ratio scale 3. Interval scale 4. Nominal scale

3. Interval scale

Researchers at the Columbia University Medical Center in New York conducted a study designed to investigate the relationship between positive emotions, which is known as positive affect, and coronary heart disease. Researchers measured the risk of coronary heart disease and the degree of expression of positive emotions of 1,739 healthy adults who participated in the study. The patients were then monitored for a period of 10 years for incidence of coronary heart disease. The researchers found that patients who displayed more positive affect had a lower risk of heart disease Which of the following conclusions can you make on the basis of this study? 1. Positive affect prevents coronary heart disease. 2. Negative emotions contribute to the development of coronary heart disease. 3. Positive affect is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease. 4. There is no relationship between positive affect and coronary heart disease.

3. Positive affect is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease.

What is an example of the professor using inferential statistics? 1. She characterizes the first-year students at the college as consisting of 543 males and 457 females. 2. She reports that the average percentage of new but conceptually similar words that were mistakenly thought to be on the original list was 34%. 3. She infers that if all 1,000 students had done the experiment, the results would show that an average of 34% (plus or minus sampling error) of new words were mistakenly identified as original words because they were conceptually similar.

3. She infers that if all 1,000 students had done the experiment, the results would show that an average of 34% (plus or minus sampling error) of new words were mistakenly identified as original words because they were conceptually similar.

What is an example of a parameter in the study? 1. 34% of new but conceptually similar words that were mistakenly thought to be on the original list by the 100 first-year students 2. 100 students 3. The actual average percentage of conceptually similar words that would be mistakenly recognized as being from the original list by the 1,000 first-year students

3. The actual average percentage of conceptually similar words that would be mistakenly recognized as being from the original list by the 1,000 first-year students

Data on this scale are measured by determining the category to which they belong. Which is it? 1. Ordinal scale 2. Ratio scale 3. Interval scale 4. Nominal scale

4. Nominal scale

The values of data measured on this scale can be a number or a name, but they cannot be rank ordered. Which is it? 1. Ordinal scale 2. Ratio scale 3. Interval scale 4. Nominal scale

4. Nominal scale

What are the real limits for the weight of 56 kilograms? (nearest 0.2 kilogram)

55.9-56.1

What are the real limits for the weight of 95 kilograms? (nearest 0.1kg)

94.95-95.05