PSYC 3620 Chapter 8 Quiz

Transcortical motor aphasia results from disruptions between: A) Broca's area and the concept center B) Wernicke's area and the concept center C) Broca's area and Wernicke's area D) None of these

A) Broca's area and the concept center

Damage to the right hemisphere may result in what type of language deficits? (Assume that the left-hemisphere is dominant for language) A) Difficulty in understanding metaphors or jokes B) Difficulty in producing proper grammar C) Difficulty in producing language D) None of these

A) Difficulty in understanding metaphors or jokes

A patient's symptoms include poor spoken and written comprehension but fluent and reasonably grammatical speech output. What is the most probable diagnosis? A) Wernicke's aphasia B) acquired aphasia C) conduction aphasia D) Broca's aphasia

A) Wernicke's aphasia

Transcortical sensory aphasia results from disruptions between: A) Wernicke's area and the concept center B) Broca's area and the concept center C) Broca's area and Wernicke's area D) None of these

A) Wernicke's area and the concept center

Patient "Tan," studied by the neurologist Broca, had great difficulty in generating spontaneous speech and was unable to utter any word other than the nonsense syllable "tan." Postmortem autopsy of Tan's brain revealed A) a lesion in the left inferior frontal cortex. B) abnormal EEG signals from the left frontal operculum. C) cerebral hemorrhage in the right inferior frontal lobes. D) demyelination in a region of the left anterior frontal lobes.

A) a lesion in the left inferior frontal cortex.

People with Broca's aphasia may have subtle deficits in their ability to comprehend language based on its grammatical structure. This symptom is called... A) agrammatism B) aphemia C) aexia D) semantic dementia

A) agrammatism

________ is a general term for deficits in language comprehension and production that occur as the result of brain injury. A) aphasia B) anomia C) agrammatism D) alexia

A) aphasia

An impairment in motor planning or programming of speech is called... A) apraxia B) aphasia C) anomia D) dysarthia

A) apraxia

What band of fibers connects Broca's and Wernicke's areas? A) arcuate fasciculus B) inferior longitudinal fasciculus C) superior longitudinal fasciculus D) none of these

A) arcuate fasciculus

Conduction aphasia results from... A) damage to the arcuate fasciculus B) damage to Broca's area C) damage to Wernicke's area D) damage to both Broca's and Wernicke's areas

A) damage to the arcuate fasciculus

A patient with Parkinson's disease is likely to suffer which of these language deficits? A) dysarthia B) anomia C) apraxia D) aphasia

A) dysarthia

Which aphasia is the worst? A) global B) conduction C) transcortical motor D) transcortical sensory

A) global

Syntax is synonymous to... A) grammar B) meaning C) sounds D) comprehension

A) grammar

In 95% of right-handed individuals, Broca's area is located in which hemisphere? A) left B) right C) both

A) left

The smallest units of sound composing a language are called... A) phonemes B) morphemes C) memes D) soundemics

A) phonemes

Neologisms are a type of... A) phonemic paraphasia B) semantic paraphasia C) anomia D) apraxia

A) phonemic paraphasia

________ specifically refers to the variations in the pitch of a speaker's voice that convey emotion and emphasis in speech. A) prosody B) phonology C) speech segmentation D) orthography

A) prosody

A person with conduction aphasia is most likely to have difficulty in... A) repeating spoken language B) comprehending spoken language C) speaking fluently D) understanding function words like "if" or "but"

A) repeating spoken language

Language errors in which a person substitutes words that are related in meaning for one another are called... A) semantic paraphasias B) lemma confusions C) syntactic substitutions D) orthographic intrustions

A) semantic paraphasias

Wernickes area is most closely associated with what type of language processing? A) semantics B) phonology C) syntactic D) vocabulary

A) semantics

Phonology refers to the aspects of language that deal with... A) sounds of language B) grammar C) comprehension D) none of these

A) sounds of language

The speech of people with Broca's aphasia is usually slow and effortful and consists of primarily concrete words, while words that serve grammatical functions are omitted. This type of speech output is called... A) telegraphic speech B) word salad C) spectral speech D) paraphasic speech

A) telegraphic speech

The German neurologist Wernicke found that injury to which region of the brain resulted in poor language comprehension and nonsensical but relatively fluent speech? A) the left posterior and superior temporal lobe B) the left arcuate fasciculus C) the right inferior frontal lobe D) the right medial temporal lobe

A) the left posterior and superior temporal lobe

Scientists and clinicians can usually determine language lateralization using all of these methods except: A) listening to someone talk B) Wada test C) fMRI D) electrophysiology

a) listening to someone talk

Alexia can occur without agraphia. T/F

true

Crossed aphasia is when a right-handed individual suffers damage in the right hemisphere resulting in language deficits. T/F

true