PSYC TEST 4: mod 41
When people experience an unpleasant state of psychological tension resulting from two inconsistent thoughts or perceptions, they are said to be experiencing:
cognitive dissonance
Dr. Perez is studying prejudice and discrimination. She is MOST likely a _____ psychologist
social
Dr. Scholz is reading an article describing research in which investigators examined how the presence of other people influenced participants' performance on a variety of tasks. Dr. Scholz is MOST likely reading the Journal of Research in _____ Psychology
social
Our attitudes about another person are MOST likely to influence the way we treat that person if our attitudes are:
stable
During the Korean War, many U.S. prisoners of war were held in war camps run by Chinese communists. Without using brutality, the captors secured the prisoners' collaboration in various activities. Some did simple tasks to gain privileges while others completed radio appeals and false confessions or divulged military information. When the war ended, 21 prisoners chose to stay with the communists. More returned home convinced that communism was a good thing for Asia. The Chinese captors were able to accomplish this by using:
the foot-in-the-door phenomenon
Amir is driving to campus one day when another car cuts him off and speeds ahead. Immediately, he yells out "Crazy driver!" not realizing that the person may be rushing to get to the hospital. Amir's judgment BEST illustrates the _____ error.
fundamental attribution
Christine thinks her job's strict lateness policy is an indication of her boss's overly controlling personality, rather than a necessity dictated by the company's high sales goal (her boss has to report how many shoes were sold each day to the corporate headquarters). Her judgment BEST illustrates the _____ error
fundamental attribution
People frequently fail to consider the influence of external circumstances on others' behavior. This is the:
fundamental attribution error.
_____ are feelings that are based on beliefs. They predispose people to react in a particular way to objects, people, and events.
attitudes
People are LEAST likely to make the fundamental attribution error if they:
have a long-term friendship with the person they are observing.
DeWayne is a police officer. When he is off the job, he is an easygoing, fun-loving person who enjoys life. When he is on the job, he is a very stern, serious, and no-nonsense police officer. DeWayne's professional behavior is an example of a
role
In the Stanford Prison Study, subjects were randomly assigned to be prisoners and guards in the experiment. The guards wore khaki prison uniforms, carried nightsticks, and wore sunglasses while the prisoners wore prison garb with their prison numbers on the back. These costumes signified the _____ each of the subjects was to play in the experiment.
role
You would probably be LEAST likely to commit the fundamental attribution error in explaining why:
you failed a college exam
Which statement reflects the fundamental attribution error?
eryn cheated because she is dishonest (reflects her personality)
Amber stops for a cup of coffee and the server yells at her when she sits at a table that has not been cleared. Amber is convinced that the server should find another line of work—one in which her angry personality traits will not interfere with her job. However, she disregards the possibility that the restaurant is short of help that day. Amber has just fallen prey to
the fundamental attribution error
_____ psychologists investigate how people think about, influence, and relate to one another.
social
