psyc test 4
grateful people characteristics
-agreeable -emotionally stable -extroverted -self-confident (not narcissistic) -humilty -non-materialistic -more positive emotions -less negative emotions -optimism -hope -patience -empathy -sharing -foregiveness -trusting of others -perceived social support -giving one's time for the benefit of others
gratitude interventions (4)
-grateful recounting -grateful reflection -grateful expression -grateful reappraisal
character strengths describe how one:
-relates to their inner psychological world -relates to others in their world -relates to the future -views their responsibility to community
correlates of graittude
-subjective well-being -physical well-being -psychological well-being -spiritual well-being -life satisfaction -perception of more meaning in life -predictor of less depression in life
criteria for classification of character strengths just names (12)
-ubiquity -fulfilling -morally valued -does not diminish others -nonfelicitous opposites -traitlike -measurable -distincitiveness -paragons -prodigies -selective absence -instutions
6 virtues
-wisdom -humanity -justice -temperance -transcendence -courage
3 broad historic conceptualizations of curioisty
1. deficit motivation 2. intrinsic motivation 3. individual differences
dimensions of positive psychology
positive subjective states positive individual traits positive institutions
temperance - self-regulation defintion
regulating what one feels and does
signature strengths quote
signature strengths often represent the lens through which ppl view the world. this lens influences the things ppl value or find important in a situation, the kinds of questions they tend to ask, the information they focus on, and the emotions they experience, all of which can shape their behavior. understanding others' core strengths can provide some insight into how they view a situation and why they might respond to it as they do
courage - integrity/honesty defintion
speaking the truth and presenting oneself in a genuine way
gratitude can be thought of as a
state or trait
temperance defintion
strengths protecting against excess
transcendence defintion
strengths that forge connections to the larger universe and provide meaning
wisdom - curiosity defintion
taking an interest in all of the ongoing experience
curiosity
the recognition and pursuit of and intense desire to explore novel, challenging, and uncertain events
wisdom - creativity defintion
thinking of novel and productive ways to do things
wisdom - judgment/open-mindedness defintion
thinking things through and examining them from all sides
conceptualize gratitude
thoughts, emotions, behaviors
justice - fairness defintion
treating all ppl the same according to notions of fairness and justice
VIA classification
tried to be mutually exclusive and exhaustive organized 24 character strengths under 6 virtues
humanity - love defintion
valuing close relationships w others
individual differences
variation in curiosity translates into big differences in behavior and life outcomes
curiosity and exploration inventory (CEI-II) -- stretching
wanting new knowledge and experiences
measuring curiosity -- as a feeling of deprivation
wanting to know because not knowing is frustrating
measuring curiosity -- as a feeling of interest
wanting to know for its own sake
justice - teamwork defintion
working well as member of a group or team
3 gratitude research areas:
1. measurement and conceptualization 2. characteristics of grateful people 3. applications of gratitude
creativity and psychopathology
Rates of apparent psychological disorder in samples of highly creative individuals often seem somewhat on the high side esp when pursuing artistic forms of creative expression Also the amount of psychopathological symptoms or traits correlates w the level of creative achievement attained Creativity and psychopathology are positively associated w cognitive disinhibition - reduced capacity to filter out extraneous info Creativity and psychopathology are by no means equivalent tho - they are borderline b/w normal and abnormal more low key symptoms
curiosity and developmental adversity
Under the right conditions, exposure to traumatic or difficult experiences early in life can make a positive contribution to the development of creative potential - creativity as an adaptive response to such circumstances Weird cause these same circumstances (paradox) can also be associated w depression, juvenile delinquency, etc
virtues defintion
a disposition to act, desire, and feel that involves the exercise of judgment and leads to a recognizable human excellence or instance of human flourishing
how does gratitude enhance well-being
amplification! gratitude might amplify ... -the good in cognition -the good in relationships -the good in oneself
curiosity and interest
an approach-oriented motivation to learn and explore
character strengths under transcendance
appreciation of beauty and excellence gratitude hope humor spirituality/religiousness
courage - zest defintion
approaching life w excitement and energy
wisdom - perspective defintion
being able to provide wise counsel to others
transcendence - gratitude defintion
being aware of and thankful for the good things that happen
humanity- social intelligence defintion
being aware of the motives and feelings of self and others
temperance - prudence defintion
being careful about one's choices; not saying or doing things that might later be regretted
curiosity and exploration inventory (CEI-II) -- embracing
being willing to accept the unpredictable and complex nature of daily life
what is a character strength
character strengths are the subset of personality traits in which we place moral value
justice defintion
civic strengths underlying healthy community life
wisdom defintion
cognitive strengths entailing the acquisition and use of knowledge
fulfilling
contributes to individual fulfillment, satisfaction, and happiness to broadly construed
diff dimensions of creativity to measure or look at
creative process, creative person, creative product
character strengths under wisdom
creativity curiosity judgment/open-mindedness love of learning perspective
intrinsic motivation
curiosity motivates people to explore and learn for their own sakes
deficit motivation
curiosity motivates ppl to fill gaps in knowledge, reduce unpleasant uncertainty, and minimize aversive states of drive
trait gratitude
disposition for gratitude (GQ-6)
humanity - kindness defintion
doing favors and good deeds for tohers
does not. diminish others
elevates others who witness it producing admiration not jealousy
courage defintion
emotional strengths involving the exercise of will to accomplish goals in the face of opposition, external or internal
curiosity and interest -- classification of knowledge emotions
emotions associated w learning and thinking (interest, surprise, confusion, awe) contributes to building knowledge, skills, relationships
little c
everyday creativity enhances everyday life and work w superior problem-solving creative person
transcendence - hope defintion
expecting the best and working to achieve it
character strengths under justice
fairness leadership teamwork
courage - perseverance defintion
finishing what one starts
character strengths under temperance
foregiveness modesty/humility prudence self-regulation
temperance - forgivenes defintion
forgiving those who who have done wrong
big c
genius-level creativity makes more lasting contributions to culture and history
non felicitous opposites
has obvious antonyms that are neative
transcendence - spirtiuality/religiousness defintion
having coherent beliefs about the higher purpose and meaning of life
domain-specific vs domain general processes
herefore, whereas domain-general theories would propose that acquisition of language and mathematical skill are developed by the same broad set of cognitive skills, domain-specific theories would propose that they are genetically, neurologically and computationally independent.
what character strengths are strongest predictors of well-being
hope, zest, curiosity, sense of humor
obstacles to promoting gratitude
incompatible attitudes: -perceptions of victimhood -inability to admit own shortcomings -envy -resentment -overemphasis on materialistic values -narcissism
gratitude is not
indebtedness
character strengths under courage
integrity / honesty bravery perservance zest
consequences of interest vs enjoyment
interest strongly predicts exploratory action while enjoyment only modestly predicts exploratory action
interest vs enjoyment
interesting things are rated as new, complex, dynamic, and challenging enjoyable things are rated as familiar, calming, stable, and resolved
humanity defintin
interpersonal strengths that involve tending and befriending others
traitlike
is an individual difference w demonstrable generality and stability
morally valued
is valued in its own right and not as a means to an end
ubiquity
is widely recognized and celebrated across cultures
character strengths under humanity
kindness love social intelligence
what are most frequently reported virtues among 54 nations
kindness, fairness, authenticity, gratitude, and open-mindedness
temperance - modesty/humility defintion
letting one's accomplishments speak for themselves
transcendence - humor defintion
liking to laugh and joke; bringing smiles to other people
character strengths associated w life satisfaction
love, gratitude, hope, curiosity, zest
wisdom - love of learning defintion
mastering new skills, topics, and bodies of knowledge
state gratitude
momentary experience of grateful emotion (GAS)
theoretical issues
nature vs nurture, little c vs big c , domain specific vs domain general
excess on any one character strengths does
not diminish life satisfaction
courage - bravery defintnion
not shrinking from threat, challenge, difficulty or pain
transcendence - appreciation of beauty and excellence defintion
noticing and appreciating beauty, excellence, and/or skilled performance in all domains of life
justice- leadership defintion
organizing group activities and seeing that they happen
character strengths-- methods
our classification of character strengths under core virtues is a conceptual scheme and not an empirical claim
