Sociology Quiz Chapter 1
Social Structure
Any relative stable pattern of social behavior
The pioneering sociologist who studied patterns of suicide in Europe
Emile Durkheim
Structural Functional Approach
Framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability =Macro level
Social-Conflict Approach
Framework for building theory that sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change =Macro level
Symbolic-Interaction Approach
Framework for building theory that sees society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals Micro level
Sociological theory
Statement of how and why specific facts are related
Social Function
The consequences of a social pattern for the operation of any society as a whole
Sociology
The systematic study of human society. At the heart of the discipline is a distinctive point of view= sociological perspective
Scientific Stage
Work of early scientists such as Copernicus and Galileo and Isaac Newton to the study of society
Micro-level orientation
focusing on something very small
Positivist orientation
is linked to the structural functional approach (because both are concerned with the scientific goal of understanding society as it is)
Macro-level orientation
on the big picture
Metaphysical Stage
people saw society as a natural rather than supernatural phenomenon
Manifest Functions
the recognized and intended consequence of any social pattern
Scientific Orientation
the researcher carefully observes behavior gathering empirical, ideally quantitive, data
Latent Functions
the unrecognized and unintended consequences of any social pattern
More than 1 million immigrants enter each year
the world's nations are increasingly interconnected
Critical orientation
to the social conflict approach (because both seek to reduce social inequality)
Interpretive orientation
to the symbolic interaction approach (because of both focuses on the meanings people attach to their social world)
The sociologist who stated that the point is not just to understand the world but to change it was Karl Marx
true
Positivist Sociology
Study of society based on scientific observation of social behavior
Theological Stage
From the beginning of human history up to the end of the European Middle Ages = Comte
Social Dysfunction
Social pattern that may disrupt the operation of society
Interpretive Sociology
Study of society that focuses on discovering the meanings people attach to their social world
Critical Sociology
Study of society that focuses on the needs for social change
