Psych 101 quizzes

interpersonal; intrapersonal

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence.

lens; fovea

In a normal-sighted individual, the ________ will focus images perfectly on a small indentation in the back of the eye known as the ________.

Punishment

In operant conditioning, what describes adding something to decrease the likelihood of behavior?

usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors

Individuals undergoing hypnosis ________.

Stimulus generalization

Kerry is conditioned to fear strawberries. Raspberries are similar to strawberries, and even though no attempt was made to make Kerry fear raspberries, she reacts with fear when she sees them. This is an example of ________.

developmental

Lucy wants to study changes in cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology.

They have not defined happiness or how it will be measured.

Magali and Jean-Gabriel have been asked to design a study investigating happiness across the lifespan. They decide their study will involve going to the mall and asking people of a variety of ages if they are happy or unhappy. What is the most serious flaw of this design?

are possible to test with animal studies

Many studies that cannot ethically be conducted as experiments with typical human participants ________.

episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops

Sleep apnea is defined by ________.

control

The ________ group does not get the experimental treatment.

amygdala

The ________ is involved in our experience of emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories.

terminal buttons; synaptic vesicles

The ________ of a neuron contain ________ that house neurotransmitters, the chemical messengers of the nervous system.

encoding

The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness is known as ________.

temporal

The auditory cortex is located in which lobe of the brain?

experiment

The only way to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two variables is to conduct a(n) ________.

detailed information

A major advantage of case studies is ________.

one variable decreases as the other increases

A negative correlation means ________.

type of play; no play

Devine et al. are interested in assessing whether active versus passive play causes a preference for sweet or salty foods in toddlers. They assign groups of children to either an active play, passive play, or no play group and record their food choices when presented with a variety of sweet and salty foods. In this study, ________ is the independent variable and ________ is the control group.

no sensation in his legs and feet

Dmitris is in a car accident and his parietal lobe is injured. Which of the following is the most likely behavioral effect of his accident?

psychoanalytic theory

Dr. Bogdarian noticed that one of her students addresses her with the word mother instead of the word professor or doctor. Dr. Bogdarian applies the principles of ________, and hypothesizes the student misspeaks because he is unconsciously associating her with his mother.

thermoception

Due to his sense of ________, Abraham knows he is cold when he is outside during a blizzard, and he knows he is hot after he comes inside and eats soup by the fire.

personality

Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ________.

cornea; pupil

Light waves are transmitted across the ________ and enter the eye through the ________.

only the right visual field

People who have their corpus callosum severed for medical reasons would be able to tell you about which images shown to ________.

social psychology

Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________.

analytical

Tasks that require you to compare, contrast, or evaluate are using the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence.

reticular formation

The ________ extends through the hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain.

validity

________ refers to the ability of an instrument or tool to accurately measure what it is supposed to measure.

Primary

___________ reinforcers have innate reinforcing qualities

binocular

________disparity refers to the slightly different view of the world that each eye receives.

creative

________intelligence is marked by inventing or imagining a solution to a problem or situation.

clinical psychology

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in?

studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.

experience more pervasive daily stress, which affects how the brain functions and develops, thus causing a dip in IQ scores

Children who live in poverty perform worse on intelligence tests because they________.

operant conditioning

Hideki tells a lie and is grounded. He does this several times, finally learning that his behavior (lying) is associated with a consequence (being grounded). Which kind of learning is this?

Stimulus discrimination

If slamming a door is a conditioned stimulus then being able to distinguish between the sound of a slamming door and the sound of a heavy item being dropped would represent ____________

circadian

Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world.

the mind and behavior

Psychology is a social science discipline. Psychologists scientifically study ________.

neurotransmitter

Psychotropic medications are drugs that treat psychiatric symptoms by restoring ________ balance.

revealed a genetic component to intelligence

What did the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart suggest about intelligence? The findings from this study ________.

They are all examples of applied psychology.

What do industrial and organizational psychology, health psychology, sport and exercise psychology, forensic psychology, and clinical psychology all have in common?

focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs

What is confirmation bias?

If you want to remember a piece of information, you should think about it more deeply and link it to other information and memories to make it more meaningful.

What is the main idea of levels of processing theory?

recognition

When you take a multiple-choice test, you are relying on ________, a means of retrieving information out of your long-term memory storage system that helps you choose the correct answer.

Knowing that a student fears exams, the instructor wears a bright red shirt only on exam day, every exam day, to see how long it is before the red shirt becomes an object of fear to the student

Which experiment involves the use of classical conditioning?

Gestalt

Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure?

forensic

Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation?

smelling cookies in the oven

Which of the following exemplifies olfaction?

Classical Condition

Which of the following is a process by which we learn to associate stimuli and consequently to anticipate events

less exposure to carcinogens

Which of the following is not a benefit associated with adequate amounts of sleep?

modest

Which of the following is not one of the four subtypes of intellectual disability?

+0.2

Which of the following represents a weak positive correlation?

experimental

Which of the following research designs will allow cause-and-effect conclusions?

Sleep deprivation often results in ADHD.

Which of the following statements about sleep deprivation is false?

hippocampus

Which part of my brain is probably damaged if I am unable to recognize basic objects around my house?

cerebellum

Which part of the brain is most involved in creating implicit memories?

Rosalind Cartwright

Which researcher believed that dreams simply reflect life events that are important to the dreamer?

sleep

Which state is marked by relatively low levels of physical activity and reduced sensory awareness that is distinct from periods of rest while awake?

visual

________ encoding is the encoding of images.

humanism

________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.