Psych 1101: Module 49
What percent of people cross the line from normal preoccupations and fussiness to a debilitating disorder?
2%
Two disorders that involve anxiety
Obessive compulsion disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder
Symptoms of PTSD
Re-experiencing the traumatic event, avoidance, reduced responsiveness, increased arousal, negative emotions, and guilt. Also anxiety and trouble sleeping
______________ helps maintain learned fears and anxieties
Reinforcement
Panic attacks
Sudden episodes of intense dread or sudden fear that come without warning
True or false: OCD is more popular in teens and young adults than older adults
True
generalized anxiety disorder
a diffuse state of constant anxiety not associated with any specific object or event
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
a disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience
What else can influence PTSD development?
a more sensitive emotion processing limbic system Genes Gender
Thirty-five-year-old Lucy needs to have her blood taken. She is so distraught by this that she must mentally prepare herself for it as well as take a short-acting sedative. Lucy seems to be suffering from
a phobia
Compulsion is to _____ as _____ is to thought.
action; obsession
If one avoids situations in which help may not be available when panic strikes, one may be suffering from
agoraphobia
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)
social anxiety disorder
an anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of being embarrassed, judged, or scrutinized by others in social situations
Phobias
an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation
psychoanalytic theory (Freud)
beginning in childhood people repress intolerable ideas, impulses and feelings. Freud believed that this feelings then leaked out in odd symptoms such as anxious handwriting
agoraphobia
fear of open spaces
Diane is constantly concerned about things at work, even when she is at home. She is constantly worried about her home life, even when she is at work. Diane has free-floating worry that makes her tense, irritable, impairs her concentration, and leaves her with many sleepless nights. Diane MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder.
generalized anxiety
Lenore is continually tense and plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder
generalized anxiety
OCD related disorders
hoarding, excoriation, trichotillomania, body dysmorphic disorder
People with anxiety disorders tend to be __________
hyper vigilant
Michael is extremely fearful of germs. He sleeps in a special chamber at night, wears gloves, and will only eat food that he can unwrap. His symptoms are MOST characteristic of _____ disorder.
obsessive compulsive
is characterized by a person having intrusive thoughts that may lead to repetitive actions
obsessive compulsive disorder
Thirty-five-year-old Aria needs to have her blood taken. She is so distraught by this that she must mentally prepare herself for it as well as take a short-acting sedative. Aria seems to be suffering from a(n) _____
phobia
The higher the distress the greater risk for ______________ symptoms
post traumatic
cingulate cortex
primary cortical component of the limbic system, involved in emotional and cognitive processing
Anxiety Disorders
psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety
Penny is an intensely shy person who rarely attends gatherings of people. In addition, she normally will not accept dinner invitations and refuses to speak in public, even if it is among a group of friends. Penny MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder.
social anxiety
disorder may result in the avoidance of speaking in public, eating in public, or going to parties
social anxiety
survivor resiliency
A term used for those who have gone through a traumatic experience and yet do not develop PTSD
Which disorders reflect a brain danger detection system gone hyperactive?
Generalized anxiety disorder, panic attacks, phobias, OCD, and PTSD
Epigenetic marks
chemical modifications to DNA that can turn genes on and off
Through __________ _____________, our fear responses can become linked with formerly neural objects and events
classical conditioning
Other than conditioning, what other factor influences our feelings of anxiety?
cognition
How do anxious feelings and cognitions arise?
conditioning, cognition and biology
stimulus generalization
the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response
Panic disorder
An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.
True or false: genes can effect whether or not someone will develop an anxiety disorder
True
When is an anxiety or an anxiety related disorder most likely to develop?
when bad events happen unpredictability and uncontrollably
symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder
worry, jittery, agitated and sleep deprived, depression and high blood pressure