Psych 1101: Module 49

What percent of people cross the line from normal preoccupations and fussiness to a debilitating disorder?

2%

Two disorders that involve anxiety

Obessive compulsion disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder

Symptoms of PTSD

Re-experiencing the traumatic event, avoidance, reduced responsiveness, increased arousal, negative emotions, and guilt. Also anxiety and trouble sleeping

______________ helps maintain learned fears and anxieties

Reinforcement

Panic attacks

Sudden episodes of intense dread or sudden fear that come without warning

True or false: OCD is more popular in teens and young adults than older adults

True

generalized anxiety disorder

a diffuse state of constant anxiety not associated with any specific object or event

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

a disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, numbness of feeling, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

What else can influence PTSD development?

a more sensitive emotion processing limbic system Genes Gender

Thirty-five-year-old Lucy needs to have her blood taken. She is so distraught by this that she must mentally prepare herself for it as well as take a short-acting sedative. Lucy seems to be suffering from

a phobia

Compulsion is to _____ as _____ is to thought.

action; obsession

If one avoids situations in which help may not be available when panic strikes, one may be suffering from

agoraphobia

obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) and/or actions (compulsions)

social anxiety disorder

an anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of being embarrassed, judged, or scrutinized by others in social situations

Phobias

an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation

psychoanalytic theory (Freud)

beginning in childhood people repress intolerable ideas, impulses and feelings. Freud believed that this feelings then leaked out in odd symptoms such as anxious handwriting

agoraphobia

fear of open spaces

Diane is constantly concerned about things at work, even when she is at home. She is constantly worried about her home life, even when she is at work. Diane has free-floating worry that makes her tense, irritable, impairs her concentration, and leaves her with many sleepless nights. Diane MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder.

generalized anxiety

Lenore is continually tense and plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder

generalized anxiety

OCD related disorders

hoarding, excoriation, trichotillomania, body dysmorphic disorder

People with anxiety disorders tend to be __________

hyper vigilant

Michael is extremely fearful of germs. He sleeps in a special chamber at night, wears gloves, and will only eat food that he can unwrap. His symptoms are MOST characteristic of _____ disorder.

obsessive compulsive

is characterized by a person having intrusive thoughts that may lead to repetitive actions

obsessive compulsive disorder

Thirty-five-year-old Aria needs to have her blood taken. She is so distraught by this that she must mentally prepare herself for it as well as take a short-acting sedative. Aria seems to be suffering from a(n) _____

phobia

The higher the distress the greater risk for ______________ symptoms

post traumatic

cingulate cortex

primary cortical component of the limbic system, involved in emotional and cognitive processing

Anxiety Disorders

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

Penny is an intensely shy person who rarely attends gatherings of people. In addition, she normally will not accept dinner invitations and refuses to speak in public, even if it is among a group of friends. Penny MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder.

social anxiety

disorder may result in the avoidance of speaking in public, eating in public, or going to parties

social anxiety

survivor resiliency

A term used for those who have gone through a traumatic experience and yet do not develop PTSD

Which disorders reflect a brain danger detection system gone hyperactive?

Generalized anxiety disorder, panic attacks, phobias, OCD, and PTSD

Epigenetic marks

chemical modifications to DNA that can turn genes on and off

Through __________ _____________, our fear responses can become linked with formerly neural objects and events

classical conditioning

Other than conditioning, what other factor influences our feelings of anxiety?

cognition

How do anxious feelings and cognitions arise?

conditioning, cognition and biology

stimulus generalization

the tendency to respond to a stimulus that is only similar to the original conditioned stimulus with the conditioned response

Panic disorder

An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.

True or false: genes can effect whether or not someone will develop an anxiety disorder

True

When is an anxiety or an anxiety related disorder most likely to develop?

when bad events happen unpredictability and uncontrollably

symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder

worry, jittery, agitated and sleep deprived, depression and high blood pressure