PSYCH 2110 Exam 2
Stimulants
Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.
Whose stage theory of moral development was based on how people reasoned about ethical dilemmas?
Kohlberg
Methamphetamine
a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels
ecstasy
a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition.
According to Kohlberg, postconventional morality involves
affrimation of self-defined ethical principles
the procwess of imprinting involves the formation of a(n)
attachment
Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?
barbiturates
depressents are drugs such as
barbiturates and opiates
which of the followung psychoactive drugs produces the quickest and most powerful rush of euphoria
cocaine
defining one's identify in terms of one's extended family or work group is most closely associated with
collctivism
Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a
concept of conservation
chromosomes are composed of
deoxyribonucleic acid
Depressents
drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
Barbiturates
drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment
An organism's complete set of genetic instructions is called the
genome
a mother who is slow responding to her infant's cries of distress is most likely trying to encourage
insecure attachemnt
which of the following is an example of a secondary sex characteristics
male facial hair
Freus called the remembered story line of a dream its ________ content
manifest
those who believe that hyponosis is a social phenomenonargue that ihyponotizedi indiviuals are
merely acting out a role
morphine and herion are
opiates
Opiates
opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety
consciousness is defined in the text as
our awareness of ourselves and our environment
Adoptive parents are LEAST likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children.
personality traits
To which of Kohlberg's levels would moral reasoning based on the existence of fundamental human rights pertain?
postconventitional morality
Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) ________ morality.
preconventional
reigs thinks its wrong to drive over the speed limit simply because he might get punished fot doing so. He is demonstrating Kohlberg's _____ stage of morality
preconventional
identical twins who have seperate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta. This best illustrates the influence of ______ on development.
prenatal environments
Genes direct our physical development by synthesizing
proteins
Hallucinogens
psychedelic ("mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input
Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called ________ drugs.
psychoactive
Adolescence is marked by the onset of
puberty
the congnitive ability that has been shown to decline during adulthood is the ability to
recall new information
Although 3-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room, he periodically returns to his mother's side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of
secure attachment
during which stage of cognitive development do children acquire object permanence
sensorimotor
taking certain drugs during pregency is likely to expose unborn child to
teratogen
according to the physiological theory, dreaming represents
the brain's efforts to inegrate unrelated bursts of activity in visual brain areas with the emotional tone provided by limibic system activity
Before Piaget, people were more likely to believe that
the child's mind is a miniature model of the adult's
According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to
the difficulty perceiving things from another person's point of view
temperament
emotional excitability
of the following, parents are most likely to influence their children's
faith
Two individuals are most likely to differ in personality if they are
fraternal twins who were raised apart
In considering gender differences, you should remember that
gender similiarities are much greater than gender differences
ecolutionary psychologists attribute the human tendency to fear snakes and heights to
genetic predispositions