PSYCH 2110 Exam 2

Stimulants

Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.

Whose stage theory of moral development was based on how people reasoned about ethical dilemmas?

Kohlberg

Methamphetamine

a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels

ecstasy

a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition.

According to Kohlberg, postconventional morality involves

affrimation of self-defined ethical principles

the procwess of imprinting involves the formation of a(n)

attachment

Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?

barbiturates

depressents are drugs such as

barbiturates and opiates

which of the followung psychoactive drugs produces the quickest and most powerful rush of euphoria

cocaine

defining one's identify in terms of one's extended family or work group is most closely associated with

collctivism

Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a

concept of conservation

chromosomes are composed of

deoxyribonucleic acid

Depressents

drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Barbiturates

drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment

An organism's complete set of genetic instructions is called the

genome

a mother who is slow responding to her infant's cries of distress is most likely trying to encourage

insecure attachemnt

which of the following is an example of a secondary sex characteristics

male facial hair

Freus called the remembered story line of a dream its ________ content

manifest

those who believe that hyponosis is a social phenomenonargue that ihyponotizedi indiviuals are

merely acting out a role

morphine and herion are

opiates

Opiates

opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

consciousness is defined in the text as

our awareness of ourselves and our environment

Adoptive parents are LEAST likely to influence the ________ of their adopted children.

personality traits

To which of Kohlberg's levels would moral reasoning based on the existence of fundamental human rights pertain?

postconventitional morality

Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) ________ morality.

preconventional

reigs thinks its wrong to drive over the speed limit simply because he might get punished fot doing so. He is demonstrating Kohlberg's _____ stage of morality

preconventional

identical twins who have seperate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta. This best illustrates the influence of ______ on development.

prenatal environments

Genes direct our physical development by synthesizing

proteins

Hallucinogens

psychedelic ("mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called ________ drugs.

psychoactive

Adolescence is marked by the onset of

puberty

the congnitive ability that has been shown to decline during adulthood is the ability to

recall new information

Although 3-year-old Adam happily explores the attractive toys located in the dentist's waiting room, he periodically returns to his mother's side for brief moments. Adam most clearly displays signs of

secure attachment

during which stage of cognitive development do children acquire object permanence

sensorimotor

taking certain drugs during pregency is likely to expose unborn child to

teratogen

according to the physiological theory, dreaming represents

the brain's efforts to inegrate unrelated bursts of activity in visual brain areas with the emotional tone provided by limibic system activity

Before Piaget, people were more likely to believe that

the child's mind is a miniature model of the adult's

According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to

the difficulty perceiving things from another person's point of view

temperament

emotional excitability

of the following, parents are most likely to influence their children's

faith

Two individuals are most likely to differ in personality if they are

fraternal twins who were raised apart

In considering gender differences, you should remember that

gender similiarities are much greater than gender differences

ecolutionary psychologists attribute the human tendency to fear snakes and heights to

genetic predispositions