PSYCH Chapter 2 ONLY

Bailey is a subject in a study on memory and problem solving. The researcher is applying magnetic pulses to her brain through copper wire coils positioned directly above her scalp. Bailey's study would best be described as...

... The researcher is applying magnetic pulses to her brain through copper wire coils positioned directly above her scalp. Bailey's study would best be described as the noninvasive stimulation technique.

Which neurotransmitter stimulates muscle cells to contract but slows contractions in the heart?

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter which stimulates muscle cells to contract but slows contractions in the heart.

Andrew has always been thin. In fact, he often seems to be able to eat whatever he wants without gaining weight. The doctor told his parents that Andrew's ______ gland is the cause of his fast metabolism.

Andrew has always been thin. In fact, he often seems to be able to eat whatever he wants without gaining weight. The doctor told his parents that Andrew's thyroid gland is the cause of his fast metabolism.

Heroin mimics the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals and creating a "high" feeling. Heroin is an example of a(n):

Heroin mimics the actions of endorphins, inhibiting pain signals and creating a "high" feeling. Heroin is an example of an agonist.

If you touch a hot stove, your spinal cord can prompt you to withdraw your hand without having to send the message all the way to the brain. This is due to what scientists call....

If you touch a hot stove, your spinal cord can prompt you to withdraw your hand without having to send the message all the way to the brain. This is due to what scientists call the reflex arc.

The primary visual cortex can be found in this lobe of the cortex.

In the occipital lobe you would find the primary visual cortex.

In the structure of the neuron, the _______ receives messages from other cells.

In the structure of the neuron, the dendrite receives messages from other cells.

Involuntary muscles are controlled by the _____ nervous system.

Involuntary muscles are controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

Jaime's grandfather recently suffered a stroke and has had difficulty with language production ever since. Most likely, he has experienced damage to the ______ area of his brain.

Jaime's grandfather recently suffered a stroke and has had difficulty with language production ever since. Most likely, he has experienced damage to the left frontal area of his brain.

What is the process whereby the structure and the function of brain cells change in the response to trauma, damage, or even learning?

Neuroplasticity is the process whereby the structure and the function of brain cells change in the response to trauma, damage, or even learning.

Neurotransmitters must pass from an axon terminal to the next dendrite by crossing a fluid-filled space called the what?

Neurotransmitters must pass from an axon terminal to the next dendrite by crossing a fluid-filled space called the synaptic gap

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells generate a fatty substance known as...

Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells generate a fatty substance known as myelin.

As you take notes, your heart beats at a normal rate. Your breathing is normal and your stomach slowly digests your earlier meal. What division of the peripheral nervous is currently in action?

Parasympathetic

Robert has a difficulty sleeping for the past 6 months and his body seemingly no longer differentiates between night and day. His doctor believes the problem lies with Robert's endocrine system. What gland will Robert's physician focus on?

Robert's physician will focus on the pineal.

Jessica has suffered a severe blow to the back of the head when she was thrown from her horse. Subsequently, her occipital lobe has been injured. Which of her senses has the highest chance of being affected?

Since she damaged her occipital lobe, her vision is the one sense with the highest change of been affected the most.

The ability to detect changes in temperature, pressure, and body position is due to the functions of the _____ lobe.

The ability to detect changes in temperature, pressure, and body position is due to the functions of the pariental lobe.

Alexis and Theresa are synchronized swimmers for their college swim team. They often work long hours to ensure the movements in their routine are perfectly timed. What part of their brains must Alexis and Theresa rely most upon?

The cerebellum is the part of the brain that Alexis and Theresa are relying on each time they practice and preform their synchronized swim routine.

What part of the brain can sometimes be referred to as the "rind" or outer covering?

The cortex is the part of the brain can sometimes be referred to as the "rind" or outer covering.

Which part of the brain is involved in the creation of memories and is often linked to Alzheimer's disease?

The hippocampus is the part of the brain involved in the creation of memories.

The _____ insulates and protects a neuron's axon, as well as helps to speed along electrical impulses.

The myelin sheath insulates and protects a neuron's axon, as well as helps to speed along electrical impulses.

The neurons of the sensory pathway contain...

The neurons of the sensory pathway contain afferent neurons.

Which gland is known to influence all other glands within that endocrine system?

The pituitary gland is known to influence all other glands within that endocrine system.

Which brain structure allows us to pay attention to certain stimuli while ignoring others?

The reticular formation allows us to pay attention to certain stimuli while ignoring others.

Maria often sleeps soundly and rarely awakens to any outside noise. However, the cries of Maria's baby can awaken her immediately. What part of the brain is responsible for this reaction?

The reticular formation is part of the brain responsible for this reaction.

Which part of the brain tends to process information globally?

The right hemisphere is the part of the brain that tends to process information globally.

What would be active if you have just had an automobile accident?

The sympathetic division would be active if you have just had an automobile accident.

Which technique of studying the brain involves injecting the patient with radioactive glucose?

The technique PET involves injecting the patient with radioactive glucose.

Your psychology professor refers to this as the great relay station of the brain. What part are they referring to?

The thalamus is sometimes referred to as "the great relay station of the brain."

Which brain structure relays incoming sensory information?

The thalamus relays incoming sensory information.

The venom of a black widow spider acts like a(n) _____ by mimicking the effects of acetylcholine.

The venom of a black widow spider acts like an agonist by mimicking the effects of acetylcholine.

Felicia is recovering from a brain injury. She is able to speak fluently but often uses incorrect words in a sentence. In one instance, she said, "I would like something to drink. Can I have some battery?" This problem is known as....

This problem is known as Wernicke's aphasia.

You have a dream in which you wake up to find that people around you are using words that make no sense. What's more, your friends don't seem to understand you when you speak. At one point in your dream, your mom tells you that you almost forgot your tree limb today. When you give her a puzzled look, she holds up your lunch box and repeats, " You know, your tree limb." Your predicament in your dream is most like which of the aphasia disorders?

Wernicke's aphasia

When a neuron is in the resting potential state, the neuron is negatively charged on the ______ and positively charged on the ______.

When a neuron is in the resting potential state, the neuron is negatively charged on the inside and positively charged on the outside.

When a neuron's resting potential is occurring, the neuron is _______ charged on the inside.

When a neuron's resting potential is occurring, the neuron is negatively charged on the inside.

Yvonne's ability to reach for and pick up her book is largely due to the functions of the _____ pathway of the _______ nervous system.

Yvonne's ability to reach for and pick up her book is largely due to the functions of the motor pathway of the somatic nervous system.

Which part of neuron carries messages to the other cells?

axon

If your roommate has a problem paying attention, it may be due to damage to this part of the limbic system...

cingulate cortex

This is associated with pain relief.

endorphins

What is a technique that analyzes blood oxygen levels to look at the functioning of the brain?

fMRI is a technique that analyzes blood oxygen levels to look at the functioning of the brain.

Which action is NOT of glial cells?

generating actions potentials

Although the brain works largely as a whole, what is not a correct pairing of the hemisphere and function?

right; control of the right handed motor functions