Psych Finals Unit 1

The scientific aspect of psychology is most concerned with

A a methodology that emphasizes explanation and evaluation

Psychiatry

A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy

Counseling Psychology

A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in living (often related to school, work, and marriage) and in achieving greater well-being

Psychodynamic Psychology

A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders.

Biological Psychology

A branch of psychology that studies the links between biological (including neuroscience and behavior genetics) and psychological processes

Clinical Psychology

A branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorder

Functionalism

A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish

SQ3R

A study method incorporating five steps; Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review

Which of the following methods is the best way to enhance comprehension of your psychology text?

Actively process the information you are reading

Structuralism

An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind

Biopsychosocial Approach

An integrated approach that incorporates biological, psychological, and social-cultural levels of analysis

Modern scientists would more likely agree with which of the following?

Aristotle's view that knowledge derives from experiences stored in memory

Psychology today is best defined as the scientific study of

Behavior and mental processes

Which of the following professions would most likely treat individuals with psychological disorders?

Clinical psychologists and psychiatrists

Which type of basic research psychologist is interested in improving learning?

Educational

Investigating human behavior from biological, psychological, and social-cultural perspectives

Enhances the integrative explanation and understanding of behavior

Experimentation and the tabula rasa

Francis Bacon and John Locke helped form modern science by stressing the importance of

Humanistic Psychology

Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth

One important criticism of introspection is that reported findings from different people are often

Inconsistent

Nature is to nurture as

Innate tendencies are to social experience

The school of psychology known as structuralism was interested in studying how to

Isolate the underlying components of what they were studying

A linguist who theorizes that patterns of language acquisition are hard-wired into the brain, yet emphasizes that the particular language spoken by an individual is learned from the environment, would most likely contend that

Nature works on what nurture endows

Basic Research

Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base.

Applied Research

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

Industrial-Organizational (I/O) Psychology

The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces

Levels of Analysis

The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon

Cognitive Neuroscience

The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)

Nature-Nurture Issue

The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors. Today's science sees traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture.

Psychology

The science of behavior and mental processes

Cognitive Psychology

The scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Social Psychology

The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

Behavioral Psychology

The scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning

Developmental Psychology

The scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span

Psychometricts

The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities, attitudes, and traits.

Personality Psychology

The study of an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

Experimental Psychology

The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method

Human Factors Psychology

The study of how people and machines interact resulting in the design of machines and environments

Educational Psychology

The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning

Social-Cultural Psychology

The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking

Evolutionary Psychology

The study of the roots of behavior and mental processes using the principles of natural selection

Empiricism

The view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation

Behaviorism

The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).