Psych Midterm

How is the hypothalamus involved in sleep? A. Cell clusters in the hypothalamus stimulate the production of relatively slow alpha waves, signaling the transition from deep relaxation to sleep. B. The hypothalamus triggers the pituitary gland in the endocrine system to produce the hormone thyroxin, which leads you to sleep. C. During sleep, the hypothalamus stimulates the production of free radicals, molecules that are toxic to neurons, which weakens unused connections D. In response to decreasing light, the hypothalamus' suprachiasmatic nucleus causes the pineal gland to increase the production of melatonin, leading you to sleep E. The action of the hypothalamus suppresses immune cell production that fights off viral infections and cancer

D. In response to decreasing light, the hypothalamus' suprachiasmatic nucleus causes the pineal gland to increase the production of melatonin, leading you to sleep

study everything about a person

case study

what is the "little brain" called

cerebellum

which part of your brain helps you know conscious awareness of your name

cerebral cortex

jet lag disrupts this

circadian rhythm

pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24 hours cycle

circadian rhythm

coiled tube in the inner ear

cochlea

hearing one voice out of many

cocktail party effect

in dog conditioning the loud noise paired with something is the

conditioned stimulus

fear of spiders over flowers

biological predisposition

approach that considers nature and nurture

biopsychosocial

you act based on how you interpret past events

psychoanalytic perspective (freud)

how to ensure you represent a full population

random sampling

what is closest to the back of the retina

rods and cones

using herusitic instead of algorithm

saves time

an animal is sprayed with water to hide its gills and overtime it stops reacting to the water is

sensory adaptation

possible sleep disorder associated with obesity

sleep apnea

feeling of falling in sleep

stage 1

space between neurons

synapse

why was wundt first psychologist

experiments performed in lab

person who stops giving food with ding will cause what

extinction

tendency to believe you would have foreseen outcome

hindsight bias

new memories

hippocampus

accidents after spring daylight savings and accidents after fall daylight savings:

increase, decrease

changes thickness and curvature

lens

worse sleep disorder for bus driver

narcolepsy

animals behavior

naturalistic observation

not enough sleep=

obesity

why is REM called paradoxical sleep

paralyzed muscles, active brain

taking lines and figures and seeing it as an object

perception

what are memory aids

pneumonic devices

parietal is to _______ as occipital is to _________

touch sensation, sight

dogs salivation at the sight of food is a

unconditioned response

learning that certain events occur together

associative learning

bigger part of motor neuron

axon

studying after waking up is better than before going to sleep. what is the independent variable?

time of day

introspection was with

titchener

low serotonin=

depression

which neurotransmitter causes alzheimers

acetylcholine

recognizing mothers voice

acoustic encoding

positive neurons passing through

action potential

the theory that dreams result from the brains attempt to make sense of random neural signals that fire during sleep

activation-synthesis theory

chemical that mimics actions of a neurotransmitter

agonist

a methodical rule or procedure

algorithm

prozac is a medicine that stops an excessive amount of serotonin. what is it stopping

all or none response

reticular formation

arousal

Every day as she walks to school, Mamie passes a mural painted on the side of a building. However, when asked, she says she does not remember ever seeing it. Which of the following is the best explanation for this occurrence? a. Such implicit memory is stored in the cerebellum, thus Mamie must have experienced damage to that brain region. b. Mamie has not paid attention to the incoming information so it was not encoded into long-term memory. c. Because of the time span between being exposed to the mural, the spacing effect has interrupted memory formation. d. The memory of the mural has decayed over time. e. Mamie is experiencing retroactive interference, leading to her forgetting past information.

b. Mamie has not paid attention to the incoming information so it was not encoded

Paradoxical sleep is to slow wave sleep as ______ sleep is to ______ sleep a)REM; stage 1 b)stage 1; REM c)REM; stage 2 d)stage 2; REM e) REM; stage 4

e) REM; stage 4

an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events

theory