Psych of Women Quiz 6 Chapter 7
Sue cries to get her way. Based on the work by Howard and her colleagues, Sue is using which of the following influence tactics?
supplication
In a 10-country study of childcare, mothers in which of the following countries were found to spend the highest number of hours per day (10.7) in solo childcare?
the United States
Differences among cultures suggest that the experience of motherhood is shaped by all of the following EXCEPT
the maternal instinct
According to ____, in an imbalance of power, the person who is least dependent on the other person for rewards- who needs the relationship least- has the most power in that relationship.
the principle of least interest
When U.S. students are asked if they would marry someone with whom they were not in love but who had all the qualities researchers found
there used to be a large gender difference in the response, but that difference has almost disappeared
In Derne's study of Hindu men, he found that
these men reported that they knew gender inequalities were maintained by their behavior, and that these gender inequalities bolstered their own power
Research on the children of lesbian mothers indicate that
they are no different than children of mixed-gender couples in frequency of emotional disturbance, self-concept, moral maturity, and intelligence.
Women in Sri Lankan families
who are educated and employed have more say in family financial decisions
Which of the following is a difference that researchers have found between women and men with respect to love and romantic relationships?
women and men in North America differ in their styles of love, with women being more pragmatic and men more playful
Researchers who study relationship values find that
women and men tend to place equal value on attachment and autonomy
One finding about gender and power in relationships that is quite consistent is that
women endorse a greater preference than men do for equal power in relationships
Evolutionary biologist Sarah Hrdy argues that
women who abandon or kill infants they cannot care for are responding in a way that is part of human evolutionary heritage
Which of the following is true of families headed by single mothers in most countries?
They are more likely than other families to live in poverty
With respect to mother-daughter relationships, which of the following have been found?
Many African-American women report feeling empowered as a result of their mothers
In Denmark, where fathers are entitled to two weeks of leave from their jobs at full pay after the birth of a child, ____ percent of the fathers actually use this
56
In which country is marriage prior to the age of 18 most common?
Bangladesh
Social scientists writing about women in the Philippines sometimes say that the women is the "queen of the home." This is because
Filipino women tend to be the family treasurers, controlling the budget in their families
Studies show that intrusion of nonmonogamy and work into the relationship is linked to
POOR relationship quality in ALL types of couples
Which of the following is the best estimate of the proportion of families in North America that are headed by single mothers?
above 20 percent
Which of the following best describes the trend in the United States related to age of marriage and divorce?
age of first marriage is older and rates of divorce are higher
If legal marriage were an option for same-gender couples, it would secure protections for them such as
all of the above (inheritance rights, joint health insurance, family leave to care for a partner who is ill)
For daughters, having a supportive father is
an important factor in the daughters' willingness to choose a nontraditional career
When Bob and Sue argue about the children, Sue tells Bob he doesn't know what he is talking about and that she knows the children better than he does and is the one responsible for them all day. Based on work by Howard and her colleagues, Sue is using which of the following influence tactics?
autocracy
According to the 2000 Census, married couples, with or without children now make up
barely half of American households
Chris starts arguments on a regular basis, confronting his partner in order to try to influence her behavior. Chris is using a(n) _______ influence strategy.
bilateral
Research shows that in both same-gender and mixed-gender couples, individuals who prefer to have and perceive themselves as having more power than their partner reported they use more strategies characterized as ____ and ____
bilateral; direct
Surveys of young adults in the United States indicate that a large majority of them
both (b) believe that they will stay married to the same partner for life AND (c) believe that their marriage partner will be their soul mate
In order for a relationship to be considered equitable, both partners must
bring some contribution to the relationship, although they may differ in kind
When Kris wants something from her partner, she asks in a straightforward manner, explaining her needs. Kris is using a(n) ______ influence strategy
direct
Bob walks out whenever he and his partner have an argument. Based on the work of Howard and her colleagues, Bob is using which of the following influence tactics?
disengagement
Rules for what is considered fair may vary, but couples in North America often rely on a standard called ____: a balance between contributions to and benefits from a relationship.
equity
Sometimes, even when women bring financial resources to a relationship, these resources do not give the women more power than the man. This seems to be because
gender ideology gives men authority in families
Ethel Puffer had an intense and successful career in psychology for 10 years after completing her doctoral work. However, her career was altered dramatically when she
got married
A preference for sons, sometimes enforced by selective abortion or infanticide
has been documented in China???
The idea that power is based on the control of resources is relevant to understanding gender because
in many contexts, the distribution of resources is unequal between the sexes
With respect to the value placed on daughters and sons, which of the following is true?
in parts of India, China, Korea, and Pakistan, female fetuses are selectively aborted
Kris is always dropping hints to her partner that she'd like more help around the house. Kris is using a(n) _____ influence strategy
indirect
Falling in love with the right romantic partner
is a widely held belief, particularly in Western cultures
Research in Western cultures show that, for ______ couples, an equal balance of power is considered ideal
lesbian and heterosexual
Sue has had enough. She finds herself yelling and screaming at her children all the time even though she knows she should be loving and tender. Which of the "matrix of tensions" best describes Sue?
life destruction vs. life promotion
According to the textbook's highlighted interview with Vanaja Dhruvarajan, women in India now face expectations that they should
live up to new personal economic and career goals while also living up to traditional standards of womanhood
In terms of the "matrix of tensions" surrounding motherhood, the tension in which the child's need for her may threaten a new mother's separate sense of self is known as
loss of self vs. expansion of self
In the United States and many other countries, the marriage contract does all of the following EXCEPT
makes a wife legally obligated to obey her husband
Joan is a new mother. She complains that she rarely gets to see her friends and feels conflicted by the fact that she spends most of her time at home while her husband is working. Which of the "matrix of tensions" best describes Joan?
maternal isolation vs. maternal community