Psych of Women Quiz 6 Chapter 7

Sue cries to get her way. Based on the work by Howard and her colleagues, Sue is using which of the following influence tactics?

supplication

In a 10-country study of childcare, mothers in which of the following countries were found to spend the highest number of hours per day (10.7) in solo childcare?

the United States

Differences among cultures suggest that the experience of motherhood is shaped by all of the following EXCEPT

the maternal instinct

According to ____, in an imbalance of power, the person who is least dependent on the other person for rewards- who needs the relationship least- has the most power in that relationship.

the principle of least interest

When U.S. students are asked if they would marry someone with whom they were not in love but who had all the qualities researchers found

there used to be a large gender difference in the response, but that difference has almost disappeared

In Derne's study of Hindu men, he found that

these men reported that they knew gender inequalities were maintained by their behavior, and that these gender inequalities bolstered their own power

Research on the children of lesbian mothers indicate that

they are no different than children of mixed-gender couples in frequency of emotional disturbance, self-concept, moral maturity, and intelligence.

Women in Sri Lankan families

who are educated and employed have more say in family financial decisions

Which of the following is a difference that researchers have found between women and men with respect to love and romantic relationships?

women and men in North America differ in their styles of love, with women being more pragmatic and men more playful

Researchers who study relationship values find that

women and men tend to place equal value on attachment and autonomy

One finding about gender and power in relationships that is quite consistent is that

women endorse a greater preference than men do for equal power in relationships

Evolutionary biologist Sarah Hrdy argues that

women who abandon or kill infants they cannot care for are responding in a way that is part of human evolutionary heritage

Which of the following is true of families headed by single mothers in most countries?

They are more likely than other families to live in poverty

With respect to mother-daughter relationships, which of the following have been found?

Many African-American women report feeling empowered as a result of their mothers

In Denmark, where fathers are entitled to two weeks of leave from their jobs at full pay after the birth of a child, ____ percent of the fathers actually use this

56

In which country is marriage prior to the age of 18 most common?

Bangladesh

Social scientists writing about women in the Philippines sometimes say that the women is the "queen of the home." This is because

Filipino women tend to be the family treasurers, controlling the budget in their families

Studies show that intrusion of nonmonogamy and work into the relationship is linked to

POOR relationship quality in ALL types of couples

Which of the following is the best estimate of the proportion of families in North America that are headed by single mothers?

above 20 percent

Which of the following best describes the trend in the United States related to age of marriage and divorce?

age of first marriage is older and rates of divorce are higher

If legal marriage were an option for same-gender couples, it would secure protections for them such as

all of the above (inheritance rights, joint health insurance, family leave to care for a partner who is ill)

For daughters, having a supportive father is

an important factor in the daughters' willingness to choose a nontraditional career

When Bob and Sue argue about the children, Sue tells Bob he doesn't know what he is talking about and that she knows the children better than he does and is the one responsible for them all day. Based on work by Howard and her colleagues, Sue is using which of the following influence tactics?

autocracy

According to the 2000 Census, married couples, with or without children now make up

barely half of American households

Chris starts arguments on a regular basis, confronting his partner in order to try to influence her behavior. Chris is using a(n) _______ influence strategy.

bilateral

Research shows that in both same-gender and mixed-gender couples, individuals who prefer to have and perceive themselves as having more power than their partner reported they use more strategies characterized as ____ and ____

bilateral; direct

Surveys of young adults in the United States indicate that a large majority of them

both (b) believe that they will stay married to the same partner for life AND (c) believe that their marriage partner will be their soul mate

In order for a relationship to be considered equitable, both partners must

bring some contribution to the relationship, although they may differ in kind

When Kris wants something from her partner, she asks in a straightforward manner, explaining her needs. Kris is using a(n) ______ influence strategy

direct

Bob walks out whenever he and his partner have an argument. Based on the work of Howard and her colleagues, Bob is using which of the following influence tactics?

disengagement

Rules for what is considered fair may vary, but couples in North America often rely on a standard called ____: a balance between contributions to and benefits from a relationship.

equity

Sometimes, even when women bring financial resources to a relationship, these resources do not give the women more power than the man. This seems to be because

gender ideology gives men authority in families

Ethel Puffer had an intense and successful career in psychology for 10 years after completing her doctoral work. However, her career was altered dramatically when she

got married

A preference for sons, sometimes enforced by selective abortion or infanticide

has been documented in China???

The idea that power is based on the control of resources is relevant to understanding gender because

in many contexts, the distribution of resources is unequal between the sexes

With respect to the value placed on daughters and sons, which of the following is true?

in parts of India, China, Korea, and Pakistan, female fetuses are selectively aborted

Kris is always dropping hints to her partner that she'd like more help around the house. Kris is using a(n) _____ influence strategy

indirect

Falling in love with the right romantic partner

is a widely held belief, particularly in Western cultures

Research in Western cultures show that, for ______ couples, an equal balance of power is considered ideal

lesbian and heterosexual

Sue has had enough. She finds herself yelling and screaming at her children all the time even though she knows she should be loving and tender. Which of the "matrix of tensions" best describes Sue?

life destruction vs. life promotion

According to the textbook's highlighted interview with Vanaja Dhruvarajan, women in India now face expectations that they should

live up to new personal economic and career goals while also living up to traditional standards of womanhood

In terms of the "matrix of tensions" surrounding motherhood, the tension in which the child's need for her may threaten a new mother's separate sense of self is known as

loss of self vs. expansion of self

In the United States and many other countries, the marriage contract does all of the following EXCEPT

makes a wife legally obligated to obey her husband

Joan is a new mother. She complains that she rarely gets to see her friends and feels conflicted by the fact that she spends most of her time at home while her husband is working. Which of the "matrix of tensions" best describes Joan?

maternal isolation vs. maternal community