Psych Test 3

Research has found that infant monkeys that are not allowed to ________ their mother become unhappy, demonstrating that this particular sense is important for overall well-being.

touch

Which of the following senses is directly associated with parent-infant attachment?

touch

The local police department sounds a siren for an AMBER Alert. The process by which your ears transform the sound waves from the siren into neural impulses is an example of

transduction

Damage to the basilar membrane is most likely to affect one's

audition

Which of the following does NOT demonstrate the effect of emotions on perception?

being able to walk up a hill quickly when thinking that others are mad at you

A subliminal message is one that is presented

below one's absolute threshold for awareness

The area in your visual field that contains no receptor cells is the

blind spot

Compared with the entire range of visible light waves, those that are highest in frequency are most likely to be experienced as

blue

Which of the following starts at your sensory receptors and works up to higher levels of processing?

bottom-up processing

Which sense involves several basic sensations?

taste

If research suggested that a pregnant mother's use of an artificial sweetener caused harm to the fetus, the artificial sweetener would be considered a(n)

teratogen

A child's realization that others may have beliefs that the child knows to be false best illustrates the development of

theory of mind

The context in which we view a person or situation can create an expectation that influences our perception through

top-down processing

The importance of schemas was most clearly highlighted by

Piaget's cognitive development theory

The process of imprinting occurs during a brief developmental phase known as

a critical period

The opponent-process theory is most useful for explaining a characteristic of

afterimages

The Harlows' infant monkeys developed ________ their artificial cloth mothers.

an attachment to

Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a

concept of conservation

Receptor cells in the human eye that are the most sensitive to fine detail are called

cones

Which binocluar cue involves the inward angle of the eyes focusing on a near object?

convergence

Dr. Reber's major research interest is the long-term effects of different parenting styles on the psychological adjustment of children. It is most likely that Dr. Reber is a ________ psychologist.

developmental

Weber's law is relevant to an understanding of

difference thresholds

Jeremy is with his girlfriend and feels sexually attracted to her. This will be evident in his

dilated pupils

Although genetic factors are clearly involved in prenatal development, researchers now understand how fetal responsiveness is also related to

environmental factors

Which of the following would respond to specific features of a stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement?

feature detectors

During adolescence, maturation of the ________ lags behind maturation of the ________.

frontal lobe; limbic system

________ line(s) the surface of the basilar membrane.

hair cells

Place theory best explains how we sense ________ pitches, whereas frequency theory, extended by the volley principle, explains how we sense ________ pitches.

high; low

The wavelength of light determines its

hue

After the age of 4, children become increasingly capable of remembering experiences, even for a year or more. This demonstrates how ________ starts to wane after age 4.

infantile amnesia

The brightness of a light wave is influenced by its

intensity

Kelli's eyes are green. This is describing the ________ of her eye.

iris

The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually

large when its near the horizon

Which part of the eye focuses light rays into an image on your eyeball's inner surface?

lens

The amount of light an object reflects relative to its surroundings is referred to as relative

luminance

In emphasizing that heredity's effects on behavior depend on a person's home environment, psychologists are most clearly highlighting the importance of

nature-nurture interactions

The rapid development of ________ helps explain why infant brain size increases rapidly in the early days after birth.

neural networks

If you hide a toy from an infant and she momentarily looks for it, she is demonstrating

object permanence

Which of the following is NOT one of the color receptor types included in the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory?

one that is sensitive to yellow

When touched on the cheek, infants reflexively

open their mouths

The fact that we recognize objects as having a consistent form regardless of changing viewing angles illustrates

perceptual constancy

Nutrients and oxygen are transferred from a mother to her developing fetus through the

placenta

The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in a text from your friend into separate words best illustrates the principle of

proximity

Which of the following has a high sensitivity in dim light?

rods

Multiple ________ send combined messages to a bipolar cell, whereas a single ________ may link directly to a single bipolar cell.

rods; cone

If you move your watchband up your wrist an inch or so, you will feel it for only a few moments. This best illustrates

sensory adaptation

Janice has a head cold and is congested. When she eats her favorite food, it just doesn't have the same taste now. In fact, she can't really taste any of her foods. Why is this?

she is not experiencing sensory interaction

Thomas' orange shirt is now faded. This means that it has

small amplitude

Which of the following is a chemical sense?

smell

The absolute threshold is the minimum ________ needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time.

stimulus energy

Stimuli that are below the absolute threshold are said to be

subliminal

The difference threshold is the

the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time

Eleanor Gibson used ________ to examine depth perception in infants.

visual cliff

Although she does not know it, Shelly is two weeks pregnant. At this stage, her fertilized egg is called a(n)

zygote