Psych Test 3
Research has found that infant monkeys that are not allowed to ________ their mother become unhappy, demonstrating that this particular sense is important for overall well-being.
touch
Which of the following senses is directly associated with parent-infant attachment?
touch
The local police department sounds a siren for an AMBER Alert. The process by which your ears transform the sound waves from the siren into neural impulses is an example of
transduction
Damage to the basilar membrane is most likely to affect one's
audition
Which of the following does NOT demonstrate the effect of emotions on perception?
being able to walk up a hill quickly when thinking that others are mad at you
A subliminal message is one that is presented
below one's absolute threshold for awareness
The area in your visual field that contains no receptor cells is the
blind spot
Compared with the entire range of visible light waves, those that are highest in frequency are most likely to be experienced as
blue
Which of the following starts at your sensory receptors and works up to higher levels of processing?
bottom-up processing
Which sense involves several basic sensations?
taste
If research suggested that a pregnant mother's use of an artificial sweetener caused harm to the fetus, the artificial sweetener would be considered a(n)
teratogen
A child's realization that others may have beliefs that the child knows to be false best illustrates the development of
theory of mind
The context in which we view a person or situation can create an expectation that influences our perception through
top-down processing
The importance of schemas was most clearly highlighted by
Piaget's cognitive development theory
The process of imprinting occurs during a brief developmental phase known as
a critical period
The opponent-process theory is most useful for explaining a characteristic of
afterimages
The Harlows' infant monkeys developed ________ their artificial cloth mothers.
an attachment to
Two closed, pyramid-shaped beakers containing clearly identical amounts of a liquid are judged by a child to hold different amounts after one of the beakers is inverted. The child apparently lacks a
concept of conservation
Receptor cells in the human eye that are the most sensitive to fine detail are called
cones
Which binocluar cue involves the inward angle of the eyes focusing on a near object?
convergence
Dr. Reber's major research interest is the long-term effects of different parenting styles on the psychological adjustment of children. It is most likely that Dr. Reber is a ________ psychologist.
developmental
Weber's law is relevant to an understanding of
difference thresholds
Jeremy is with his girlfriend and feels sexually attracted to her. This will be evident in his
dilated pupils
Although genetic factors are clearly involved in prenatal development, researchers now understand how fetal responsiveness is also related to
environmental factors
Which of the following would respond to specific features of a stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement?
feature detectors
During adolescence, maturation of the ________ lags behind maturation of the ________.
frontal lobe; limbic system
________ line(s) the surface of the basilar membrane.
hair cells
Place theory best explains how we sense ________ pitches, whereas frequency theory, extended by the volley principle, explains how we sense ________ pitches.
high; low
The wavelength of light determines its
hue
After the age of 4, children become increasingly capable of remembering experiences, even for a year or more. This demonstrates how ________ starts to wane after age 4.
infantile amnesia
The brightness of a light wave is influenced by its
intensity
Kelli's eyes are green. This is describing the ________ of her eye.
iris
The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually
large when its near the horizon
Which part of the eye focuses light rays into an image on your eyeball's inner surface?
lens
The amount of light an object reflects relative to its surroundings is referred to as relative
luminance
In emphasizing that heredity's effects on behavior depend on a person's home environment, psychologists are most clearly highlighting the importance of
nature-nurture interactions
The rapid development of ________ helps explain why infant brain size increases rapidly in the early days after birth.
neural networks
If you hide a toy from an infant and she momentarily looks for it, she is demonstrating
object permanence
Which of the following is NOT one of the color receptor types included in the Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory?
one that is sensitive to yellow
When touched on the cheek, infants reflexively
open their mouths
The fact that we recognize objects as having a consistent form regardless of changing viewing angles illustrates
perceptual constancy
Nutrients and oxygen are transferred from a mother to her developing fetus through the
placenta
The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in a text from your friend into separate words best illustrates the principle of
proximity
Which of the following has a high sensitivity in dim light?
rods
Multiple ________ send combined messages to a bipolar cell, whereas a single ________ may link directly to a single bipolar cell.
rods; cone
If you move your watchband up your wrist an inch or so, you will feel it for only a few moments. This best illustrates
sensory adaptation
Janice has a head cold and is congested. When she eats her favorite food, it just doesn't have the same taste now. In fact, she can't really taste any of her foods. Why is this?
she is not experiencing sensory interaction
Thomas' orange shirt is now faded. This means that it has
small amplitude
Which of the following is a chemical sense?
smell
The absolute threshold is the minimum ________ needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time.
stimulus energy
Stimuli that are below the absolute threshold are said to be
subliminal
The difference threshold is the
the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time
Eleanor Gibson used ________ to examine depth perception in infants.
visual cliff
Although she does not know it, Shelly is two weeks pregnant. At this stage, her fertilized egg is called a(n)
zygote