psych test
formal operations
hypothetical and deductive thinking are characteristics of which of Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development
mediate among the id, the superego, and reality
in sigmund freud's view, the role of ego is to
postconventional
A conscientious objector refuses to engage in combat because he cannot support the taking of human life. His reasoning best illustrates which stage in Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
drive reduction
After school, George and his friends complain of intense hunger. They go to George's home and immediately open his refrigerator to look for a snack. Which of the following is a theory of motivation that best explains their behavior?
stroke the sole of her baby's foot
Alexandra wants to test her baby's babinski reflex. To elicit the appropriate response, Alexandra will have to
collective unconscious
Carl Jung believed in a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from a person's ancestral past. Which of the following psychological terms refers to the storehouse
intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
Carla tutors other students because she likes to be helpful, whereas Jane tutors classmates strictly for pay. Their behaviors demonstrate the difference between.
Nandini has not fulfilled basic needs, and thus cannot fulfillhigher level of needs
Dr Emerson is seeing a patient named Nandini who is currently going through a divorce. She has moved out of her house and is staying on a friends couch. While she is going through this, Nandini is struggling to find the meaning in her life. Humanist theorist Abraham Maslow's explanation for Nandini's dissatisfaction with life would most likely be that
projection
It is widely known in Jerry's social circle that he is most stubborn and inflexible member of the group. Yet, Jerry complains that all his friends are opinionated and rigid. Jerry's complaints are most clearly a sign of
Shacter's two factor
Lee is about to skydive for the first time. He interprets his racing heart to be the result of his eager anticipation and excitement. This best represents which theory of emotion?
extrinsic motivation
Pam works hard in school because her parents give her ten dollars for every A she receives. Pam's parents are attempting to influence her academic efforts by capitalizing on
Carl Jung's collective unconscious
Priscilla has recently found diaries from her family dating back multiple generations. She has noticed that there are similarities in their life events and in the way they thought about things that happened to them. She believes that it has to do with the fact that they all have the same inherited instincts that drive their behavior and that these instincts exist in all humans. Priscilla's way of thinking is most in line with
Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development
Researcher Renee Baillargeon found that four-month-old infants will look longer at a ball if it appears to roll through a solid barrier, demonstrating that babies seem to grasp basic physical laws intuitively. which of the following theories does this finding challenge?
He is going through the process of exploring his identity that many adolescents experience
Rik, who is an adolescent, was always studious and quiet throughout childhood. His parents are concerned because he suddenly dyed his hair, pierced his tongue, and started hanging out with a different crowd. A few months later he tried out for the football team and became so active in sports that he neglected his schoolwork. According to psychologists, which of the following would best explain Rik's changes in behavior?
gender-role development
Seven-year-old Maria helps her mother wash the dishes, while her nine-year-old-brother helps their father with the yard work. This involvement of the children in helping activities directly illustrates the process of
erik erikson
Shaquille is 25 years old and is actively dating in order to find someone to settle down with. Which of the following theorists would best be able to explain her behavior
cognitive labels of psychological changes
Stanley Schacter and Jerome singer view emotion as resulting from
humanistic
The concept of self-actualization is most closely associated with which of the following approaches to explaining personality?
a woman who is unaware of her anger toward her friend expressed affection for that friend
The defense mechanism of reaction formation is best exemplified in which of the following situations?
a critical period
The fact that imprinting is most certain to occur if the opportunity for imprinting is presented to the organism at a very specific age indicates the existence of.
Habituation
Tina's mother often entertains Tina by bouncing a bunny puppet back and forth along the side of Tina's crib.Initially, Tina pays close attention to the puppet, but after a while, she begins to ignore it and continues doing what she was doing doing before the puppet appeared. Which of the following psychological concepts best explains Tina's change in behavior
an instinct
a complex pattern organized unlearned behavior that is species specific is called
heart disease
a hostile person with a type A personality is most risk for developing which of the following
the same physiological response can produce different emotions, depending on the context within which the response occurs and a person's interpretation of that context
according to stanley schacter and jerome singer's theory of emotion which of the following is true
most personality traits can be derived from he five major traits of the theory
according to the five factor model, which of the following is true
its ventromedial hypothalamus is damaged
an animal will gain weight when
difference between males and females in the course of moral development
carol Gilligan's critique of Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development focuses primarily on
jean piaget's theory of conservation
fekru knows that when his teacher purs water from a small wide glass into a tall, thin glass, the amount of water remains the same, which theory is explaied
(figure) projective personality
figures such as above are used in which of the following
they have not been found to be reliable and valid
projective tests, such as the Rorschach inkblot test have been justifiably criticized as tools for assessing personality because
a soccer player who does not have much athletic skill constantly criticizes other athletes' performances
the defense mechanism of projection is best illustrated which of the following examples
exhaustion
the final stage of general adaptation theory is known as
authoritative
the most well adjusted and socially competent children tend to come from homes where parents employ which of the following parenting styles
object permanence
understanding that things continue even when they are not within view
repression
which of the following Freudian constructs is believed to protect the organism from anxiety by making memories inaccessible
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
which of the following are the stages in Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome
identity versus role confusion
which of the following did Erik Erikson say was the primary conflict through which a teenager needs to work
object permanence
A baby looks under the sofa for a ball that has just rolled underneath it. According to Jean Piaget, the baby's actions show development of
area of the hypothalamus
A brain tumor that results in obesity would most likely be located in the
integrity versus despair
According to Erik Erikson, in late adulthood the individual reaches the eighth and final stage of the life span in which one reviews and evaluates one's life and the choices one has made. Erikson labeled this stage
esteem needs
According to Maslow, the needs that consist of both the need for awareness of importance to others (self-esteem) and actual esteem from others is classified within the category of
eat a snack
An individual experiencing a low blood-glucose level would be best advised to do which of the following?
displacement
Angry with his professor because of a difficult exam, Martin returns home and takes his anger out on his best friend. Martin's behavior indicates
depth perception
Eleanor Gibson and Richard walk using visual cliff with the glass - covered drop - off to examine behavior in crawling infant. Even when coaxed by their mothers to call out onto the glass covering, most infants refused to do so, indicating that they had developed __________ (via the process of maturation)?
self efficay
Georgi believes she is capable of playing extremely well in the volleyball game scheduled for tonight . Albert Bandura would most likely say that Georgi's expectations for this task reveal that she is exhibiting high
alarm reaction
Gustav was out for his daily walk when he was approached by a thief who demanded his wallet. He immediately felt an increase in his breathing and heart rate. Which of the following accurately describes Gustav;s physiological response
reaction to stress
Hans Elysee's general adaptation syndrome is an attempt to explain
contact comfort was more important to them than food
Harlow found that when the infant monkeys were startled or frightened, they: preferred the cloth surrogate that did not provide food. the baby monkeys' response indicated that
The tactile characteristics of the mother
Harry Harlow's experiments with rhesus monkeys suggest which of the following as most important for infants when establishing an attachment to their mothers?
express happiness when the mother returned to the room
In Mary Ainsworth's Strange Situation experiment, infants who were classified as securely attached were more likely to
experience of physiological changes
In the James-Lange theory of emotion, which of the following immediately precedes an emotion?
Preconventional
In trying to replicate Lawrence Kohlberg's research, several college students observed four-year-olds in five prekindergarten classes. Their most likely indicated that these children were
secure
Jeremy happily played with his colorful blocks while his mother was nearby. When his mother left the room, he became upset, but he quickly stopped crying and began to play with the blocks again. When his mother returned, he greeted her happily. Which of the following patterns of attachment reflects Jeremy's actions?
Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory, because it includes the concept of zone of proximal development
Jerry is not able to tie his shoes on his own, but he is abale to tie his shoes with the help of his father. Which of the following theories best explains the interactions between Jerry and his Father
a personality inventory
John is completing a lengthy test in which he must indicate whether various written statements are true or false about. He is most likely taking which of the following
high neuroticism
John is generally pleasant, but during final exams he experiences more intense stress than other students experience. He is irritable and easily frustrated. According to the Big Five model of personality, John would be
an internal locus of control
Judy believes that her fate is determined by her own actions. Judy's belief best illustrates
suppressing white blood cells called T-lymphocytes
Karen had been working overtime to complete a project so that she could go skiing at the end of the month. On the day of her trip, Karen got sick with the flu and had to cancel. Stress hormones had most likely affected her immune system by
having people solve moral dilemmas
Lawrence Kohlberg used which of the following techniques to illustrate the stages of his theory?
because it is his job to be courteous to customers, Mark smiled at passengers frequently
Mark, a flight attendant, began his workday in a bad mood. However, by the end of the day, he felt much happier. According to the facial feedback hypothesis, what may have influenced Mark's mood?
attachment
Mary AInsworth's strange situation paradigm is typically used to test young children's
projective
The Rorschach Inkblot Test and the Thematic Apperception Test are two popular forms of which of the following types of tests
reveal the subjects' personalities by eliciting responses to vague, ambiguous stimuli
The rationale underlying the use of projective personality tests, such as the Rorschach Test and the thematic apperception test, is that they
sublimation
Transforming frustrated urges, especially sexual urges, into more socially acceptable forms of behavior is the defense mechanism known as
rooting
When a newborn infant is touched on the cheek, the infant will turn its head toward the source of stimulation. This behavior is known as
denial
When parents refuse to accept several psychologists' diagnosis of a child's mental illness, they are using which of the following defense mechanisms?
permissive
When parents set few controls on their children's television viewing, allowing the children the freedom to set individual limits, make few demands and not punish for improper television viewing , the parents exemplify a parenting style known as
^ a oval like this / \
Which of the following best describes relation between performance and arousal?
temperament
Which of the following describes the different emotional dispositions of infants?
Konrad Lorenz
Which of the following researchers found that ducklings will follow the first figure they see within their first day of hatching?
Charlie is overly precise and methodical in everything he does...
Which scenario below is most descriptive of the psychoanalytic theory of personality? Charlie is overly precise and methodical in everything he does...
Trait theory of personality
While Luke is interviewing for a job, he takes a personality test measuring the five-factor personality model. This test is designed to be consistent with a
industry v inferiority
a nine year old girl first learning about her capabilities in dance class and school would be in which of Erickson's stages of development?
denial
a parent who keeps intact even though he's been happily married and in his own for five years is exhibiting which of the following defense mechanisms
conservation
a young child shown a nine inch round bowl and a six inch round bowl containing equal amounts of popcorn says he is certain the smaller bowl has more popcorn than the larger bowl. this child has yet to acquire what jean piaget called
psychological needs must be met before an individual achieves self-actualization
according to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which is true
id
according to Freud, our sexual and aggressive instincts are located primarily in the
choose between 2 outcomes that are both desirable
according to Kevin Lewin, an approach- approach conflict occurs when a person has to
superego
according to Sigmund Freud, The personality structure that reflects moral values is the
id
according to freudian theory the omponent of the personality that is blind impulsive and irrational is the
concrete operational
according to jean piaget what is the earliest stage at which a child is capable of using simple logic to think about objects and events
superego
according to psychoanalytic theory, Tom's constant shoplifting suggests that he has an underdeveloped
external locus of control
montgomery prepares his resume carelessly and arrives late for his job interview. He is rejected by the prospective employer. Montgomery concludes that "It's all a matter of dumb luck, anyway." Montgomery's judgement of his situation most clearly reflects external locus of control
defending the body from viruses
exposure to stressors decreases the effectiveness of the lymphocytes in the blood stream, which perform the function of
defending the boy from viruses
exposure to stressors decreases the effectiveness of the lymphocytes in the blood stream, which perform the function of
superego
in Freudian theory, which of the following components personality most resembles a conscience or censor
unconditional positive regard
nick admitted to his parents that he was not working to his potential in his academics and sports. Even though his parents were disappointed, instead of yelling at Nick, they accepted him and wanted to help him work through his feelings. His parents' behavior exemplified
hypothetical thinking
of the following cognitive milestones, which ability tends to be acquired last
universality of facial expressions across cultures
one of the consistent research findings in the are of facial expressions and emotion is the
work harder and enjoy their work more
research studies indicate that people who are intrinsically motivated as compared to extrinsically motivated tend to
work harder and enjoy their work more
research studies indicate that people who are intrinsically motivated as compared to people who are extrinsically motivated tend to
extrinsic motivation
the over-justification effect has led some psychologists to question the value of
contact comfort was the primary basis of attachment for the infant monkeys
the results of Harry Harlow's experiments with infant monkeys and surrogate mothers show that
Rorschach test
which of the following assessment tools explores individuals personalities by asking them to examine a series of inkblots and describe what they see in the inkblot?
Nikos can consider both the height and the width of a container
which of the following behaviors is most clearly associated with Jean Piaget's concrete operational stage
Homostasis
which of the following concepts provides the best explanation for why people seek to put on warmer clothing when they start to feel cold
obtaining food and water
which of the following is considered most basic of needs
Anna must decide whether to buy a used car that is in her price range but has several mechanical problems
which of the following situations describes an approach avoidance conflict
authorization
which parenting style is characterized by high demands for obedience and low warmth
look at some picture and tell a story about each of them
which projective technique is used a person could be asked to