Psychology Ch 15

progressive relaxation

Systematic desensitization involves the use of

transference

(psychoanalysis) the process whereby emotions are passed on or displaced from one person to another

resistance

During his weekly therapy sessions, Colin finds it very difficult to talk about childhood memories. He often pauses before mentioning embarrassing moments, or simply forgets important details. Colin's behavior illustrates:

lithium

Mr. McCardle's excessive feelings of helplessness and despondency are periodically interrupted by episodes in which he experiences extreme feelings of personal power and a grandiose optimism about his future. Which drug would most likely be prescribed to alleviate his symptoms?

client-centered therapy

developed by Carl Rogers, this humanistic therapy includes unconditional positive regard

satisfied with the effectiveness

Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy indicates that clients are generally ________ of therapy.

antidepressant drugs and therapy simultaneously

Sadia is suffering from severe depression. She wants long-term relief from this problem and is willing to work hard to make changes in her life. What treatment is likely to have the BEST long-term effects?

free association

technique in which clients express themselves without censorship of any sort

behavior modification

the use of operant-conditioning techniques to eliminate unwanted behaviors and replace them with desirable ones

transference

Bob yells at this therapist, "You are an impatient know-it-all, and you only care about yourself!" Bob is MOST likely experiencing:

aerobic exercise

Brent suffers from depression. While he consistently goes to work and meets family responsibilities, he suffers from negative moods and a sense of hopelessness. What option has the LEAST possible side effects and/or risks?

4 weeks

Chase is experiencing depression. He feels terrible and wants immediate relief. His doctor prescribes an antidepressant. How soon will Chase get relief?

research evidence

Ideal clinical decision making is a three-legged stool upheld by clinical expertise, knowledge of the patient, and

family

To achieve its goal, _____ therapy develops an understanding of family and other social systems, explores roles, and improves communication.

psychopharmacology

_____ is the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

psychoanalysts

_________ are most likely to attend to patients' positive and negative feelings toward their therapists.

progressive relaxation

a technique of learning to relax by focusing on relaxing each of the body's muscle groups in turn

resistance

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material

placebo effect

the phenomenon in which the expectations of the participants in a study can influence their behavior

30-60

In a typical ECT treatment, a psychiatrist delivers _____ seconds of electric current to the patient's brain.

twitches and tremors

Mel and her doctor are trying to decide which medication she should use to reduce her psychotic symptoms. Her doctor told her that the first-generation dopamine-blocking drugs can have side effects such as:

family

The aim of _____ therapy is to heal relationships and to mobilize the group's resources.

cognitive therapy

Adam is suffering from depression. His therapist wants to use a therapeutic technique that has proven effective in treating depression. She will probably use:

avoid omega-3 fatty acids

Agnes is a graduate student in psychology who suffers from depression. She has been on antidepressants for years with marginal effect. Instead of taking additional medication or undergoing brain stimulation, her therapist recently encouraged her to review Stephen Ilardi's research on therapeutic lifestyle change. Agnes noticed that those who went through the 12-week training program did all of the following EXCEPT:

Risperdal

Although no more effective in controlling schizophrenia symptoms, many of the newer-generation antipsychotics, such as _____ and Zyprexa, have fewer side effects.

psychoanalysis

As a young adult, Clarice has difficulty forming relationships because she feels she cannot trust men. She is seeking a therapist who can help her gain insight into her feelings. The therapy that focuses on helping patients to gain insight is:

aversive

Associating unwanted behaviors with a negative experience is _______ Conditioning

transference

At her weekly therapy session, Nia became agitated at her therapist, saying that he was controlling and domineering, just like her father. Nia's behavior illustrates _____.

client-centered therapy

Chelsea's therapist uses active listening within an empathic environment. Her therapist is MOST likely practicing:

Parkinson's disease

Cora is a long-term user of antipsychotic medication and was once misdiagnosed with a medical condition that mimics tardive dyskinesia. Her misdiagnosis was MOST likely:

norepinephrine and serotonin

Dual-action antidepressant drugs work by increasing the availability of

free association

During a psychoanalytic therapy session, Max focuses on several intrusive thoughts that have been bothering him. The therapist tells Max to report any ideas or memories stimulated by these thoughts. Max's therapist is using a technique known as _____.

resistance

During her weekly psychoanalytic therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly change the subject. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

deep brain stimulation

Edith suffers from depression. She has been using antidepressants for years with little effect but has resisted her therapist's recommendation to undergo ECT. More recently, though, Edith's therapist has been suggesting a new procedure that calms the area of the brain normally overexcited in people who are depressed. This procedure is known as:

neurogenesis

Electroconvulsive therapy appears to promote

cognitive

Glenn suffers from depression. He frequently thinks of situations as overwhelmingly bad, with no hope of future improvement. Glenn would benefit MOST from _____ therapy.

operant conditioning

In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they do their assigned chores. The children return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or watch television. This BEST illustrates an application of:

token economy

In an eating disorders clinic, the residents receive merits for good eating behaviors. This BEST illustrates a

cognitive-behavioral

In one study, people were taught to attribute their compulsive urges to abnormal brain functioning. Instead of giving in to an urge, they participated in an alternative activity that engaged other parts of the brain. This strategy for dealing with their difficulty best illustrates _______ therapy.

token economy

In which operant conditioning procedure are positive reinforcers given for desired behaviors?

rTMS

It has been suggested that the effectiveness of ________ results from energizing the left frontal lobe of the brain.

deep brain

Mario suffers from depression. He has been using antidepressants for years with little effect but has resisted his therapist's recommendation to undergo ECT. More recently, though, Mario's therapist has been suggesting a new procedure that calms the area of the brain normally overexcited in people who are depressed by exciting neurons. This procedure is known as _____ stimulation.

psychoanalytic

Mikkia needs therapy for help with procrastination. She says, "There's no way I'm going to that therapist! He sees patients three times a week for years on end. I need to get better soon!" The therapist MOST likely uses the _____ approach.

thoughts and feelings

Shania sees a cognitive therapist for depression. Shania's therapist has explained to her that cognitive therapy is very effective for depression because it addresses the relationship between:

psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique designed to help patients gain insight into repressed impulses and conflicts is called:

eye movement desensitization and reprocessing

Stefan recently suffered a traumatic experience and is now seeing a therapist on a regular basis. His therapist waves her finger in front of Stefan's eyes while he imagines the traumatic scene. This type of therapy is known as:

eclectic approach

Stefanie meets with her therapist once a week to talk about her marriage and her relationship with her parents. In addition to helping Stefanie gain insight into these relationships, Stefanie's therapist prescribes medication. This is an example of an:

emotional; values

Studies imply that when it comes to culture and gender roles, as well as religious views, clients have trouble establishing an ________ bond with a therapist who does not share their ________.

control

The best psychotherapy outcome studies are randomized clinical trials comparing treatment groups with ________ groups.

drug therapy

The biomedical treatment most widely used today is

1950

The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the _____ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.

placebo effect

The psychotherapeutic value of hope is best illustrated by the

systematic desensitization

To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist first encourages him to physically relax and imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist's technique BEST illustrates:

transference

When patients in psychoanalysis begin to have feelings toward their therapist such as love or hatred, and those feelings are linked to other relationships they have had or have, they are experiencing:

client-centered therapy

Which of the following is considered to be the most nondirective form of therapy?

behavior modification

Which of the following is most often criticized for violating clients' rights to personal freedom and self-determination?

counterconditioning

_____ includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.

counterconditioning

a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; includes exposure therapies and aversive conditioning

light exposure therapy

a client is exposed to daily doses of light that mimics outdoor light used to fight against seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

exposure therapy

therapy that confronts clients with what they fear with the goal of reducing the fear

token economy

type of behavior modification in which desired behavior is rewarded with tokens

Depakote

Twenty-eight-year-old John suffers from bipolar disorder. He is concerned mostly about controlling his manic episodes. His doctor prescribes _____.

slow the normal reabsorption of excess serotonin from synapses

Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called SSRIs because they

no one single factor

Recent research on the effects of lifestyle on health showed that _____ had the MOST significant impact on mental health.

exposure therapies

Repeatedly introducing people to things they fear and avoid is most characteristic of