Psychology: Chapter 1

Which school of though insisted on strict verifiability of observable behavior?

Behaviorism

What was William James's area of specialization?

Functionalism

G. Stanley Hall

american psychologist who established the first psychology research laboratory in the United States and founded the American Psychological Association

counseling psychology: education

same as clinical, graduate school for Ph.D, Ed.D, or Psy.D

James Olds

showed that electrical stimulation of the brain could evoke emotional responses such as pleasure and rage in animals

Roger Sperry

showed that the right and left halves of the brain are specialized to handle different types of mental tasks

Wilhelm Wundt

german physiologist who founded psychology as a formal science; opened first psychology research laboratory in 1879

clinical psychology: education

graduate school for a Ph.D, Ed.D, or Psy.D

William James

1842-1910; Field: functionalism; Contributions: studied how humans use perception to function in our environment; Landmark book, Principles of Psychology

From which two disciplines did psychology evolve?

Psychology's intellectual parents were the disciplines of philosophy and physiology.

Why would a humanist not use animal research to understand human behavior?

Research on animals has little relevance to the understanding of human behavior. Human behavior is governed primarily by each individual's sense of self, or "self-concept" in which animals lack.

Who would state that psychological disturbances were caused by personal conflicts that exist on an unconscious level?

Sigmund Freud

counseling psychology: job description

Similar to clinical psychology, but may work with less severe psychological disorders usually providing assistance with everyday problems of moderate day

What was Edward Titchener's area of specialization?

Structuralism

Applied Psychology

The branch of psychology concerned with everyday, practical problems

clinical psychology

The branch of psychology concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders

Structuralist

a psychologist who studied the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences such as sensations, feelings and images

Summarize Martin Seligman's criticism of psychology

argued that the field of psychology focused to much attention to pathology , weakness, damage, and ways to heal suffering. That they neglected the forces that make life worth living. He then convened a series of meetings outlining the philosophy and goals of positive psychology.

psychiatrist: job description

branch of medicine concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological problems and disorders

Functionlism

early school of thought promoted by James and influenced by Darwin; explored how mental and behavioral processes function- how they enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

clinical psychology: job description

evolution, diagnosis, and treatment of individuals with psychological disorders (nonmedical)

Introspection

examination of one's own thoughts and feelings

psychiatrist: education

medical school to earn M.D. degree

origin of applied psychology

not until WWII (1950s) did it become a profession