PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER 11: Personality

22. What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's eighth stage of psychosocial development, in which an individual assesses and makes sense of her life and the meaning of her contributions?

D. integrity vs. despair

23. In Carl Jung's view, the task of integrating unconscious archetypal aspects of the self is part of ________ in the second half of life.

D. the self-realization process

11. If parents are too lenient in the ________ stage, the child might become messy, careless, disorganized, and prone to emotional outbursts.

A. anal

24. Cognitive processes refer to all characteristics previously learned: ________.

B. beliefs and expectations

4. The traits openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism are key components of the ________.

A. Five Factor Model

21. Max's behavior and self-presentation is relaxed and informal with his friends. When he goes on a job interview he projects professionalism and formality with his attire and language. What would Carl Jung suggest about Max?

A. Max adopted a professional persona for his job interview.

12. The ________ Inkblot Test employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person's unconscious desires, fears, and struggles.

B. Rorschach

3. Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, "my smother" instead of "my mother." What does this exemplify?

C. Freudian slip

8. Dr. Grimes conducts a ________ by requesting that his patient respond to ambiguous stimuli, thus revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires.

A. projective test

10. The ________ is composed of a series of true and false questions in order to establish an individual's clinical profile.

B. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

1. A(an) ________ locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an ________ locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes.

B. external; internal

16. Eli seeks attention, acts first while thinking later, and prefers verbal communication. Carl Jung would describe him as a(an) ________.

B. extrovert

14. In the ________ stage, there is a sexual reawakening as the incestuous urges resurface. The young person redirects these urges to other, more socially acceptable partners (who often resemble the other-sex parent).

B. genital

5. Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive.

B. id

7. After Mike does not get the job he interviewed for, he moves back in with his parents and spends his days playing video games. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?

B. regression

18. What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's second stage of psychosexual development, in which a sense of independence in many tasks develops?

A. autonomy vs. shame/doubt

15. Karen Horney suggested ways in which people typically cope with day-to-day problems. According to Horney, these strategies could ________ if used rigidly and compulsively.

A. become neurotic strategies

20. What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's seventh stage of psychosocial development, in which individuals contribute to society and focus on being a part of a family?

A. generativity vs. stagnation

19. Many cultures have stories about a hero who goes on a quest, such as Hercules, King Arthur, and Gilgamesh. What would Carl Jung say this exemplified?

A. archetype

6. Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?

A. denial

17. Hans and Sybil Eysenck viewed people as having two specific personality dimensions: ________.

A. extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability

13. During which period are sexual feelings dormant as children focus on other pursuits, such as school, friendships, hobbies, and sports?

C. latency

9. According to Sigmund Freud, an adult who smokes, drinks, overeats, or bites her nails is fixated in the ________ stage of her psychosexual development.

C. oral

2. In Hippocrates theory of personality, what bodily humor was associated with choleric temperament?

D. yellow bile from the liver