Psychology chapter 2

Name the sections of an empirical journal article in the correct order.

Abstract Introduction Method Results Discussion References DOUBLE CHECK

Refer to Research Study 2.1 A change to which of the cells will result in a different interpretation of the results of subliminal messages?

a change in any cell will result in a different interpretation

A psychiatrist is testing a drug that treats depression. He has given the drug to all his patients and all of them have experienced a decrease in depressive symptoms. Although this is interesting, his experience is limited because he does not have what?

a comparison group that did not receive the drug.

Refer to Research Study 2.1 To understand whether the subliminal messages have an effect, Charlotte needs to consider which of the following cells in the chart above?

all of the cell results

James is asked about what is the best way to study for an exam. He responds that the best way to study is by making flash cards. He easily thinks of all the times he used flash cards and he made As. However, he fails to take into consideration all the times he made As and did not use flash cards and the times he used flash cards and did not do well. What is his faulty thinking an example of?

availability heuristic

What does it mean that behavioral research is probabilistic?

because inferences drawn from behavioral research are not expected to explain all cases all of the time (there are always exceptions).

When reading an empirical journal article "with purpose," why should you read the abstract first?

because it provides an overview of the article.

What is asking questions to get the answers we want called?

confirmatory hypothesis testing

What is an alternative explanation for an outcome called?

confound

Lana is writing her first empirical journal article. Although she thinks she knows why she found the results she did, she also wants to mention some alternative explanations for her findings. In which section will she mention these alternative explanations?

discussion section

Vanessa claims that she sleeps better when she falls asleep to music. She has a comparison group, because she has noticed that she does not listen to music every night, only when she remembers to plug in her iPod. She typically remembers to plug in her iPod on nights when she is able to finish studying earlier. What problem do you see in Vanessa's reasoning about sleeping better to music?

doesn't plug the music in all the time *** double check

Sasha believes that she is a nice person. To confirm this, she asks all her friends whether she is a nice person and they all agree that she is. Sasha concludes that she is a nice person and says she has evidence of it. However, she does not ask any of her enemies whether they think she is a nice person. Sasha would likely draw a different conclusion if she did what?

if she asked her enemies if she was a nice person.

What is a limitation of Google Scholar compared to PsycINFO?

is not limited to just psychology and related fields

What is the problem with the availability heuristic?

is that we do not examine all of the evidence, only what we can quickly think of.

Diego is interested in examining the relationship between a person's attachment style and his or her relationship satisfaction. He finds 65 studies that have examined this topic. He combines the results of all these studies and calculates an effect size. His research is most accurately described as what?

meta-analysis

Matthew is reading an empirical journal article and wants to know whether the authors used the Big Five Inventory (BFI-44) or the NEO-PI to measure extraversion. In which section would he find this information?

method section.

Hannah just finished reading an empirical journal article for a class project. What information might she get out of reading the references section of her article?

she will be able to identify the names of articles that researched a similar topic.

Looking for what in a trade book will give you a hint as to its scientific rigor?

the number of references

In what way are research studies superior to personal experience?

they include at least one comparison group.