Psychology Chapter 4

Mona lives on the east coast of the USA. She takes an overnight flight to the west coast to visit with family for a month; when she arrives she is fatigued, sluggish, and irritable. For the next week or so she has trouble sleeping. Mona is probably suffering from ________.

jet lag

Sleepwalking, night terrors, and restless leg syndrome are all examples of ___________.

parasomnias

Crack is regarded as more addictive than cocaine because it is ________.

smokable, so it reaches the brain more quickly

Cataplexy is a symptom associated with _________.

narcolepsy

After Omar falls asleep he feels a sense of panic, screams, and attempts to escape from his room. Which parasomnia does Omar have?

night terrors

What stage of sleep are you most likely experiencing if an EEG of your brain activity showed sleep spindles and K-complexes?

2

Which of the following is a symptom of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)?

kicking and punching while asleep

Which psychodynamic theorist proposed the idea of a collective unconscious that is shared by all members of the human species?

Carl Jung

Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early. A psychologist would say they have different __________.

Chronotypes

Marlowe wakes up from a dream about his teeth falling out. He looks in a dream dictionary and finds losing teeth is usually dream symbolism for anxiety. Marlowe is focused on the ________ content.

latent

Cocaine is considered a _______ drug because it tends to increase overall levels of neural activity.

Stimulant

Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same affect. This is an example of ________.

Tolerance

Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world.

circadian

Tariq depends on cigarettes to relieve his stress, though he smokes so frequently that he experiences no significant, noticeable physical symptoms when he is not smoking. What does this exemplify?

psychological dependence

Samek was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn't resist falling asleep. Samek may have _______.

Narcolepsy

Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ______ sleep.

REM

Regular feelings of hunger are an example of a(n) ________ rhythm.

biological

Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________.

consciousness

Mescaline is considered a(n) ________ drug because it results in profound alterations in sensory and perceptual experiences

hallucinogenic

A state of ________, as shown by EEG recordings of new practitioners, is not an altered state of consciousness; however, patterns of brain waves exhibited by expert practitioners may represent a unique state of consciousness.

meditation

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ___________.

suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when __________.

An individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep.

What occurs during stage 1 sleep?

Both our respiration and heartbeat slow down.

Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity

Depressant

_________ theory suggests that when people are hypnotized they have voluntarily divided their conscious: one half aware of reality and the other half tuned in to the hypnotist.

Jungian

Melatonin release from the pineal gland is stimulated by _______ and inhibited by _________.

darkness; light

Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system?

homeostasis

Individuals undergoing hypnosis __________.

usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors