PSYCHOLOGY CHAPTER 5

What does the place theory of pitch perception suggest?

Different portions of the basilar membrane are sensitive to sounds of different frequencies.

What is vertigo?

spinning sensation

Which of the following exemplifies gustation?

tasting freshly caught salmon

Individuals suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder have been shown to have reduced volumes of the ________.

there injuries and secondary infections of injured sites

Due to his sense of ________, Abraham knows he is cold when he is outside during a blizzard, and he knows he is hot after he comes inside and eats soup by the fire.

thermoception

Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts?

top-down

Your ears receive sound waves and convert this energy into neural messages that travel to your brain and are processed as sounds. This is an example of ________.

transduction

What is a binaural cue?

two-eared cue to localize sound

In addition to sweet, salty, sour, and bitter, what other taste groupings do we possess?

umamil and fat content

Vinnie is standing on one leg with his arms in the air. The ________ sense helps keep him balanced so he has less chance of falling over.

vestibular

Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure?

Gestalt

How does the term Gestalt relate to the psychological study of perception?

Perception involves more than simply combining sensory stimuli; therefore, perception is studied as Gestalt.

Sariah enters a room with several chirping crickets in it. Upon first entering the room, Sariah can hear the chirping; however, as she begins to talk to her friends, she is no longer aware of the chirping even though it is still there. The fact that Sariah no longer perceives the chirping sound demonstrates sensory ________.

adaption

Inattentional ________ refers to the failure to notice something that is completely visible due to a lack of attention.

blindness

The visible spectrum refers to the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that we ______?

can see

Petra walks into a brightly lit Psychology lab to participate in an experiment involving the ability to perceive the colors of the rainbow. Which photoreceptors will be most useful during this experiment?

cones

Ravon was born deaf, so he is diagnosed with ________ deafness.

congenital

Light waves are transmitted across the _______ and enter the eye through the ______.

cornea; pupil

The Amplitudes of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave _____ to the lowest point on the wave _____.

crest; trough

Hertz is a measure of _____

frequency

________ frequency sound waves are perceived as high-pitched sounds, while ______ frequency sound waves are perceived as low-pitched sounds.

high; low

______ amplitudes are associated with _______ sounds.

higher; louder

What is described by the concept of perception?

how sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced

The ______ is also known as the anvil.

incus

Which of the following describes the difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli?

just noticeable

Which term describes the perception of the body's movement through space?

kinesthesia

At the point of the optic chiasm, information from the right visual field (which comes from both eyes) is sent to the ______ side to the brain, and information from the left visual field is sent to the ______ side of the brain.

left; right

In a normal-sighted individual, the ________ will focus images perfectly on a small indentation in the back of the eye known as the ________.

lens; fovea

Within the visible spectrum, our experiences of red is associated with _______.

longer wavelengths

Longer wavelengths will have _______ frequencies, and shorter wavelengths will have ______ frequencies.

lower; higher

Our vestibular sense contributes to our ability to ________.

maintain balance and body posture

Felicia smacks her thumb with a hammer while building a doghouse. The sense of ________ provides her brain with information about the pain she feels.

nociception

Which nerve carries visual information from the retina to the brain?

optic

What is the X-shaped structure that sits just below the brain's ventral surface and represents the merging of the optic nerves from the two eyes?

optic chiasm

________ refers to the way that sensory information is interpreted and consciously experienced; ______ refers to what happens when sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor.

perception; sensation

Catherine is at a crowded baseball game when she loses track of her son, Nick. Despite the loud cheering and noise of the crowd, she can pinpoint his location when he calls for her because she can distinguish the sound of his voice from the all the other voices. This illustrates ________ theory.

signal detection

Congenital deafness refers to deafness ________.

since birth

Which of the following exemplifies olfaction?

smelling cookies in the oven

Several studies have suggested that non-Black participants identify weapons faster and are more likely to identify non-weapons as weapons when the image of the weapon is paired with the image of a Black person. What does this imply about perception?

Perceptions our influenced by implicit prejudice and stereotypes.

What has research by Goolkasian & Woodbury (2010) demonstrated about pattern perception?

Those who are given verbal priming produces a biased interpretation of complex ambiguous figures.